Platform as a service. Platform as a service (PaaS) is a complete development and deployment environment in the cloud, with resources that enable you to deliver everything from simple cloud-based apps to sophisticated, cloud-enabled enterprise applications.

Examples of Platform services:
AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Windows Azure, Heroku, Force.com, Google App Engine, Apache Stratos, OpenShift

Google App Engine
Google offers its App Engine as part of the Google Cloud ecosystem. It’s intended to be a highly scalable serverless PaaS used for rapid deployment. Google, being the giant it is, can provision highly capable servers capable of coping with almost any volume of query.

2. Nextcloud

3. Seafile

4. Pydio

5. Ceph

6. Syncany

7. Cozy

8. GlusterFS

9. Git-annex

10. Yandex.Disk

11. XigmaNAS

12. Yunohost

13. Sandstorm

14. Syncthing

15. Tonido

16. Cloud Storage Server

  

For authentication and authorization of clients, the Shared File Systems Storage service can optionally be configured with different network authentication protocols. Supported authentication protocols are LDAP, Kerberos, and Microsoft Active directory authentication service.
Introduction to security services¶
After creating a share and getting its export location, users have no permissions to mount it and operate with files. The Shared File System service requires to explicitly grant access to the new share.
The client configuration data for authentication and authorization (AuthN/AuthZ) can be stored by security services. LDAP, Kerberos, or Microsoft Active directory can be used by the Shared File Systems service if they are supported by used drivers and back ends. Authentication services can also be configured without the Shared File Systems service.
Note
In some cases, it is required to explicitly specify one of the security services, for example, NetApp, EMC and Windows drivers require Active Directory for the creation of shares with the CIFS protocol.
Security services management¶
A security service is the Shared File Systems service (manila) entity that abstracts a set of options that defines a security domain for a particular shared file system protocol, such as an Active Directory domain or a Kerberos domain. The security service contains all of the information necessary for the Shared File Systems to create a server that joins a given domain.
Using the API, users can create, update, view and delete a security service. Security Services are designed basing on the following assumptions:

While creating a security service, you can select one of these authentication services:

Authentication service
DescriptionLDAP | The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. An application protocol for accessing and maintaining distributed directory information services over an IP network.
Kerberos | The network authentication protocol which works on the basis of tickets to allow nodes communicating over a non-secure network to prove their identity to one another in a secure manner.
Active Directory | A directory service that Microsoft developed for Windows domain networks. Uses LDAP, Microsoft’s version of Kerberos, and DNS.
The Shared File Systems service allows you to configure a security service with these options:

An existing security service entity can be associated with share network entities that inform the Shared File Systems service about security and network configuration for a group of shares. You can also see the list of all security services for a specified share network and disassociate them from a share network.

For details of managing security services via API, see the Security services API. You also can manage security services via python-manilaclient, see Security services CLI managing.

An administrator and users as share owners can manage the access to the shares by creating access rules with authentication though an IP address, user, group, or TLS certificates. Authentication methods depend on which share driver and security service you configure and use.

Thus, as an administrator, you can configure a back end to use specific authentication service via network and it will store users. The authentication service can operate with clients without the Shared File System and the Identity service.

There are several productivity tools in Microsoft Office that can help users optimize their workday. These include being able to access files on different devices through OneDrive, sending automated meeting reminders to the invitees through Outlook, or collaborating through Teams.

Google offers its work productivity suite with a similar set of applications to Microsoft Office. Users can create, edit, and collaborate on documents simultaneously. The documents can also be downloaded to a local drive or accessed in an offline mode and opened in the widely used Microsoft Office suite.

Teamviewer allows complete remote access and control for desktop and mobile applications. Using TeamViewer, users can remotely access their computers or mobile devices that are located anywhere in the world. They can also allow others access to the computer or mobile device.

With Monday.com, businesses can create their own work management flows that integrate with multiple software platforms. Monday.com can be used to manage teams and projects by creating custom workflows or using any of 200+ pre-built templates.

PipeDrive is a customer relationship management (CRM) software that can be used to collect and organize valuable customer information, send mass emails, set up automatic triggers and reminders, allow customers to digitally sign documents, and several other tools to boost productivity.

