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      <title>International Women&#39;s Day at D9AY by Blanca Fernández Soriano</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf</link>
      <description>Following last year’s PhD initiative, we’d like to celebrate a new Women’s Day 2025 making our research team, its empathies and concerns, a bit more visible. If you —Phd student or supervisor— want to join the initiative, just think of a short essay, a poem, a picture, any kind of document you may contribute to this panel. The resulting poster will be shared with other members of the UCM community and offered as part of the PhD in English Linguistics 2025 activities on our webpage. </description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2025-02-28 11:43:20 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2025-03-10 09:51:36 UTC</lastBuildDate>
      <webMaster>hello@padlet.com</webMaster>
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         <title>Sex and gender in the lives of girls and women</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3348860076</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2025-03-03 10:04:02 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3348860076</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>&quot;A Woman Speaks&quot; by Audre Lorde (1997)</title>
         <author>blfern07</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3348890101</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p>Moon marked and touched by sun&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>my magic is unwritten</p><p>but when the sea turns back</p><p>it will leave my shape behind.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>I seek no favor</p><p>untouched by blood</p><p>unrelenting as the curse of love&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>permanent as my errors</p><p>or my pride</p><p>I do not mix</p><p>love with pity</p><p>nor hate with scorn</p><p>and if you would know me</p><p>look into the entrails of Uranus&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>where the restless oceans pound.</p><p><br></p><p>I do not dwell</p><p>within my birth nor my divinities&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>who am ageless and half-grown&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>and still seeking</p><p>my sisters</p><p>witches in Dahomey</p><p>wear me inside their coiled cloths&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>as our mother did</p><p>mourning.</p><p><br></p><p>I have been woman</p><p>for a long time</p><p>beware my smile</p><p>I am treacherous with old magic&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>and the noon's new fury</p><p>with all your wide futures&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>promised</p><p>I am</p><p>woman</p><p>and not white.</p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2025-03-03 10:31:02 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3348890101</guid>
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         <title>&quot;WE SHOULD ALL BE FEMINISTS&quot;, by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie (2014)</title>
         <author>mgkoutzi95</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3348929784</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p>We teach girls shame. Close your legs. Cover yourself. We make them feel as though by being born female, they are already guilty of something.</p><p>~</p><p>But what matters evem more is our attitude, our mindset.</p><p>What if, in raising children, we focus on ability instead of gender? What if we focus on interest instead of gender?</p><p>~</p><p>I know a woman who has the same degree and same job as her husband. When they get back from work, she does most of the housework, which is true for many marriages, but what struck me was that whenever he changed the baby's nappy, she said thank you to him.</p><p>~</p><p>Some people ask, 'Why the word feminist? Why not just say you are a believer in human rights, or something like that?' Because that would be dishonest. Feminism is, of course, part of human rights in general - but to choose to use the vague expression human rights is to deny the specific and particular problem of gender. It would be a way of pretending that it was not women who have, for centuries, been excluded. It would be a way of denying that the problem of gender targets women. That the problem was not about being human, but specifically about being a female human. For centuries, the world divided human beings into two groups and then proceeded to exclude and oppress one group. It is only fair that the solution to the problem should aknowledge that.</p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2025-03-03 11:12:08 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3348929784</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3349297353</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2025-03-03 15:53:51 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3349297353</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>HOPE</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3349344228</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<blockquote><p><strong>“Hope is a radical act.”</strong></p></blockquote><p>—Jaha Dukureh</p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2025-03-03 16:27:21 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3349344228</guid>
