3. Negative impact on traditional farming practice

1) With the emerging of superweeds and superpests, affected farmers are often forced to revert to older and more toxic chemicals and more labor,  which overshadow the promised benefits of GMO technology.
 
Conclusion: GMO food is unethical due to how it results in increasing difficulty of farmers to rear their crops and generate profits

4. Excessive corporate dominance
a) Since the commercial introduction of GMOs, the seed industry has rapidly consolidated, where today, just four companies control almost 60% of the seed market: Monsanto, DuPont, Syngenta and Dow.

Furthermore, by creating a suite of products designed to work together – for example, seeds for crops engineered to withstand Roundup, a possible human carcinogen– these companies are able to control the entire farming cycle and block out competition.
--> At the same time, given that the explosion of herbicide-resistant seeds has given way to herbicide-resistant weeds, fueling the growth of "superweeds" this leaves farmers with no choice but to continue to buy increasingly harsh chemicals, often from the same company to compensate. This sequence of events thus eventually results in the company consolidating an increasing amount of power in the corporate world.

b) Patents: Farmers who buy GMO seeds must pay licensing fees and sign contracts that dictate how they can grow the crop– and even allow seed companies to inspect their farms.

More often than not, GMO seeds are expensive and farmers must buy them each year or else be liable for patent infringement.

Furthermore, patents make independent research on GMOs difficult. Farmers must sign agreements that prohibit them from giving seeds to researchers or carrying out their own research. Meanwhile, researchers cannot conduct studies on GMOs without a license from the seed company, allowing companies to restrict the nature of research on their seeds.

Summary: GMO food is unethical due to how it prevents a just corporate seed market, where everyone has an equal chance to market their goods.

5. 'Unnaturalness' of the technology (religious and moral issues)
Summary: Genetic mutation often goes against the moral standing of many as well as religion, where many believe that it is wrong to genetically modify food since that decision alone as to how food should be like should be left to God alone. Furthermore, it is difficult to test whether, by modifying one genetic trait, another genetic trait would be left alone, which in turn may lead to contamination.