Rheumatoid Arthritis by https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb en-us 2023-10-05 13:08:44 UTC 2023-10-05 13:52:14 UTC hello@padlet.com Mechanism of Hypersensitivity: Immune complex-mediated reaction monei3912_ https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733912991 Antibodies bind to circulating antigens in blood and body fluids resulting in the formation of immune complexes that deposit in tissues and vessel walls. These immune complexes activate complement and neutrophils resulting in tissue destruction. ]]> 2023-10-05 13:16:31 UTC https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733912991 Organ or tissue affected monei3912_ https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733917020 Joints
Not organ specific 
Most commonly result in a vasculitis in the skin, kidney, or lungs]]> 2023-10-05 13:18:47 UTC https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733917020 Probable self-antigen monei3912_ https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733918279 Collagen, Immunoglobulin G (Ig G)]]> 2023-10-05 13:19:29 UTC https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733918279 Also type 4 mechanism of hypersensitivity monei3912_ https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733927891 Cell mediated reaction: T1 helper cells produce interferon gamma resulting in the activation of macrophages and T cytotoxic cells that attack the target cell through the release of destructive enzymes. ]]> 2023-10-05 13:24:21 UTC https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733927891 Risk Factors https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733932188
  • Genetics (60% risk) 
    • Susceptibility genes (ex. HLA-DR81)
    • Epigenetic modifications 
  • Non-Genetic Risk Factors (40% of risk)
    • Smoking 
    • Microbiota 
    • Female sex
    • Western diet (high intake of pre-packaged food, red/ processed meat, high sugar drinks, etc.)
    • Ethnic factors (non-Hispanic African Americans at increased risk)

    • ]]>     2023-10-05 13:26:40 UTC https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733932188     Clinical Manifestation: appear gradually over a period of weeks or months https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733952049
  • fever
  • fatigue
  • weakness
  • anorexia
  • weight loss
  • generalized aching 
  • stiffness 
    • Due to joint inflammation, some may experience loss of mobility

    Loss in joint motion can lead to atrophy of the surrounding muscles and joint deformities
    Can cause joint deformities in:
    • fingers
    • feet
    • contractures of knees and hips 



    ]]>     2023-10-05 13:35:15 UTC https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733952049     Pathology monei3912_ https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733957463 Antibodies bind to circulating antigens in the blood or body fluids, form immune complexes
    Immune complexes are then deposited in vascular tissues or vessel walls
    Complexes activate the complement cascade through C1 and generate fragments, including C5a (chemotactic for neutrophils- migrate to inflamed area and attach to the IgG) and C3b (in the immune complexes)
    Neutrophils attempt to phagocytose the tissue (unsuccessfully) and release degradative enzymes that destroy healthy tissues 
    Two major subtypes: presence or absence of ACPA's]]>     2023-10-05 13:38:19 UTC https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733957463     Treatment https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733961630
  • NSAIDs
  • Glucocorticoids 
  • Intra-articular steroid injections 
  • Physical/occupational therapy along with therapeutic exercise 
    • ]]>     2023-10-05 13:40:45 UTC https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733961630     RA Explained https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733965886 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r8PjxvR6Dqw]]> 2023-10-05 13:43:10 UTC https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733965886 End Result https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733966560 Osteoclast generation resulting in bone destruction, the hallmark of RA. Inflammation can spread to the articular cartilage, fibrous joint capsule, bone, and surrounding ligaments and tendons, causing pain, joint deformity, and loss of function]]> 2023-10-05 13:43:33 UTC https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733966560 Patho of RA monei3912_ https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733984324 synovium in normal joints: thin delicate linking that serves as an important source of nutrients for cartilage and produces lubricant for joints
    synovial lining is hypertrophied, 8-10 cells thick (typically 1-3 cells thick) --> invades and erodes cartilage and bone
    subintimal area of synovium typically has very few cells, but with RA is heavily infiltrated with T and B lymphocytes, macrophages and mononuclear cells --> accompanied by angiogenesis ]]>     2023-10-05 13:52:14 UTC https://padlet.com/monei3912_/tza1u7a6g6q5xyqb/wish/2733984324