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         <title>Stitching the world: Embroidered Maps and Women’s Geographical Education</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3349399891</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p>From the late eighteenth century until about 1840, schoolgirls in the British Isles and the United States created embroidered map samplers and even silk globes. Hundreds of British maps were made and although American examples are more rare, they form a significant collection of artefacts. Descriptions of these samplers stated that they were designed to teach needlework and geography. The focus of this book is not on stitches and techniques used in 'drafting' the maps, but rather why they were developed, how they diffused from the British Isles to the United States, and why they were made for such a brief time. The events of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries stimulated an explosion of interest in geography. The American and French Revolutions, the wars between France and England, the War of 1812, Captain Cook's voyages, and the explorations of Lewis and Clark made the study of places exciting and important. Geography was the first science taught to girls in school. This period also coincided with major changes in educational theories and practices, especially for girls, and this book uses needlework maps and globes to chart a broader discussion of women's geographic education. In this light, map samplers and embroidered globes represent a transition in women's education from 'accomplishments' in the eighteenth century to challenging geographic education and conventional map drawing in schools and academies of the second half of the nineteenth century. There has been little serious study of these maps by cartographers and, moreover, historians of cartography have largely neglected the role of women in mapping. Children's maps have not been studied, although they might have much to offer about geographical teaching and perceptions of a period, and map samplers have been dismissed because they are the work of schoolgirls. Needlework historians, likewise, have not done in depth studies of map samplers until recently. Stitching the World is an interdisciplinary work drawing on cartography, needlework, and material culture. This book for the first time provides a critical analysis of these artefacts, showing that they offer significant insights into both eighteenth- and nineteenth-century geographic thought and cartography in the USA and the UK and into the development of female education.</p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2025-03-03 17:05:01 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3349399891</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Matrimonial Advertisements in the 19th Century</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3349454963</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p>"The following matrimonial advertisement was placed in an 1811 issue of London’s <em>Morning Post</em> ... Notice that the lady advertising does not mention her appearance, her age, or whether or not she is a widow or a spinster." Mimi Matthews </p><p><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://www.mimimatthews.com/2016/01/04/alternative-courtship-matrimonial-advertisements-in-the-19th-century/">https://www.mimimatthews.com/2016/01/04/alternative-courtship-matrimonial-advertisements-in-the-19th-century/</a></p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2025-03-03 17:49:23 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3349454963</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Mary Leapor (1722-1746) - ‘An Essay on Woman’ </title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3352203361</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><em>Woman, a pleasing but a short-lived flower,</em></p><p><em>Too soft for business and too weak for power:</em></p><p><em>A wife in bondage, or neglected maid;</em></p><p><em>Despised, if ugly; if she’s fair, betrayed.</em></p><p><br></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>"Obliged to work as a kitchen maid during her teenage years, Leapor was keenly aware of the restrictions she faced because of both her gender and her class. Fortunately for us, she did not let this stop her from writing poetry, and when she later returned home to keep house for her widowed father the efforts of her new friend Bridget Fremantle meant that the publication of her poetry became a real possibility. The production of two-volume anthology was funded via subscription publishing, a system through which interested patrons could basically preorder one or more copies of a work before it ever went to the press, with the money then being used to fund the printing costs.&nbsp;&nbsp;Sadly, Leapor herself died of measles (at 24) before their plans could come to fruition but, in accordance with Leapor’s dying request, her poems were published after her death ‘for the benefit of her father’.