Lake Champlain-Richelieu River Watershed by Cloe Phipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt (US/Canada) en-us 2022-05-30 20:24:59 UTC 2022-06-14 22:07:04 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f3de.png Who does this watershed supply? cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214429101 Around 250,000 people use this water
Major Cities including New York, Vermont, Burlington, and Plattsburgh. 
Roughly 20 million gallons of water are pumped from the lake each day through the 100 public water supplies monitored and regulated by the states and Quebec. About 35 are for the community at large, the others are for motels, restaurants, trailer parks, and other businesses. The Federal Safe Drinking Water Act requires public water be monitored for the levels of 84 contaminants. 
The Quebec portion of the Lake Champlain (where the Richelieu River is) is only about 16% of the watershed.

https://observatoirenature.org/en/richelieu-river/
https://www.lcbp.org/our-goals/clean-water/fishable-swimmable-drinkable/drinking-water/]]> 2022-06-08 03:40:01 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214429101 Drainage cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214432882 Between the Green Mountains in Vermont and the Adriondack Mountains in northeastern New York State.
It flowes though the Richelieu River into Quebec and empties into the Saint Lawrence River. 
https://www.dec.ny.gov/lands/48369.html

]]> 2022-06-08 03:44:44 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214432882 Size cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214433474 Lake Champlain Spans 120 miles and reaches a depth of 400'. At its widest point, the lake is 12 miles across. 
The watershed spans 3,050 square miles

https://www.dec.ny.gov/lands/48369.html
https://www.uvm.edu/seagrant/about/lake-champlain-watershed]]> 2022-06-08 03:45:29 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214433474 Excess Nutrients cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214450098 Sewage, manure, urban stormwater, inorganic fertilizer, and sediment-bound phosphorus from eroded fields, rural roads, and streambanks. 

Harmful algae blooms have been appearing with increased frequency and duration. 

https://www.lcbp.org/our-goals/clean-water/fishable-swimmable-drinkable/drinking-water/]]> 2022-06-08 04:06:23 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214450098 Solutions to Algae Blooms cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214522798 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency " Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have been of concern over the past few years due to increased frequency and duration in blooms that have resulted in frequent bathing beach closures near Port Henry and Isle LaMotte. NYSDEC, along with the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) and New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets (NYSDAM), developed a Harmful Algal Bloom Action Plan for Lake Champlain in 2018 to identify conditions that contribute to the formation of HABs and determine immediate and long-term actions to reduce their frequency. "
https://www.dec.ny.gov/lands/124146.html

]]> 2022-06-08 05:31:28 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214522798 Mercury Contamination cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214571452 Mercury can enter the lake from rain that contains mercury or polluted runoff. It is toxic to humans, but can be exposed to us through eating contaminated fish, inhaling it from the atmosphere, or absorbing it through the skin. The U.S. and Canada have come together to make regulations on mercury emissions from factories and other sources, and reduce mercury pollution. One such program collects thermometers that contain mercury and replace them with alternatives like digital. Fish advisories have also been sent out to warn against eating fish like walleye that are often contaminated with mercury. 
Mercury is known to biomagnify and bioaccumulate.]]> 2022-06-08 06:22:00 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214571452 Warming Waters cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214573964
High winter temperatures and increased precipitation mean more intense storms, leading to greater erosion and more nutrient pollution in the lake, providing a better habitat for algae to bloom. They bloom, die, and are decomposed by oxygen-using bacteria. Temperatures rising earlier in spring will also lead to fish spawning earlier in the season, and for there to be less available habitat for species that enjoy cold water like trout and salmon, while warm-water species like bass increase.


https://www.lakechamplaincommittee.org/lcc-at-work/global-warming-lake-champlain




]]> 2022-06-08 06:24:28 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214573964 cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214576338 In this graph we can see that since the 1930s-40s, the number of years per decade that Lake Champlain has been closed due to ice has been increasing. This aligns with King, et al., who found that humans were significantly influencing the global temperatures starting in the 1930s.

