Rhetorical Appeals & Logical Fallacies by https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r Notes about ethos, logos, pathos, and some logical fallacies. Created for Skatrud’s Public Speaking class en-us 2016-12-13 17:46:49 UTC 2016-12-13 19:33:08 UTC hello@padlet.com Ethos 17kemnik https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143436350 1. Convincing someone by the appeal to ethics (rights and wrongs)
2. "Doctors all over the world recommend this type of treatment."
3. People tend to believe the opinions of doctors in the matter of medical treatments]]> 2016-12-13 17:52:40 UTC https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143436350 Pathos 17kemnik https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143437673 1. Convincing someone by the appeal to emotion- creates an emotional response
2. "If we don’t move soon, we’re all going to die! Can’t you see how dangerous it would be to stay?"
3. Saying that they (we) all may die, puts an emotional response on them (us)]]> 2016-12-13 17:56:51 UTC https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143437673 Logos 17kemnik https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143439499 1. Convincing someone by the appeal to logic, convincing the audience by reason
2. "Homelessness amongst children has risen 25% in this country in the past decade."
3. Shows reasoning that was conducted- 25%.]]> 2016-12-13 18:02:54 UTC https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143439499 Hasty Generalization 17kemnik https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143441678 1. Drawing a conclusion based on a sample size
2. My father smoked four packs of cigarettes a day since age fourteen and lived until age sixty-nine.  Therefore, smoking really can’t be that bad for you
3. Not a good idea to draw a conclusion off of the case study of one man. ]]> 2016-12-13 18:09:43 UTC https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143441678 Post Hoc 17kemnik https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143442246 1. -A comes before B
    -A is the cause of B
2. I had been doing pretty poorly this season. Then my girlfriend gave me this neon laces for my spikes and I won my next three races. Those laces must be good luck...if I keep on wearing them I can't help but win!
3. Shows that he got good laces before he did well in his games. The laces are the cause of the good games. ]]> 2016-12-13 18:11:56 UTC https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143442246 Slippery Slope 17kemnik https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143443846 1. An idea or course of action which will lead to something unacceptable or wrong
2. If we allow the children to choose the movie this time, they are going to expect to be able to choose the school they go to or the doctors they visit.
3. The children choosing the movie will lead to the school they choose to go to- which may be wrong]]> 2016-12-13 18:17:19 UTC https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143443846 Bandwagon 17kemnik https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143449153 1. A type of persuasive technique when people say that the majority agree, so someone should as well.
2. Everyone is voting for David, so definitely he is the best presidential candidate.
3. Shows that EVERYONE is voting for David, so everyone should]]> 2016-12-13 18:32:08 UTC https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143449153 Appeal to Authority 17kemnik https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143451087 1. According to person 1, Y is true.
Therefore, Y is true.
2. My 5th grade teacher once told me that girls will go crazy for boys if they learn how to dance.  Therefore, if you want to make the ladies go crazy for you, learn to dance.
3. Shows that the teacher said girls will go crazy if boys dance. So boys must dance.
]]> 2016-12-13 18:37:54 UTC https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143451087 Ad Pop 17kemnik https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143454753 1. People will accept a claim because it appeals to the popularity 
2. “The fact that the majority of our citizens support the death penalty proves that it is morally right.”
3. Says that the majority of people support the death penalty- so everyone will then accept it ]]> 2016-12-13 18:50:00 UTC https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143454753 Ad Hominem 17kemnik https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143461329 1. (of an argument or reaction) directed against a person rather than the position they are maintaining.
2. “How can you argue your case for vegetarianism when you are enjoying your steak?”
3. It is clearly being attacked on the person than rather just a simple argument


]]> 2016-12-13 19:09:10 UTC https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143461329 Appeal to Pity 17kemnik https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143465598 1. Someone tries to win their argument by appealing to their own or someone else's pity
2. I really deserve an “A” on this paper, professor.  Not only did I study during my grandmother’s funeral, I also passed up the heart transplant surgery, even though that was the first matching donor in 3 years.
3. Papers should be graded just as papers and not based on someones pity, in this case, a grandmothers funeral/ surgery.]]> 2016-12-13 19:21:32 UTC https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143465598 Straw Man 17kemnik https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143466549 1.When a person simply ignores a person's actual position and substitutes a distorted, exaggerated or misrepresented version of that position
2. Bill and Jill are arguing about cleaning out their closets: 
Jill: "We should clean out the closets. They are getting a bit messy." 
Bill: "Why, we just went through those closets last year. Do we have to clean them out everyday?" 
Jill: "I never said anything about cleaning them out every day. You just want too keep all your junk forever, which is just ridiculous."
3. Giving a bad position to the other person so it seems like their case is bad

]]> 2016-12-13 19:24:26 UTC https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143466549 Red Herring 17kemnik https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143468708 1. An irrelevant topic is introduced to all of the listeners to divert the attention from the original argument
2. Mother: It’s bedtime Jane
Jane: Mom, how do ants feed their babies?
Mother: Don’t know dear. Close your eyes now.
Jane: But mama, do ant babies cry when hungry?
3. Jane just gives another topic to distract from having to go to bed]]> 2016-12-13 19:31:27 UTC https://padlet.com/17kemnik/u3y4cmmbw6r/wish/143468708