&nbsp;&nbsp;The posthumous subscription garnered almost 600 signatories."&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>(from <a rel="contributor-to nofollow" href="http://ageofoddities.blogspot.com/">The Age of Oddities: Reading the Eighteenth Century)</a></p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2025-03-05 09:10:46 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3352203361</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Mary Seacole (1805-1881)</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3352251956</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p>Her autobiography (1857) was the first published by a black woman in England. It provides evidence of her dedication to her profession as a nurse, as well as the racial prejudice she faced.</p><p><br/></p><p>This autobiography demonstrates Mary Seacole's keen sense of hypocrisy and her fondness for sarcasm. She frequently stands up happily to criticize the false restrictions placed on her because she is a black woman. She comes through in her writings as a unique person with a very un-Victorian desire for freedom, travel, and adventure. (<a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://www.amazon.es/Wonderful-Adventures-Seacole-Lands-English-ebook/dp/B0BWWR7FXH">https://www.amazon.es/Wonderful-Adventures-Seacole-Lands-English-ebook/dp/B0BWWR7FXH</a>)</p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2025-03-05 09:52:26 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3352251956</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Women were at the centre of social networks in Iron Age Britain</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3352289177</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><em>Press release issued: 16 January 2025</em></p><p><br/></p><p>Women were at the centre of social networks in Iron Age British Celtic communities, research in this week’s Nature suggests. The analysis of 2,000-year-old DNA reveals evidence for matrilocal Celtic societies, in which married women stayed in their ancestral communities.</p><p>The research, led by Trinity College Dublin working with archaeologists from the University of Bournemouth, was supported by researchers at the University of Bristol.</p><p><br/></p><p>The structure of human societies is shaped by where married couples tend to reside; patrilocality is where partners predominantly reside with or near the families of the male, whereas in matrilocal societies, the couples live near the female’s parents.</p><p>Patrilocality is the most common system observed in European Neolithic, Copper and Bronze Age sites. However, archaeological evidence suggests that Celtic societies may have given women high status; for example, the Durotriges tribe, who occupied the central southern English coast around 100 BC to AD 100, buried women with valuable items. Genetic data analysed by Dr Lara Cassidy at Trinity College Dublin and colleagues support this theory.</p><p>The authors analysed the genomes of 57 individuals buried in Iron Age cemeteries associated with Durotrigian communities in southern Britain.</p><p>They discovered that most individuals were related through the maternal line and that unrelated individuals found in the cemetery were predominantly male (assumed to have migrated to the area after marriage).</p><p><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2025/january/iron-age-research.html">https://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2025/january/iron-age-research.html</a></p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><p>See also</p><p><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://phys.org/news/2025-01-ancient-genomes-reveal-iron-age.html#google_vignette">https://phys.org/news/2025-01-ancient-genomes-reveal-iron-age.html#google_vignette</a></p><p><br/></p><p>Lara Cassidy, Continental influx and pervasive matrilocality in Iron Age Britain, Nature (2025). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08409-6. <a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="http://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08409-6">www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08409-6</a> Guido Alberto Gnecchi-Ruscone, Women were at the centre of social networks in Iron Age Britain, Nature (2025). DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-04214-3 , <a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="http://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-024-04214-3">doi.org/10.1038/d41586-024-04214-3</a></p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2025-03-05 10:24:12 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3352289177</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>GATA CATTANA - Ana Isabel García Llorente  </title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3354712909</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p>Buscando una luz, buscando una luz<br>Yo os invoco hijas de Eva</p><p>Desde que Prometeo les mostró el truco del fuego<br>Sometieron nuestro ego desde Atenas a Estambul<br>Tú y cuántos como tú contra estas dos titánides<br>Corre ve y dile a aquel que no vamos a ser tan dóciles</p><p>Imbéciles se creen que son la élite caerán<br>Por su propio peso