Flowchart for Determining and Supporting Language Delays or Difficulties by Brandi Aoki https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z en-us 2024-05-07 15:03:36 UTC 2024-05-09 14:29:16 UTC hello@padlet.com START HERE: Document student struggles and strengths brandiaoki https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2983553400 Taking detailed notes of daily behaviors in addition to tracking assessment data will help teachers find patterns , as well as provide administration, parents, special education or support staff, and medical professionals with details of the child’s condition in class to create a plan (IEP, etc.)]]> 2024-05-07 15:09:20 UTC https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2983553400 Suspect a Language Disability? brandiaoki https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2983554636 Children may show delays in either receptive ability (listening, comprehension) or expressive ability (speaking, gestures). 
  1. Reduced vocabulary (word knowledge and use).
  2. Limited sentence structure (ability to put words and word endings together to form sentences based on the rules of grammar and morphology).
  3. Impairments in discourse (ability to use vocabulary and connect sentences to explain or describe a topic or series of events or have a conversation).
(https://psychcentral.com/disorders/language-disorder#1)


Younger children with DLD may:
  • Be late to put words together into sentences.
  • Struggle to learn new words and make conversation.
  • Have difficulty following directions, not because they are stubborn, but because they do not fully understand the words spoken to them.
  • Make frequent grammatical errors when speaking.
Symptoms common in older children and adults with DLD include:
  • Limited use of complex sentences.
  • Difficulty finding the right words.
  • Difficulty understanding figurative language.
  • Reading problems.
  • Disorganized storytelling and writing.
  • Frequent grammatical and spelling errors.
Behavioral Signs:
-Avoids interactions; shyness
-Does not follow directions
-Frustration during classwork
-Acting out during lessons

Links for additional signs:
All About Expressive Language Disorder
(https://psychcentral.com/disorders/all-about-expressive-language-disorder-symptoms)
]]> 2024-05-07 15:10:10 UTC https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2983554636 Suspect a language difficulty? brandiaoki https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2983556809 Similar signs as those with a language disability BUT…

- Students do not show similar signs in own language (caution that schooling in L1 may not be at the same grade level expectations as L2)
- Students tend to associate with own cultural group
- Shows improvement with time and instruction 
- Exhibits language coping strategies
- Language skills (i.e. speaking and reading) tend to develop at a similar pace
- Shows competency in non-verbal skills on assessments]]> 2024-05-07 15:11:51 UTC https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2983556809 Administration brandiaoki https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2983559381 Share classroom observations with administration. Document all conversations with the family or invite an administrator to sit in on conferences with the family.

If there is a behavioral issue, the school administration will explain the behavior policy to parents.

Administrators may have contacts for families to receive assessments and diagnoses (these services are available through the city).]]> 2024-05-07 15:13:39 UTC https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2983559381 Communication with Parents brandiaoki https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2983561422 Discuss classroom observations with parents to determine whether these signs might be due to a language difficulty.
- Does the family speak a non-school language or multiple languages at home? If the family is multilingual, do they see the same trends in their home language?
  :: If the answer is yes, the student may have a language disability
  :: If the answer is no and the student has no delays in their native language, the student may have a language difficulty and need additional language support in the classroom.]]> 2024-05-07 15:15:06 UTC https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2983561422 Determined language disability brandiaoki https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2984498413 The MEXT, Japan’s ministry of education, states that students who have disabilities are able to enroll in public education (elementary through lower secondary). Students are provided with Individual Teaching Plans that are created in cooperation with parents and caregivers.

However, students are often put into special classrooms and less likely to be included in Japanese public school general classrooms. It is important to help parents advocate for their child for inclusion, as well as encourage them to consult specialist for accommodations and modifications for their child.

]]> 2024-05-08 04:51:16 UTC https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2984498413 Referral to specialist brandiaoki https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2984544102 Refer families to specialists available through the city (low cost options) or private (higher cost options). ]]> 2024-05-08 05:25:24 UTC https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2984544102 Supporting students with language difficulties brandiaoki https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2984546176 Literacy instruction strategies can be built into the curriculum to support ELLs.

Literacy instruction modifications:
- integrating alphabet and phonics instruction
- support vocabulary building by using pictures, objects, etc.
- incorporate read aloud sessions using expressive tone
- check for understanding frequently
- utilize graphic organizers
- simplify sentence structure of word problems and instructions

Accommodations:
- incorporate audiobooks
- use audio recording devices
- allow dictionaries or translation tools

Here are other links for additional ideas to support ELLs in the classroom:

1. Collection of classroom resources, guides, and books
(https://www.colorincolorado.org/article/supporting-ells-mainstream-classroom)

2. Discusses incorporating CRT, translanguaging, differentiation and multiple modalities, content-level literacy instruction, etc.
(https://www.edutopia.org/article/6-essential-strategies-teaching-english-language-learners/)


]]> 2024-05-08 05:27:08 UTC https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2984546176 Support student with language delays in the classroom brandiaoki https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2986167321
  • Indirect treatment and monitoring
    • Provide activities for parents and caregivers to engage in with the child, such as book-sharing and parent-child interaction groups.
    • Check in with the family periodically to monitor language development.
  • Direct intervention, including techniques such as:
    • Expansions—repeating the child’s utterance and adding grammatical and semantic detail.
    • Recasts—changing the mode or voice of the child’s original utterance (for example, declarative to interrogative).
    • Build-ups and breakdowns—the child’s utterance is expanded (built up) and then broken down into grammatical components (break down) and then built up again into its expanded form.
    • Additional supports 
    - seating students away from auditory or visual distractions
    - monitoring sources of background noise (e.g. air vents, playgrounds, hallways, street traffic)
    - establishing a consistent class time structure and routine
    - maintaining the student’s focus and attention
    - ensuring a child is paying attention before giving directions
    - speaking slowly and clearly
    - using sequential words such as “first,” “next,” and “finally 
    - using visual cues and supports to aid comprehension.
    (https://nceo.info/Resources/publications/onlinepubs/PARA/readingandspeech/index.htm#:~:text=Teachers%20can%20improve%20the%20learning,playgrounds%2C%20hallways%2C%20street%20traffic)
    ]]>     2024-05-09 04:41:52 UTC https://padlet.com/brandiaoki/tpmzc5n39cbgcu8z/wish/2986167321