One of the most popular communication protocols is XMPP or Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol. It's an open-source protocol used in instant messaging applications and social networking services. XMPP is even used in Internet of Things applications, among other things.


Most common email protocols: POP3, IMAP, and SMTP.

While POP3 and IMAP and other protocols can be used to retrieve email, there's only really one email protocol for sending email, SMTP.

Post Office Protocol, or POP version 3, is an email protocol that downloads email from an email server onto your local device. It then deletes the email from the email server. If you want to retrieve your email through POP3, you can only view it from one device.

There are a few reasons why you might want to use POP3 to get your email. If you need to keep your email storage under a certain quota, POP3 is a good way to maintain that storage limitation.

Another benefit of POP3 is privacy. Your email can only be seen from your local device. If storage limitations and security are a concern for you, you might want to consider using POP3 over something like IMAP.

IMAP, or internet message access protocol, allows you to download emails from your email server onto multiple devices. It keeps your messages on the email server. This email protocol is one of the more popular ways to retrieve email. Last up is simple mail transfer protocol, or SMTP, which is a protocol used for sending emails. 

While POP3 and IMAP and other protocols can be used to retrieve email, there's only really one email protocol for sending email, SMTP.

Email operates across computer networks, primarily the Internet, and also local area networks. Today's email systems are based on a store-and-forward model. Email servers accept, forward, deliver, and store messages. Neither the users nor their computers are required to be online simultaneously; they need to connect, typically to a mail server or a webmail interface to send or receive messages or download it.

From a process perspective, it helps to understand how printing works so that you can better manage and better troubleshoot printing problems. The way printing works depends on the data type of the printer driver being used.

Gmail is the most used and popular email service provider with over 1.2 billion users all around the world. 

Features:

Gmail has consistent incorporation with other Google services such as Google Docs, Google Drive, and Google Calendar.

Google works for all types of clients; however, it helps androids clients the most. Android clients have the Google play store and require a Gmail account to download applications.

Gmail offers versatile applications, abundant storage space (free and paid), incredible uptime, rich content editing, and prime spam security. You can access Gmail from any gadget. 

Pricing:

‍Gmail is initially free to use, but there are three pricing plans for the G suite, basic, business, and enterprise. 

Basic is for $5 per user/month

Business is for $10 per user/month

Enterprise is for $25 per user/month.

Each plan comes with different storage space, support, and access to other applications. 

Email address format example: ‍‍mynameajeff@gmail.com

Outlook was initially founded as Hotmail by Microsoft. Outlook is Microsoft’s web-based suite of webmail contacts, calendars, and tasks. 

Features:

Outlook has over 400 million users worldwide and is considered to be Gmail's biggest competition.

Android users are not limited to using Gmail only. Popular players like Xbox, Windows, Skype, etc., also use Outlook for their emails.

One of the most appreciated features of Outlook is it's Focused Inbox. Outlook prioritizes the emails you receive from your most important contacts.

Plus, it also offers great integration with other Microsoft products and is very user-friendly.

However, it sometimes takes a while to process, and due to the focused inbox, important emails can sometimes be put into spam. 

There’s one downside to using Outlook - it does not track your emails.

Pricing:

Outlook is initially free to use, but Outlook premium has two pricing plans. 

Office 365 Home is priced at $99.99 per year

Office 365 Personal is priced at $69.99.

You can pay more to increase the mailbox size. 

Email address format example: jefftime@outlook.com or jeffinout@hotmail.com

AOL is a free web-based email service that Verizon acquired in 2015. 

Features:

This ESP is a very straightforward email service that can be used just to send and receive emails.

It comes with virus protection; you can use AOLs panels to stay organized. 

AOL also comes with their unique reading pane mode, in which you can read an email without leaving your inbox; you can also prompt the email to appear on the side.

AOL supports both POP and IMAP protocols. AOL allows you to download emails and view them when you are offline. 

AOL is not fancy but is perfect for basic email functionality. The best feature it offers is its unlimited storage. 

However, when using AOL, you will come across man ads that aggravate after a while.

AOL only allows you to attach files stored locally and does not support attaching a file from online storage. 