cuando rescate a Eurídice<br>Lapídame, humíllame, si quieres ponme un burka<br>Arráncame la voz y el clítoris pa' ser más pulcra</p><p>Escóndeme, tápame bien ese escote impuro<br>No sea que te pervierta o te transporte al lado oscuro<br>No sea que te intoxique con mi psique de cianuro<br>La mujer es el diablo eso seguro, ten cuidao'</p><p>Y ando cayendo ya, encallándome en mí<br>Propia guerra civil como Lisístrata<br>Sin más que decir, que aportar a la causa<br>Un tributo a mis musas que luchan</p><p>Diciendo que la mujer, si no es prostituta es tonta<br>Pero si es que no es ninguna de las dos, lo que sí está seguro es que es mala<br>Las mujeres no somos ni malévolas, ni malignas<br>No engendramos el demonio, y tampoco somos santas<br>O que nos santificamos cuando llegamos a ser madres</p><p>Las mujeres somos mujeres</p><p><br/></p><p>(Lisístrata)</p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2025-03-06 18:23:27 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3354712909</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Gloria Fuertes (1917-1998)</title>
         <author>migranda</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3356278815</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><strong>Nací para poeta o para muerto</strong></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><em>Nací para poeta o para muerto,</em></p><p><em>escogí lo difícil</em></p><p><em>-supervivo de todos los naufragios-,</em></p><p><em>Y sigo con mis versos,</em></p><p><em>vivita y coleando.</em></p><p><em>&nbsp;</em></p><p><em>Nací para puta o payaso,</em></p><p><em>escogí lo difícil</em></p><p><em>-hacer reír a los clientes desahuciados-,</em></p><p><em>y sigo con mis trucos,</em></p><p><em>sacando una paloma del refajo.</em></p><p><em>&nbsp;</em></p><p><em>Nací para nada o soldado,</em></p><p><em>y escogí lo difícil</em></p><p><em>-no ser apenas nada en el tablado-,</em></p><p><em>y sigo entre fusiles y pistolas</em></p><p><em>sin mancharme las manos.</em></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&lt;B&gt;</p><p>Gloria Fuertes.&nbsp;<em>Obras&nbsp;incompletas.</em></p><p>Cátedra, 1984.</p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2025-03-07 18:08:52 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3356278815</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Stop Violence against Women</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/blfern07/txi30ruvduhuhsf/wish/3356312295</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p>The International Women's Day inevitably reminds us that many women have been left behind on account of gender-based violence. Let us take a moment to not forget the survivors of (sexual) violence as well as those who couldn't make it. </p><p> The United Nations provides the following statistics on violence against women:</p><p><br/></p><ul><li><p>An estimated <a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240022256">736 million women—almost one in three—</a>have been subjected to physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence, non-partner sexual violence, or both at least once in their life (30 per cent of women aged 15 and older).&nbsp;This figure does not include sexual harassment. Women who have experienced violence are more likely to suffer from depression, anxiety disorders, unplanned pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections and HIV, with long-lasting consequences.</p></li><li><p><strong>Violence by intimate partners: </strong>Most violence against women is committed by current or former husbands or intimate partners. <a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240022256">More<strong> </strong>than 640 million women aged 15 and older</a> (26 per cent) have been subjected to intimate partner violence.</p></li></ul><p><br/></p><p><strong>Femicides/Feminicides</strong></p><ul><li><p>In 2023, around 51,100 women and girls worldwide were killed by their intimate partners or other family members. This means that, on average, 140 women or girls are killed every day&nbsp;by someone in their own family.</p></li><li><p>While <a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://www.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/publications/2024/11/femicides-in-2023-global-estimates-of-intimate-partner-family-member-femicides">60 per cent of all female homicides are committed by intimate partners or other family members</a>, only 12 per cent of all male homicides are perpetrated in the private sphere.</p></li></ul><p><br/></p><p><strong>Sexual violence against women and girls</strong></p><ul><li><p><strong>Non-partner sexual violence: </strong>Globally, <a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240022256">6 per cent of women report they have been subjected to sexual violence from someone other than their husband or partner</a>. However, the true prevalence of non-partner sexual violence is likely to be much higher, considering the particular stigma surrounding this form of violence.</p></li><li><p><strong>Adolescent girls at risk of sexual violence</strong>: Around <a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://data.unicef.org/resources/a-familiar-face/">15 million adolescent girls worldwide, aged 15–19 years, have experienced forced sex</a>.