Unit 4 Vocab Menu by Cailin Whetstone

Isolationism

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The belief that one's country should keep to themselves and not be involved in other country's affairs

Nativism

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An extreme pride in ones country/believing that your country and its people are superior

Tulsa Massacre

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A massacre in which a white mob attacked black residents and businesses

Communism

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The form of government which ideally promotes the idea that the workers have all the power. The government owns everything and everyone receives the same things.

The Red Scare

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A time in America after the Russian Revolution where Americans feared communists and anarchists infiltrating the country, causing many immigrants to be deported or arrested

Sacco and Vanzetti Case

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Two italian immigrants were arrested and accused of robbery and murder. They were found to be innocent but after 6 years of appeals they were sentenced to death.

Flappers

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Rebellious women in the 1920s who cut their hair, wore shorter dresses, and smoked/drank in order to show they can do things men do and to fight for equality

F. Scott Fitzgerald

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The author of The Great Gatsby. Showed the fight against conformity in the 1920s.

Jazz Age

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The time in America where Jazz music became internationally popular

Prohibition

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The 18th Amendment - the sale of alcohol was banned

Bootleggers/Speakeasies

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People found ways to illegally produce and sell alcohol through hidden bars

Al Capone

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Famous gang leader who made millions off of the illegal sale of alcohol

21st Amendment

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Repealed the 18th Amendment and made the sale of alcohol legal again

Scopes Monkey Trial

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Tennessee banned teachers from teaching evolution in schools, however a biology teacher taught it still and was arrested and put on trial. Sentence was overturned on a technicality

Harlem Renaissance

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A period of time when many African American citizens moved from the south into Harlem. This led to an explosion of many literary, musical, and artistic work

Langston Hughes

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The leader of the Harlem Renaissance. He promoted equality and celebrated African American culture through poems and books.

Credit

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Buying something now and paying for it later

Buying on Margin

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Buying stocks on credit and only buying 10% of the stocks actual value

Stock Speculation

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People would buy and sell stocks quickly to make money quickly

Herbert Hoover

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The president at the beginning of the great depression. He believed the government did not owe the people anything and that businesses are supposed to help. He was not liked.

Black Tuesday

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October 29, 1929 - the stock market crashed due to people selling their stocks without knowing the prices, leading to money being lost.

Great Depression

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The deepest and longest lasting economic downturn in industrialized history.

Shantytowns/Hoovervilles

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Makeshift towns on the outskirts of cities where those who lost their homes would build houses and live. Named after president Hoover

Soup kitchens/Bread lines

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There were lines set up for homeless people and those in need (from the social gospel movement) which got them a meal. It was usually their only meal of the day.

The Dust Bowl

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Farmers were attempting to grow as many crops as they possibly could, and were not shifting their fields and giving the soil a chance to regain nutrients, leading to a huge drought across the states.

Election of 1932

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Herbert Hoover vs Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Hoover argued that the government should not help the people, but businesses should help. FDR introduced the New Deal and believed the government should help and bring relief to the people.

Franklin Delano Roosevelt

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The progressive president during the great depression and wwII. He served 4 terms (14 years) and was well-liked.

The New Deal

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The plan that FDR introduced to help America out of the Depression

AAA

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The Agricultural Adjustment Act. Raised the value of all crops and taxed the produce that companies that bought from farmers.

CCC

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Civilian Conservation Core. This plan would help unemployed young men and put them to work under the conservation service

WPA

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Works Progress Administration. Helped the homeless and unemployed to get jobs. Led to the creation of many streets and roads and gave jobs to many

SSA

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Social Security Act. Social Security board registered citizens for benefits. Helped the elderly, disabled, and children.

FDIC

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Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Insured banks and encouraged citizens to trust the American financial system.

SEC

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Securities and Exchange Commission. Developed rules for the stock market and trade. Forced companies to give essential information and there was no more "buying on margin".

Fireside Chats

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FDR would broadcast a radio show to talk to and explain to the American citizens what he was doing to help them.

Deficit Spending

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Spending more than your income. Creates debt.