https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z en-us 2019-02-21 15:19:50 UTC 2019-02-28 20:57:42 UTC hello@padlet.com nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/333685622 2019-02-21 15:43:21 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/333685622 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/333685834 Reactants: C6H10O5 (Cellulose) + 6O2 (Oxygen Gas)
Products: 6CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) + 5H2O (Water)]]> 2019-02-21 15:43:39 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/333685834 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/333688451 Smoke is being created (which contains new compounds) and heat is absorbed and produced.
A new substance (smoke) and heat being absorbed are both evidences of chemical reactions.]]> 2019-02-21 15:47:50 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/333688451 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/333690721 Burning wood is an example of combustion. Combustion is mixing heat (usually fire from a match or a lighter) with a substance (like a candle or wood) which causes fire to burn away at the substance. The substance produces more heat and also produces smoke which contains new compounds.]]> 2019-02-21 15:51:34 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/333690721 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334178609 Reactants: C12H22O11 (sucrose) + H2O (water) + heat

Products: C6H12O6 (glucose) + C6H12O6 (fructose)]]> 2019-02-22 15:34:06 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334178609 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334182711 2019-02-22 15:41:20 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334182711 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334182998 The color, scent, and texture changes. A new substance is being formed out of the changes in molecular structure. Also, heat is being absorbed, so it as an endothermic reaction (more on that later). ]]> 2019-02-22 15:41:48 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334182998 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334184720 It is an endothermic reaction, as the sugar is absorbing the heat to change from a white powder to a caramel-colored liquid which eventually hardens. This is happening because the heat causes the particles to separate and form new compounds with the water and each other. Water is also left over and evaporates.]]> 2019-02-22 15:44:50 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334184720 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334192427 2019-02-22 15:57:59 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334192427 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334192611 Reactants: KMnO4 (potassium permanganate) solution + C12H22O11 (sucrose) & NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide) solution 

Products: The potassium permanganate keeps being reduced, which is why it keeps changing colors: MnO4- + e- → MnO4-2
then
MnO4-2 + 2H2O + 2e- → MnO2 + 4OH-]]> 2019-02-22 15:58:17 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334192611 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334195036 The liquid keeps changing colors, all which are different from the original (until it settles down to clear).]]> 2019-02-22 16:02:42 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334195036 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334196458 Once the two solutions are mixed, part of the potassium permanganate (permanganate ion) is reduced manganate ion (MnO₄^- + e^- → MnO₄^-2). The compound on the left is purple, and the one on the right is green. They combine to look blue. Next, the green manganate is reduced to manganese dioxide (MnO₄^-2 + 2H₂O + 2e^- → MnO₂ + 4OH^-). The manganese dioxide is a brown solid, but it’s in such small particles that it appears to make the liquid turn yellow.]]> 2019-02-22 16:05:03 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334196458 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334331795 2019-02-22 20:32:54 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334331795 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334332080 Reactants: H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) and H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) solution + KI (potassium iodide) and Na2S2O3 (sodium thiosulfate) and starch solution

Products: Two reactions happen:
H2O2 + 2I− + 2H+ → I2 + 2H2O
then
2S2O32− + I2 → S4O62− + 2I−]]> 2019-02-22 20:33:37 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334332080 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334336021 The color changes from clear to a dark blue.]]> 2019-02-22 20:46:41 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334336021 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334336363 In the first, slow reaction, iodine is produced: H2O2 + 2I− + 2H+ → I2 + 2H2O 
In the second, fast reaction, iodine is reconverted to 2 iodide ions by the thiosulfate: 2S2O32− + I2 → S4O62− + 2I−
The second reaction creates the blue color, which is caused by the triiodine-starch complex.]]> 2019-02-22 20:47:57 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334336363 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334337316 2019-02-22 20:51:34 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334337316 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334350788 Reactants: NaHCO3 (baking soda) + HC2H3O2 (acetic acid)

Products: C2H3NaO2 (sodium acetate) + H2O (water) + CO2 (carbon dioxide)]]> 2019-02-22 21:44:48 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334350788 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334351704 There is fizzing.]]> 2019-02-22 21:49:35 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334351704 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334351779 This is actually a two step reaction. First,  acetic acid in the vinegar reacts with sodium bicarbonate to form sodium acetate and carbonic acid. Carbonic acid is unstable and undergoes a decomposition reaction to produce the carbon dioxide gas, which escapes the solution as bubbles. ]]> 2019-02-22 21:50:00 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334351779 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334354216 (Video is my Explain Everything)]]> 2019-02-22 22:04:10 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334354216 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334354596 Reactants: C6H8O7 (Citric Acid) + 3NaHCO3 (Sodium bicarbonate) 
Products: Na3C6H5O7 (Sodium citrate) + 3CO2 (Carbon dioxide) + 3H2O (Water)

