Infant/Toddler Final Review by

Infant/Toddler Final Review by https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3 Questions from Review en-us 2016-11-14 19:00:54 UTC 2025-12-02 05:15:13 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Babyhead.png 1. How can caregivers support a child who is hesitant to have their diaper changed? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137509430 -Involve them
-Warn them
-Give them time for transition]]> 2016-11-14 19:03:16 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137509430 2. List 3 guidelines for singing songs with infants and toddlers. hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137509560 -All throughout the day
-Relevant to their lives
-Repetition
-Catchy tune
-use props]]> 2016-11-14 19:03:32 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137509560 3. What is the difference between loving and spoiling? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137509650 -Love: warm, unhurried, responsive, consistent care
-Spoiling: only possible in toddler years through material needs and giving into wants. ]]> 2016-11-14 19:03:45 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137509650 4. How do you know when a baby is ready to be introduced to solid foods? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137509828 -Baby is sitting up independently
- Tongue protrusion disappears
-showing interest in food

-Worst predictor "seems hungry". Babies should be fed on demand. ]]> 2016-11-14 19:04:04 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137509828 5. Describe the major developments in the human brain between 0 and 3 years of age. hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137509968 -Creation of neurons
-creation of synapses ]]> 2016-11-14 19:04:22 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137509968 6. What advice/support could you give a mother who has made the decision to wean her baby from the breast or bottle? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137510103 -ask what they've considered
-What has she read to make this decision?
-Give the benefits
-Have a conversation about why]]> 2016-11-14 19:04:40 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137510103 7. What is the average age of weaning from the breast worldwide? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137510231 3.4 years old]]> 2016-11-14 19:04:55 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137510231 8. List 5 strategies for expanding the food repertoire of a picky eater? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137510383 -Realize that it's an adaptive strategy]]> 2016-11-14 19:05:14 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137510383 9. What is separation anxiety? What cognitive development is it related to? What age does it occur at? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137510507 -Separation anxiety is a normal part of infantile development that indicates a strong and successful bond between the baby and their caregiver. It starts around 8 months when a baby starts to develop object permanence, that is the awareness that objects that are hidden still exist.]]> 2016-11-14 19:05:29 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137510507 10. At what age does symbolic or make believe play emerge, according to Piaget? What does it look like when it first emerges? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137510621 Stage 6 of the sensori-motor sub stages which is 18-24 months. It is using symbols to represent objects and that symbols are separate from objects by using deferred imitation. Deferred imitation is when a baby reenacts familiar scenarios they have seen on a daily basis such as dressing. ]]> 2016-11-14 19:05:43 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137510621 11. Given what you have learned about separation anxiety, what are some considerations for planning the greeting area within the classroom? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137538425 -Comfortable areas
-Windows to see caregiver come and go
-Pictures of the family- also promotes diversity
-Soft and homey]]> 2016-11-14 20:09:33 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137538425 12. Familiarity can comfort young children who are having difficulty being away from home. List 5 things you can include in the room to give the children a sense of belonging. hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137538906 1. Comfort object from home
2. Pictures of families]]> 2016-11-14 20:10:58 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137538906 13. List 5 resources for supporting literacy and mathematical understandings (for a total of 10) in an infant room, and then for a toddler room. Why did you pick these? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137538996 Math
1. Rainshakers- speed
2. Music
3. different weighted objects
4. Different sizes of balls
5. Labels-categorization
Literacy
1. DAP Books
2. Pictures on the wall
3. Labels/symbols]]> 2016-11-14 20:11:13 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137538996 14. Write a policy statement on why parents of infants and toddlers should never sneak out. hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137539291 -Develops trust
-Helps child to be social
-Child will have more issues with separating ]]> 2016-11-14 20:12:00 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137539291 15. How can teachers help parents with toddler separation? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137539350 2016-11-14 20:12:12 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137539350 16. How can we help the parent that is threatened by their child’s attachment to the teacher? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137539565 -Increases the child's ability to love when they have experiences with people who are able to love
-increases tolerances for differences when exposed to people who don't think or act the same]]> 2016-11-14 20:12:40 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137539565 17. What can you say to a parent who wants to begin toilet learning her 15 month old daughter? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137540336 -Ask the parents if they've noticed any indications of being ready such as staying dry for a couple hours, being uncomfortable when dirty, can successfully walk to the toilet and sit by herself, expressing needs, wants to please and wants to be independent
-Tell her it takes on average 3-6 months to complete ]]> 2016-11-14 20:14:56 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137540336 18. List 20 Developmentally Inappropriate Practices for infants and toddlers! hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137540672 1. Circle time
2. Calendars
3. Shaming
4. Letting them cry it out
5. Themes
6. 30 minute circle
7. Singing about things that aren't present
8. Forcing sensori-motor activities]]> 2016-11-14 20:15:55 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137540672 19. How do the 10 principles of respect relate to promoting a healthy attachment? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137540861 1. Involve infants/toddlers in things that concern them. Don’t work around them or distract them to get the job done faster

