https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54 en-us 2022-11-08 05:07:03 UTC 2022-11-09 22:54:01 UTC hello@padlet.com 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2375553720 The 2nd Great Awakening was a religious revival that swept through the United States in the early 1800s and changed society by empowering women and African-Americans and inspiring other reform movements like Abolition and Women's Rights.]]> 2022-11-08 19:02:26 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2375553720 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2375556393 Gave rise to more religious diversity (but still mostly Christian Denominations, Baptists, Methodists)

Held Revivals-fiery and emotional outdoor sermons focusing on graphic descriptions of Heaven and Hell, focused on the equality of all people in the eyes of God.

Charles Grandson Finney was leading Evangelical (spread the beliefs and convert people) preacher of movement.

First movement to unite all sections of the nation, but took hold less in the rural South (empowered women, African Americans and the anti slavery movement)

]]> 2022-11-08 19:04:27 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2375556393 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2375557749 Charles Finney]]> 2022-11-08 19:05:27 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2375557749 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2375562496 Individualism was a result of a rapid economic growth and geographical expansion. It led to a detachment of ties within caste, class, association, and family. Ralph Waldo Emerson influenced the American Renaissance, where a flourishing of literature and philosophy began. ]]> 2022-11-08 19:08:46 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2375562496 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2375563198 Ralph Waldo Emerson]]> 2022-11-08 19:09:19 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2375563198 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2375581628 With Ralph Waldo Emerson being a leading voice of transcendentalism, embraced human passion and sought deeper insight into the mysteries of existence. There was a belief that people could come to know the infinite and the eternal.

Ralph Waldo Emerson stood outside of the mainstream American Protestantism, rejecting all organized religion. He wrote influential essays that probed the "infinitude of the private man", a radically free person. 

Henry David Thoreau heeded Emerson's call and sought inspiration from the natural world. He published a book after falling into depression. The book acted as an account of his search for meaning beyond the artificiality of civilized society. 

Walt Whitman, who wrote Leaves of Grass, recorded in his verses the efforts to transcend various "invisible boundaries". Due to his Emersonian relation with nature, Whitman claims perfect communion with others, stating that "every atom that belongs to me, belongs to everyone else". ]]> 2022-11-08 19:21:32 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2375581628 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377578909 Between 1820 and 1860, thousands of Americans who grew dissatisfied with life retreated to rural areas, where they sought to create ideal communities that would allow people to live differently and realize their spiritual potential.]]> 2022-11-09 22:05:43 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377578909 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377582885 Rural utopias were symbols of social protest and experimentation. The communalists challenged traditional property rights and gender roles through advocating socialism.

The first successful American communal movement was known as the Shakers. These members embraced the common ownership of property, accepting strict oversight by church leaders and pledging to abstain from alcohol, tobacco, politics, and war.

After the slow of the Shakers' growth during the 1840s, Fourierism flourished as Fourierist socialism promised the liberation of workers from capitalist employers and the "menial and slavish system of Hired Labor or Labor for Wages". ]]> 2022-11-09 22:10:38 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377582885 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377584520 Ann Lee Stanley]]> 2022-11-09 22:12:30 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377584520 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377587405 Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints were religious utopians with a conservative social agenda. Mormonism emerged from religious ferment among families of Puritan descent that believed in a world of wonders and visions of the divine.]]> 2022-11-09 22:16:01 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377587405 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377595818 Brigham Young led 6500 Mormons into Mexican territory where they settled in present-day Utah. After the US acquired Mexico's territories, a Utah Territory was created with Brigham Young being its governor. 

Brigham Young led the polygamist faction of Mormons onto the Mormon Trail, which stretched from Fayette to Salt Lake City.

Reaffirming traditional values, Salt Lake Mormons used strict religious controls to perpetuate patriarchy and communal discipline. 

The First Amendment from 1791 states that Congress is not allowed to make a law that respects an establishment of religion.