]]> 2019-02-22 22:06:23 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334354596 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334355332 The Alka Seltzer tablet is fizzing and creating bubbles throughout the mixture.]]> 2019-02-22 22:11:05 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334355332 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334355397 The only reaction that is actually taking place is in the Alka-Seltzer tablet (the Citric Acid and Sodium Bicarbonate). The reason they don't react while dry is that they need to run into each other, which can't happen while they are stuck in place (and they are stuck in place while dry). But, once the Alka-Seltzer tablet is put into water the sodium bicarbonate and citric acid start to dissolve and can move around more easily. So, they come into contact and react.]]> 2019-02-22 22:11:36 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334355397 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334360762 2019-02-22 22:27:02 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334360762 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334360995 Sodium chloride and silver nitrate are both solids that are highly soluble in water.  They give a double displacement reaction where the ions switch places and produce sodium nitrate and silver chloride.  Sodium nitrate is also very soluble in water, but silver chloride is highly insoluble in water and will precipitate out of solution as a white solid.  ]]> 2019-02-22 22:28:48 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334360995 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334361084 Reactants: NaCl (Sodium Chloride) solution  + AgNO3 (Silver Nitrate) solution

 Products: AgCl (Silver Chloride) + NaNO3 (Sodium Nitrate) solution]]> 2019-02-22 22:29:29 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334361084 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334361342 A solid, or precipitate, is formed.]]> 2019-02-22 22:31:32 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334361342 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334362214 2019-02-22 22:39:00 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334362214 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334362737 Reactants: MgSO4 (Magnesium Sulfate) Solution + Na2CO3 (Sodium Carbonate) Solution

Products: MgCO3 (Magnesium Carbonate) + Na2SO4 (Sodium Sulfate) + MgOH2 (Magnesium Hydroxide) ]]> 2019-02-22 22:42:55 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334362737 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334363217 A precipitate (white powder) is formed).]]> 2019-02-22 22:47:43 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334363217 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334363293 A double displacement reaction happened. The compounds separated into ions, then the Na replaces the Mg because it is more stable. The sulfate also replaces the carbonate because it is more reactive. Magnesium Hydroxide and Magnesium Carbonate can't really be dissolved in water, so they precipitate out and form solids in the liquid.]]> 2019-02-22 22:48:23 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334363293 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334437697 Maillard Reaction]]> 2019-02-23 13:35:25 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334437697 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334438296 It is different depending on the conditions and types of sugars and amino acids, but it always involves sugar and amino acids. Some examples of ending products are: thiopenes, oxazoles, and many others.]]> 2019-02-23 13:41:40 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334438296 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334438607 New scents and flavors are produced and sometimes the color changes.]]> 2019-02-23 13:45:46 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334438607 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334438653 The sugars and amino acids in a food combine when heated up to about 300 degrees to create new compounds that have a different scent and flavor.]]> 2019-02-23 13:46:18 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334438653 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334439567 2019-02-23 13:56:21 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334439567 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334440799 Reactants: Li (Lithium) + H (Hydrogen) + heat

Products: Li2S (Lithium Sulfide) + H2S (Hydrogen Sulfide)]]> 2019-02-23 14:08:46 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334440799 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334441061 The rotten egg odor of H2S is produced, the substance looks completely different with a different texture, shape, etc.]]> 2019-02-23 14:11:33 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334441061 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334441122 When you burn Sulfur and Lithium, they chemically combine to create Li2S. When Lithium Sulfide breaks down in air, it releases Hydrogen Sulfide which produces a rotten egg odor.]]> 2019-02-23 14:12:11 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334441122 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334441927 2019-02-23 14:20:48 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334441927 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334442120 Reactants: Fe (Iron) + O (Oxygen) + H2O (water)

Products: Fe2O3 (Hydrated Ferris Oxide) + H2O (water)]]> 2019-02-23 14:23:03 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334442120 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334442389 A new substance (rust) is formed with a new color and texture.]]> 2019-02-23 14:25:42 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334442389 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334442467 The rusting of iron is a redox reaction. Rust happens when iron and oxygen reacts in the presence of water. Iron and oxygen react easily, so this happens often and easily.]]> 2019-02-23 14:26:05 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334442467 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334443248 Reactants: 2NaHCO3 (baking soda)

Products: Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂

Other reactions happen with: NaCl (salt), C12H22O11 (sucrose), fat/butter, egg

All of these reactions are triggered because of the heat.]]> 2019-02-23 14:34:42 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334443248 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334443551 A new scent and flavor is formed, the cookies look very different from the cookie dough (new color, texture, etc.). This shows that baked cookies are a different substance than cookie dough.]]> 2019-02-23 14:38:16 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334443551 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334443655 When the NaHCO3 absorbs heat, a chemical reaction occurs in which the CO2 create bubbles in the cookie. The NaCl slows down the production of the CO2 which prevents the bubbles from becoming too big. Also, the sucrose breaks down into glucose and fructose creating the light-brown, shiny crust. The butter creates the light texture, and the fat and protein from the egg yolks hold the dough together while the albumin from the egg whites support the bubbles.

Once the cookie gets to a higher temperature, caramelization and the Maillard reaction take place creating a different color, scent, and flavor.]]> 2019-02-23 14:39:22 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/334443655 nataliehoward2023 https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/336232938 2019-02-28 02:20:57 UTC https://padlet.com/nataliehoward2023/u40mka60sd8z/wish/336232938