2. Invest in quality time, when you are totally available to individual infants and toddlers. Don’t settle for supervising groups without focusing on individual children

3. Learn each child’s unique way of communicating and teach them yours.

4. Invest time and energy to build a total person, don’t focus on cognitive development alone.

5. Respect infants and toddlers as worthy people. Don’t treat them as objects or cute empty minds.

6. Be honest about your feelings around infants and toddlers

7. Model the behaviour you want to teach

8. Recognize problems as learning opportunities and let them try to solve their own.

9. Build security by teaching trust

10. Be concerned about the quality of development in each stage. Don’t rush infants and toddlers to reach developmental milestones.
-Attachment is the history of your relationship

]]> 2016-11-14 20:16:24 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137540861 20. How does brain development relate to the development of attachment? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137540983 -Children grow in the context of trusting environment
-Neural connections are strong when an infant feels attachment]]> 2016-11-14 20:16:42 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137540983 21. How do babies begin to learn to make sounds? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137541107 2016-11-14 20:17:03 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137541107 22. How do they learn to speak? What kinds of sounds do they make along the way? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137541193 -Crying: indicating needs
-Cooing and gurgling: 9-20 weeks, coos are vowel sounds
-Sustained laughter: 16 weeks
-Babbling: 2-3 months: consonant sounds
-Receptive language: understanding what people are saying to them
-Expressive language: first word at 12-18 months
-Telegraphic speech: strings 2 words together into a sentence
-Fast mapping]]> 2016-11-14 20:17:19 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137541193 23. How do parents and teachers support language development? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137541311 -Talk about experiences and relate them to the baby's life]]> 2016-11-14 20:17:42 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137541311 24. How does the growing ability for representational thinking impact our teaching strategies? What is fast mapping? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137541451 -Easy to remember if they're salient
-implicit learning of a word
-Babies pick up words by attaching meaning to a word based by context
-Assume you're talking about the word they don't know
-Knowing a child can think with representational ways: gives us more to work with because we're able to see interests which allows you to change teaching strategies
-More dramatic play
-Use props in music activities
-felt boards]]> 2016-11-14 20:18:03 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137541451 25. What are the pragmatics of language babies and toddlers need to learn? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137542199 -Pragmatics are the rules of language (ie. turn taking, eye contact, listening)
-Knowing that you don't talk to a baby the same way you talk to a four year old]]> 2016-11-14 20:20:08 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137542199 26. What makes sensori-motor children different from pre-operational children? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137542355 -Symbolic thought]]> 2016-11-14 20:20:38 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137542355 27. List 20 things you should not do with infants because of their reliance on sensori-motor experiences. hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137542512 1. Rush children in transitions
2. Limit free play time
3. Not provide adequate materials
4. Give overstimulating materials
5. discourage exploration]]> 2016-11-14 20:21:03 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137542512 28. What are the 6 substages of Sensori-Motor Development. hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137542757 1. Reflexes (0-1 m): explores basic reflexes such as sucking.
2. Primary circular reactions (1-4 months): combines reflexes and actions within own body.
3. Secondary circular reactions (4-8 months): uses action schemas to repeat actions outside the body, starting to develop object permanence.
4. Coordination of secondary schemas (8-12 months): intentional planning
5. Tertiary circular reactions (12-18 months): Combining random actions