]]> 2022-11-09 22:26:18 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377595818 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377596360 Brigham Young]]> 2022-11-09 22:26:59 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377596360 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377602371 Utopian organized communities led to a creation of a new urban culture. Urban growth accelerated as a huge in-migration outweighed the high death rates. Populations rose as both rural and foreign immigrants merged within the countryside.]]> 2022-11-09 22:35:01 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377602371 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377602545 Commercialized sex formed one facet of the new urban culture in newly populous cities. New York had 200 brothels in the 1820s, where so-called "public" women openly advertised their wares on Broadway. 

Minstrelsy began around 1830 when actors put on blackface and performed song and dance routines. The actor-singers "Negro dialect" poked racist fun at African Americans, portraying images of lazy, sensual, and irresponsible beings.

The prominence of women among abolitionists sparked the Women's Rights Movement. Women entered public life by joining religious revivals and reform movements. 

The Temperance Society set out to curb the consumption of alcoholic beverages in 1832, employing group confession and prayer, and using women as spiritual guides.

]]> 2022-11-09 22:35:17 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377602545 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377604590 Group of Minstrelsy performers doing Black-Face.]]> 2022-11-09 22:38:06 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377604590 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377608326 By the 1850s, hundreds of thousands of Irish and German immigrants had begun to flush into New York City, This alarmed many native-born New Yorkers were alarmed by this, creating organizations, gangs, and nativist movements to prevent cultural "corruption"]]> 2022-11-09 22:43:01 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377608326 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377608440 The Know-Nothing Party was formed in opposition to mass immigration in order to combat foreign influences and uphold traditional American values.

German and Irish immigrants accounted for 300,000 men and women in New York City, and their food, signs, religion, and even culture infused the city's neighborhoods.

Due to the alarming influx of ethnically diverse migrants changing the city's culture, anti-immigrant gangs known as the Gangs of B'hoys assaulted Irish youths on the streets.]]> 2022-11-09 22:43:11 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377608440 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377610241 Many women worked to improve prisons and educational systems in the early 1800s. Women like Dorothea Dix and Horace Mann inspired these women to make changes like adding asylums for the mentally ill and lengthening the school year while establishing teaching standards in multiple subjects.]]> 2022-11-09 22:45:39 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377610241 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377610763 Dorothea Dix served as a role model for women working to improve public institutions.

As a result of her alcoholic father's emotional abuse as a child, she grew up to be a compassionate woman with a strong sense of moral purpose, using money from her grandparents to establish charity schools.

When she persuaded Massachusetts lawmakers to expand the state hospital to house indigent mental patients, she began a national movement to establish state asylums for the mentally ill.

While serving as secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education, Horace Mann led a movement to increase elementary school enrollment and improve instructional quality.]]> 2022-11-09 22:46:26 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377610763 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377611419 Dorothea Dix]]> 2022-11-09 22:47:08 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377611419 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377612054 Women's rights activists devised and developed a new method of reform by the mid-1800s. Rather than challenging the institution, they strengthened legal rights and established gathering and brainstorming conventions.]]> 2022-11-09 22:48:08 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377612054 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377612624 In Seneca Falls, New York, two women, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, organized a gathering of women's rights activists that became known as the Seneca Falls Convention.

During the Seneca Falls Convention, a rousing manifesto extending the egalitarian republican ideology of the Declaration of Independence to women was issued.

The Declaration of Sentiments declares that "all men and women are created equal," but throughout history, men have repeatedly injured and wronged women, and there has always been an establishment of an absolute tyranny of a man over a woman.]]> 2022-11-09 22:48:53 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377612624 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377613200 Elizabeth Cady Stanton]]> 2022-11-09 22:49:49 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377613200 1051544 https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377614509 Opposition of mass immigration]]> 2022-11-09 22:51:49 UTC https://padlet.com/1051544/tuo0y6ppvbpr8f54/wish/2377614509