Email address format example: jefftothelimit@aol.com or maxmimumjeffage@aim.com

Firewalls filter the traffic on your network. They work to prevent and block unauthorized internet traffic and manage authorized access within your network.

Network segmentation divides a network into multiple sections, and each section then acts as their own individual networks. The administrator is able to control the access to each smaller network while improving performance, localizing issues, and boosting security.

Access control gives you the ability to grant or deny access to individual users based on their responsibilities within your network. This will define a person or group's access to a specific application and system on the network and prevent any unauthorized use.

A remote access virtual private network (VPN) provides integrity and privacy of information by utilizing endpoint compliance scanning, multi-factor authentication (MFA), and transmitted data encryption. The remote access VPN is typically provided for telecommuters, extranet consumers, or mobile users.

The Zero Trust Network grants specific access to an individual user based on the exact role they play within the network. Each individual is only granted access to certain processes or applications they need to complete their job successfully.

XMPP (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) is one of the most popular communication protocols. It’s an open source protocol used in instant messaging applications, social networking services, and even used in Internet of Things applications. A few popular and free applications that use XMPP are Pidgin and Adium. 

Cloud architecture is the way technology components combine to build a cloud, in which resources are pooled through virtualization technology and shared across a network. The components of a cloud architecture include: A front-end platform (the client or device used to access the cloud) 

The components of a cloud architecture include:

CUPS manages print jobs and queues and provides network printing using the standard Internet Printing Protocol (IPP), while offering support for a very large range of printers, from dot-matrix to laser and many in between. CUPS also supports PostScript Printer Description (PPD) and auto-detection of network printers, and features a simple web-based configuration and administration tool.

Speed
The majority of cloud services are offered as self-serve, pay-as-you-go, enabling you to provision large quantities of computing resources in a matter of minutes.

Scalability
Cloud computing gives you the flexibility to access resources right when they’re needed. Rather than having a single threshold, set specified parameters to scale your capacity when demand increases and pump on the brakes when demand decreases.

Security
Most cloud platforms offer an array of policies, technologies, and controls that protect your apps, data, and infrastructure from threats - thus enhancing your overall security stance.

Reliable
Backup your environments in the cloud and get on-demand access to your data to avoid any unnecessary downtime

While the temptation may be to take a conservative, safe route and keep everything in house, the cloud's promise of a quantum leap in flexibility and security make it imperative for enterprises to contemplate a move to a cloud-based procurement software.

The top five network security tools include:

The importance of cloud technology is even more apparent when we look at the performance gap that already exists between enterprise technology leaders and laggards. Almost overnight, the gap has widened. Leaders who invested in cloud technology as part of their digital transformation journeys have been able to adjust their supply chains and ways of buying at speed. They carry less fixed IT costs, making it possible to cut expenses far quicker than laggards who have been slow to migrate to the cloud. These laggards are now aggressively partnering to re-focus, control costs and catch up.

Identity and access management (IAM)
Identity and access management (IAM) tools and services allow enterprises to deploy policy-driven enforcement protocols for all users attempting to access both on-premises and cloud-based services. The core functionality of IAM is to create digital identities for all users so they can be actively monitored and restricted when necessary during all data interactions

Data loss prevention (DLP)
Data loss prevention (DLP) services offer a set of tools and services designed to ensure the security of regulated cloud data. DLP solutions use a combination of remediation alerts, data encryption, and other preventative measures to protect all stored data, whether at rest or in motion.

Security information and event management (SIEM)
Security information and event management (SIEM) provides a comprehensive security orchestration solution that automates threat monitoring, detection, and response in cloud-based environments. Using artificial intelligence (AI)-driven technologies to correlate log data across multiple platforms and digital assets, SIEM technology gives IT teams the ability to successfully apply their network security protocols while being able to quickly react to any potential threats.

Business continuity and disaster recovery
Regardless of the preventative measures organizations have in place for their on-premise and cloud-based infrastructures, data breaches and disruptive outages can still occur. Enterprises must be able to quickly react to newly discovered vulnerabilities or significant system outages as soon as possible. Disaster recovery solutions are a staple in cloud security and provide organizations with the tools, services, and protocols necessary to expedite the recovery of lost data and resume normal business operations.

