https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1 Emma Strati 100581557 en-us 2020-12-02 23:09:47 UTC 2025-10-27 17:04:37 UTC hello@padlet.com emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982059643 eyewitness identification error is one of the leading factors to wrongful convictions.

The innocence project states it was a contributing cause in approximately 70% of convictions 
overturned through DNA testing.

Stress, emotions, lighting and distance issues, and memory are all reasons why eyewitness evidence is unreliable.

Studies examining cross-race effects show that a person is 1.4 times more likely to remember and correctly identify the face of an individual who is the same race.
 ]]> 2020-12-02 23:30:25 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982059643 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982120461 Confession is powerful evidence of guilt.

People are unwilling to believe someone who confesses to a crime did not actually commit it.

The only protection against having false confessions used in court  is the judge. A judge has the power to deny a confession into evidence.

The Supreme Court of Canada has established a rule all confessions must meet to be admissible in court called Confession Rule- this is the standard of "voluntariness".]]> 2020-12-03 00:06:54 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982120461 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982127186 Mr. Big Strings is a controversial undercover operation developed in the 1990's in Canada. This practice is used in both Canada and Australia, but is banned from countries like Unites States and Britain.

Police officers spend weeks and even months learning about their suspect. They then set up an elaborate fake criminal operation to lure their suspects, often gang related individuals. Once together the head of the gang know as "Mr. Big" will ask the member for a confession to the crime as proof of loyalty. This confession is then used.

]]> 2020-12-03 00:11:06 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982127186 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982134347 For our Criminal justice system to properly work in a timely manner guilty please and plea bargaining are necessary.

It is estimated 95% of cases brought to trial end in plea bargains.

There are many reasons why plea bargains are taken. One example is if someone is facing life in prison for murder if convicted, may decide to accept a reduced sentence or a lesser charge. such as manslaughter to avoid life imprisonment. ]]> 2020-12-03 00:15:37 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982134347 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982140720 Tunnel vision is defined as "a single minded and overly narrow focus on a particular investigation or prosecutorial theory". In some cases police and prosecutors seek evidence that fits their theory opposed to developing a theory based on existing evidence.

Police and prosecutors affected by tunnel vision don't always have bad intentions. They often don't realize they are suffering from its effects. The pressure to solve a crime and ensure the propitiator is "brought to justice" increases this psychological phenomenon.]]> 2020-12-03 00:19:12 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982140720 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982170415 Race and gender play a significant role in wrongful conviction. The New York Innocence Project reports 70% of those exonerated by DNA evidence were racialize persons.

Approximately 61% of the American population are caucasian descent. Racial minorities are at a higher risk of being wrongfully convicted.

In Canada Aboriginal people are overrepresented in the criminal justice system. Statistics Canada shows from 2016 26% of admissions to provincial and territorial correctional services were Indigenous adults. It is important to keep in mind Indigenous adults compromise only 3% of the Canadian adult population. It is reason to believe Indigenous people are wrongfully convicted.


]]> 2020-12-03 00:35:36 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982170415 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982188149 In 1980 DNA analysis was introduced to the Criminal justice system, and has helped exonerate innocent people.

Forensic analysis techniques such as hair microscopy, bite mark comparisons, firearm tool mark analysis, shoe comparison and, blood typing were accepted as reliable but are now under serious scrutiny. Many of these techniques are unreliable and inadmissible as evidence. ]]> 2020-12-03 00:45:44 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982188149 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982216035 Untruthful or innocent testimony can lead to wrongful convictions, especially where there is no concrete evidence.

The Innocent Project states in more than 15% of wrongful conviction cases overturned through DNA testing, an informant testified against the defendant. 

"Jailhouse snich" is the most common form of informant testimony. They are given incentives to testify. Such as a lighter sentence, the withdrawal of criminal charges, or money. The "deal" given to the informant is kept a secrete at trial.]]> 2020-12-03 01:01:45 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982216035 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982261660 Procedural issues relating to how a case is tried can have terrible consequences.

Professional misconduct relates to how police and prosecution handle a case, and the diligence with which the defence is mounted.

Defence counsel can mishandle their clients case. Defence counsel espically those who provide legal service to lower income individuals often through legal aid. They are often overworked and have a much higher case-load than sustainable. Being spread too thin can also lead to mistakes.

Police also face many pressures while investigating high profile cases. This pressure can come from the public, their superiors, the media, and the victims family and friends. Too much pressure can also lead to tunnel vision. ]]> 2020-12-03 01:27:03 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/982261660 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986191503 2020-12-04 00:47:06 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986191503 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986199865 2020-12-04 00:50:47 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986199865 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986219542 2020-12-04 00:59:40 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986219542 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986226927 2020-12-04 01:03:09 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986226927 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986233054 2020-12-04 01:05:59 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986233054 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986237671 The beach where Erin Walsh drove to and where the murder occurred.]]> 2020-12-04 01:08:07 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986237671 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986242356 2020-12-04 01:10:18 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986242356 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986244647 2020-12-04 01:11:18 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986244647 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986248924 2020-12-04 01:13:13 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986248924 emmamariamelanie https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986251816 2020-12-04 01:14:32 UTC https://padlet.com/emmamariamelanie/tjeje6q50tms3co1/wish/986251816