timeline of bone formation by Gloria Bingham

1. Cartilage model is made

gbingham4 — 2025-01-28 21:49:52 UTC

Cartilage models are made through condensation of mesenchymal cells, followed by their difference into chondrocytes and secretion of typical cartilage extracellular matrix components.

2. Bone begins to form in mid-diaphysis area and forms bone collar

gbingham4 — 2025-01-28 21:56:01 UTC

The hyaline cartilage "models" becomes infiltrated with blood vessels and osteoblasts and changes into a periosteum. The osteoblasts form a collar of compact bone around the diaphysis.

3. Ossification center is made.

gbingham4 — 2025-01-28 21:58:26 UTC

Osteoblasts penetrate the disintegrating cartilage and replace it with spongy bone. This forms a primary ossification center.

4. cartilage degenerates in the epiphyses.

gbingham4 — 2025-01-28 22:01:12 UTC

The chondrocytes, in the region next to the diaphysis, age and degenerate. Osteoblasts move in and ossify the matrix to form bone.

5. Ossification continues, forms secondary center on bone ends.

gbingham4 — 2025-01-28 22:07:09 UTC

As the bone marrow is slowly formed and populated with cells, additional bone continues to be formed on the periosteal surface of the bone collar. Secondary ossification centers eventually form at the ends of the long bones (epiphyses) through a similar process.

6. Bone continues to replace cartilage from both directions.

gbingham4 — 2025-01-28 22:08:44 UTC

Osteoblasts penetrate the disintegrating cartilage and replace it with spongy bone. This forms a primary ossification center.