6. Representational thought (18-24 months): deferred imitation ]]> 2016-11-14 20:21:44 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137542757 29. Write 2 new examples for each sub stage of motor development and check them for correctness with a classmate. hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137542850 2016-11-14 20:22:04 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137542850 30. How does the needs of the sensori-motor learner impact what kinds of activities you can do? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137542933 -make activities tangible
-think about textures
-think about choking hazards
-think about experiences you can provide]]> 2016-11-14 20:22:21 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137542933 31. Describe the 4 stages of attachment. hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137543070 1. Indiscriminate attachment (0-12 weeks)
-Pre-attachment: goes to any adult who provides care
-Preferential Response: prefers familiar adults
2. Discriminate attachment (10-8 months)
-Has a preference but no object permanence. Friendliness to unfamiliar people goes away.
3. Clear Attachment (18-24 months)
-Separation anxiety: fearful of caregiver leaving
-Stranger anxiety: nervous around unknown people
4. Reciprocal relationships (24 months and beyond):understand and predict routines which stabilizes anxiety]]> 2016-11-14 20:22:41 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137543070 32. How do you promote a healthy attachment between you and a baby? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137543148 -Through warm, unhurried, consistent responses
-Meeting the child's needs without hesitation (not letting them 'cry it out')
-Engaging in positive interactions
-Close physical touch]]> 2016-11-14 20:22:56 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137543148 33. How can you help parents promote a healthy attachment? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137543293 Not rushing arrival and departure, respecting the bond the child has to the caregiver, modelling positive a/c interactions]]> 2016-11-14 20:23:27 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137543293 34. What are the “best practices” for promoting attachment? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137543444 -Warm
-Unhurried
-Consistent
-Responsive
-Following infant attachment cycle
-Giving babies a clear cut goodbye when leaving]]> 2016-11-14 20:23:57 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137543444 35. What are the benefits of having a strong attachment: as a toddler, as a preschoolers, as an elementary school child, as a teen and as an adult? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137543560 2016-11-14 20:24:17 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137543560 36. Define object permanence, separation anxiety, and stranger anxiety. How do they develop? How do they relate to one another? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137543688 -Object permanence develops as a baby realizes that things still exist even when they cannot be observed. This happens around 8 months when the baby has gone through secondary circular reaction (Piaget's substages) and discriminate attachment phase.
-Separation anxiety develops when a baby has formed an attachment with a caregiver and develops object permanence to be aware that they aren't there.
-Stranger anxiety describes a baby's fear of being around unfamiliar people and seeks proximity to familiar people. This is also related to object permanence.
-All these stages serve to protect the baby from potential threat of unknown caregivers and reinforce the bond between the child and their primary caregiver. ]]> 2016-11-14 20:24:41 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137543688 37. How is temperament defined? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137543785 -How a person approaches their world and influences behaviour to objects and people in their environment. ]]> 2016-11-14 20:24:59 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137543785 38. Describe the 9 temperament factors. hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137544021 1. Intensity- the amount of energy exhibited in emotional expression
2. Mood- the quality of emotional expression
3. Persistence- the extent of continuation of behaviour with or without interruption
4. Distractability- the ease of being interrupted
5. Activity Level- the amount of physical motion exhibited during play
6. Initial Reaction- response to novel situations
7. Adaptability- the ease of changing behaviour in a socially desirable direction
8.Sensitivity- the degree to which a person responds to stimuli
9. Regularity- the extent to which patterns are consistent or inconsistent.