1. Select the system which is to be the printer server

2. Connect the printer to the printer server and turn on the power to the printer. Consult the printer vendor's installation documentation for information about the hardware switches and cabling requirements

3. Start Solaris Print Manager on the printer server where you connected the printer

4. See "How to Start Solaris Print Manager" for instructions

5. Select New Attached Printer from the Printer menu. The New Attached Printer window is displayed

6. Fill in the window. If you need information to complete a field, click the Help button.

Click OK

7. Verify that the printer has been installed by checking for the new printer entry in the Solaris Print Manager main window. Verify the printer can print requests by using the following command:

$ lp -d printer-name filename

8. Exit Solaris Print Manager. Choose Exit from the Print Manager Menu

The endpoints used in platform services are created and maintained by tenant users in the Tenant Manager; however, if a tenant has issues configuring or using platform services, you might be able to use the Grid Manager to help resolve the issue.

If the destination encounters an issue that prevents it from accepting platform services messages, the client operation on the bucket succeeds, but the platform services message is not delivered. For example, this error might happen if credentials are updated on the destination such that StorageGRID can no longer authenticate to the destination service.

If platform services messages cannot be delivered because of an unrecoverable error, the Total Events (SMTT) alarm is triggered in the Grid Manager.

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is an internet standard communication protocol for electronic email transmission. Mail servers and other message transfer agents use SMTP to send and receive mail messages. User-level email clients typically use SMTP only for sending messages to a mail server. For retrieving messages, IMAP, which replaced the older POP3, is standard (but proprietary servers also often implement proprietary protocols, e.g., Exchange ActiveSync). 

SMTP's origins began in 1980, building on concepts implemented on the ARPANET since 1971. It has been updated, modified and extended multiple times; the protocol version in common use today has extensible structure with various extensions for authentication, encryption, binary data transfer, and internationalized email addressing (a process that enables email addresses in different languages and scripts to work properly when sending and receiving emails). 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol

Shipping stores like FedEx & UPS have already taken advantage of the Internet of Things by providing cloud printing services in-store from Kiosks. These services allow printing directly from your Dropbox, Google Docs, and ePRINTit apps.

Because SAAS applications don’t have access to a company’s internal systems, they predominantly offer integration protocol and APIs, also known as Application Programming Interfaces. 

How do APIs work?
When you use an application on your mobile phone, the application connects to the Internet and sends data to a server. The server then retrieves that data, interprets it, performs the necessary actions and sends it back to your phone. The application then interprets that data and presents you with the information you wanted in a readable way. All of this happens via API.

API protocols are usually based on HTTP, REST, and SOAP, and operate over a wide area network.

The different open integration protocols of SAAS are HTTP, REST, and SOAP:

HTTP, or Hypertext Transfer Protocol, is an application protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web. With HTTP, users can easily access resources with a tap of the screen or by clicking on hyperlinks using their mouse.
messages to a mail server.

Representational State Transfer or REST is a software architectural style that defines a set of constraints to be used for creating web services. Web services that use the REST architectural style are called RESTful web services. RESTful web services allow the requesting systems to access and manipulate textual representations of web resources by using a uniform and predefined set of stateless operations.

REST was designed specifically for working with components such as media components, files, and objects on a particular hardware.

SOAP, or Simple Object Access Protocol, is a messaging protocol specification for exchanging structured info in the implementation of web services in computer networks. It uses XML Information Set for its message format. SOAP was designed before REST came into the picture. The main goal behind SOAP was to ensure that programs built on different platforms and programming languages could exchange data easily.

This is why SOAP only works with XML formats while REST works with plain text, XML, HTML, and JSON. SOAP also needs more bandwidth, whereas REST does not use much. Finally, SOAP cannot make use of REST while REST can make use of SOAP.

Comparison: 
Companies use SOAP when applications demand higher level of security. REST is used for communication failures and other data-related tasks.
While SOAP is like using an envelope that contains lots of processing information inside it, REST can be compared to a postcard with a URI as a destination address. REST is data-driven and is used to access a resource for certain data, while SOAP is a protocol that is more function-driven.

https://kennected.org/open-integration-protocols-saas/#:~:text=Because%20SAAS%20applications%20don't,over%20a%20wide%20area%20network