<strong> </strong>In the vast majority of countries, adolescent girls are most at risk of forced sex (forced sexual intercourse or other sexual acts) by a current or former husband, partner, or boyfriend. Based on data from 30 countries, <a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://data.unicef.org/resources/a-familiar-face/">only one per cent have ever sought professional help</a>.</p><p><br/></p></li></ul><p><strong>Human trafficking and exploitation of women</strong></p><ul><li><p>In 2020,&nbsp;<a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://www.unodc.org/unodc/data-and-analysis/glotip.html">for every 10 victims of human trafficking detected globally, four were adult women and two were girls</a>.</p></li><li><p><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://www.unodc.org/unodc/data-and-analysis/glotip.html">Ninety-one per cent of trafficking victims for sexual exploitation are females</a>. Analysis of court cases shows that female victims are subjected to physical or extreme violence at the hands of traffickers at a rate three times higher than males.</p></li></ul><p><br/></p><p><strong>Technology-facilitated violence against women and girls</strong></p><ul><li><p><a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2014/violence-against-women-eu-wide-survey-main-results-report">One in 10 women in the<strong> European Union</strong></a><strong> </strong>report having experienced cyber-harassment since the age of 15. This included having received unwanted and/or offensive sexually explicit emails or SMS messages, or offensive and/or inappropriate advances on social networking sites.</p></li><li><p>In the <strong>Arab States</strong>, a regional study found that <a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://arabstates.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/publications/2021/11/violence-against-women-in-the-online-space">60 per cent of women internet users in the region had been exposed to online violence</a> in the past year.</p></li><li><p>In the <strong>Western Balkans and Eastern Europe</strong> countries, <a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://eca.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/publications/2023/11/the-dark-side-of-digitalization-technology-facilitated-violence-against-women-in-eastern-europe-and-central-asia">more than half of women present online in the region</a> have experienced some form of technology-facilitated violence in their lifetime.</p></li><li><p>In <strong>Uganda</strong>, in 2021, about <a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://africa.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/publications/2021/12/national-survey-on-violence-in-uganda---violence-against-women-and-girls">half of the women (49%)</a> reported to have ever been involved in online harassment.</p></li><li><p>According to a 2016 survey by the <strong>Korean National Human Rights Commission</strong>, <a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://www.humanrights.go.kr/download/BASIC_ATTACH?storageNo=1068506">85 per cent of women experienced hate speech online</a>.</p></li></ul><p><br/></p><p>The paradigm is bleak. We must keep fighting to break stigma, to end the cycle of violence, and to foster gender equality and education. </p><p><br/></p><p>On a more artistic note, this poem by Adrienne Rich describes the plight of women in a male-dominated world:</p><p><br/></p><p><strong>From Adrienne Rich Diving into the Wreck, Poems 1971-1972 "Rape"</strong></p><p><br/></p><p>There is a cop who is both prowler and father:</p><p>he comes from your block, grew up with your brothers, had certain ideals. </p><p>You hardly know him in his boots and silver badge, </p><p>on horseback, one hand touching his gun.</p><p><br/></p><p>You hardly know him but you have to get to know him, he has access to</p><p>machinery that could kill you. </p><p>He and his stallion clop like warlords among the trash, his ideals stand in </p><p>the air, a frozen cloud</p><p>from between his unsmiling lips.</p><p><br/></p><p>And so, when the time comes, you have to turn to him, the maniac's </p><p>sperm still greasing your thighs,</p><p>your mind whirling like crazy. You have to confess</p><p>to him, you are guilty of the crime</p><p>of having been forced.</p><p><br/></p><p>And you see his blue eyes, the blue eyes of all the family whom you used</p><p>to know, grow narrow and glisten,</p><p>his hand types out the details</p><p>and he wants them all</p><p>but the hysteria in your voice pleases him best.</p><p><br/></p><p>You hardly know him but now he thinks he knows you: he has taken</p><p>down your worst moment</p><p>on a machine and filed it in a file. </p><p>He knows, or thinks he knows, how much you imagined; he knows, or</p><p>thinks he knows, what you secretly wanted.</p><p><br/></p><p>He has access to machinery that could get you put away; and if, in the </p><p>sickening light of the precinct, </p><p>and if, in the sickening light of the precinct, </p><p>your details sound like a portrait of&nbsp;your&nbsp;confessor.</p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2025-03-07 18:44:59 UTC</pubDate>
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