]]> 2016-11-14 20:25:28 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137544021 39. Name and describe the 3 temperament groupings? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137544218 -Flexible: Formerly known as easy going. This child is not concerned by changes.
-Fearful: Used to be slow to warm. These children need time to adapt to changes and may want to see others do something before they try.
-Fiesty: Formerly difficult. These children are very active and intense. Resistant to change. ]]> 2016-11-14 20:25:47 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137544218 40. Describe how an ECE changes “adjusts the fit” to accommodate differences in temperament in each of the daily components of a typical day for infants and for toddlers. hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137544350 -Accept children for their temperament without punishment or judgement
-give sufficient warning before transitions
-limit transitions
-accommodate interactions for each child
-notice what goes well
-Adjust]]> 2016-11-14 20:26:10 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137544350 41. What are the recommendations about how long babies should be breastfed? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137544435 Infants should be breastfed for at least 3-4 months, but it can beneficial for up to two years and beyond. ]]> 2016-11-14 20:26:31 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137544435 42. What are the benefits of breast feeding? Why do doctors promote it? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137544550 -Promotes bonding
-no temptation to prop up a bottle (suffocation risk)
-Reduces breast cancer by 4%/year
-Releases oxytocin
-No cost
-Improves IQ by 10 points
-Boosts infant immune system]]> 2016-11-14 20:26:53 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137544550 43. If breastfeeding is not an option, what kind of milk can be given instead? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137544736 - Iron fortified formula until 9-12 months, then you can introduce pasteurized whole milk.
-It is not safe for a baby to drink 2% or lower until 2 years of age ]]> 2016-11-14 20:27:22 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137544736 44. When can whole milk be introduced? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137544835 9 months old unless the baby is lactose intolerant.]]> 2016-11-14 20:27:39 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137544835 45. When can solids be introduced? Which ones do you start with? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137544904 Solids can be introduced at around 6 months of age. Start with cereals, preferably rice which is a low allergen risk and then try a new type of cereal every two weeks, noticing reactions.
-When cereal is first introduced, it should be runny enough to drink, then it should become more solid as the baby becomes used to it.
-Fruits and veggies: start with vegetables before fruits.
-Meat: no need to introduce until the baby is walking. ]]> 2016-11-14 20:27:53 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137544904 46. What are the developmentally appropriate practices associated with feeding infants? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137545034 -Close physical touch during formula feedings
-Waiting until the child is ready to introduce solids
-Allowing the child to practice feeding themselves
-Being okay with messes and time usage
-Modelling healthy eating habits
-making it a social experience
-describing what they are doing]]> 2016-11-14 20:28:24 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137545034 47. What are the components of the day for infants, and for toddlers? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137545139 Infants and toddlers share a similar schedule with the exception of group time. They need to spend at least two hours outdoors daily
Infants:
-Arrival, outdoor time, meal time, free play, rest time and departure
Toddlers:
-Arrival, outdoor time, meal time, free play, rest time, group time and departure. ]]> 2016-11-14 20:28:46 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137545139 48. How do we balance the needs of the infant, the parents and the caregivers? Whose needs are put first? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137545224 1st. Look at the needs of the child. They rely on others for care and consistency
2nd. The family schedule, when do the parents work and when are they available.
3rd. Caregivers. Plan based by the needs of the two above.]]> 2016-11-14 20:29:09 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137545224 49. How much sleep do infants and toddlers need? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137545308 Infants need 16-18 hours of sleep a day with 50% REM sleep. They generally have 2 naps and sleep throughout the night.

Toddlers need 10-12 hours of sleep a day with 35% REM Sleep. They take one (or none) and sleep throughout the night]]> 2016-11-14 20:29:31 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137545308 50. What are the considerations for each of the components in a child’s day? hannah_smith38 https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137545387 -When and how will the child's biological needs be fulfilled?
-How is the child feeling physically, emotionally, etc. today?
-What is their temperament?
-Is the child able to do this activity?
-When will parents be available?]]> 2016-11-14 20:29:47 UTC https://padlet.com/hannah_smith38/txbje7sh7my3/wish/137545387