King, A., Black, M., Min, S., Fischer, E., Mitchell, D., Harrington, L., & Perkins‐Kirkpatrick, S. (2016). Emergence of heat extremes attributable to anthropogenic influences. Geophysical Research Letters, 43(7), 3438-3443. doi: 10.1002/2015gl067448

https://www.lakechamplaincommittee.org/lcc-at-work/global-warming-lake-champlain/]]> 2022-06-08 06:26:46 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214576338 cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214578533 A watershed is a place when rainfall and snowmelt collects and runs into a lake, river, or body of water. Any water that falls into watershed makes its way to Lake Champlain and eventually frows north to the Richelieu River, the St. Lawrence River, and the Atlantic Ocean. The Lake Champlain Basin has 11 major watersheds that are drained by tributaries. 



https://www.lakechamplainregion.com/story/2021/water-water-water
https://atlas.lcbp.org/nature-environment/watersheds-and-tributaries/
]]> 2022-06-08 06:28:52 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2214578533 Floods cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218002366 2011 saw record breaking floods at Lake Champlain, at 100 feet above sea level. Three months later, Tropical Storm Irene brought more rain and destruction to the region. rain and water bashed against lakeshore houses and low-lying structure, eroding the shore and sending sediments into the water. Richelieu River particularly suffered during this 2 month period of flooding.  April 27th 2011, the Winooski River phosphorus load equaled nearly twice the total annual phosphorus discharge from all wastewater treatment facilities in the Vermont Basin the previous year. In 2013, the International Joint Commission submitted a Plan of Study to the United States and Canadian governments. Since 2017, a Board has been evaluating the impacts of floods, assessing management practices, and flood forecasting.

One of the contraptions implemented is a Flood Control Structure. Together they can store 19.5 billion gallons of water, significantly reducing the impact of future flooding.

https://www.lcbp.org/our-goals/thriving-communities/flooding/floods-of-2011/
https://www.watercanada.net/study-board-to-investigate-lake-champlain-flood-risks/

]]> 2022-06-11 05:57:41 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218002366 Fish Population cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218008398  High concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls and mercury found in the sediments of Lake Champlain, plants, and animal life have prompted Quebec, Vermont, and New York to issue consumption advisories. Fish including trout, walleye, and Atlantic salmon may be contaminated. The associated risks include cancer and birth defects. Bioaccumulation and biomagnification are major concerns here



https://www.lcbp.org/our-goals/clean-water/fishable-swimmable-drinkable/fish-advisories/

]]> 2022-06-11 06:25:26 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218008398 Farming cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218061362 For generations, farmers have been making a living along the Champlain Valley. Many people still use the land to produce fruit, vegetables, meat, honey, cheese, and much else. From June to September, there are many farmers markets where many of the regions farms come together to celebrate, educate, and sell their stock. 

https://www.lakechamplainregion.com/farms-flavors

]]> 2022-06-11 09:22:08 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218061362 Hydroelectricity cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218080262 As far as I can tell, the power of Lake Champlain has not yet been harnessed for hydroelctricity, although there is record of this being discussed back in 2012. Where the La Chute River connects Lake George to Lake Champlain ]]> 2022-06-11 10:26:44 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218080262 Avoiding Phosphorus Pollution cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218799517 In 1993, Vermont, New York, and Quebec came together to define a phosphorus budget, determining a concentration target. According to a 2018 Lake and Ecosystems Indicators report, the annual phosphorus load is now 432 metric tons greater than the established budget. 
The increasing eutrophic conditions from algae blooms in Lake Champlain have been a problem for years. As discussed previously, there are many point and non-point source pollutants contributing the the high levels of phosphorus run-off. Trying to stop all of it is a monumental challenge. One thing that we can do in the meantime is set the lake up for success. Planting lots of deep-rooted native plants can absorb and filter runoff while providing habitats. 
Another solution to keep the phosphorus levels from rising would be to not lay the electrical cord that transports green energy from Canada to New York. 250,000 people use the water for drinking, there has to be other ways to get green energy to New York.


https://www.lcbp.org/our-goals/clean-water/nutrients-and-cyanobacteria/phosphorus-reduction-strategy/

]]> 2022-06-12 22:42:31 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218799517 Water Level cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218803486 The average annual water level is 96.5ft, with a high of 103.57ft recorded in 2011 near Whitehall, NY.

https://www.lcbp.org/about-the-basin/facts/]]> 2022-06-12 22:55:05 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218803486 Current Energy cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218831754 The energy use in the New York City area near Lake Champlain is about 80% fossil fuels. The 19 oil and gas facilities are within 1 mile of 750,000 people, 78% of whom are either low-income or people of color.
A study on proximity to fuel plants and hospitalization for respiratory disease found significantly higher hospitalization in zip codes with fuel plants.

https://www.adirondackexplorer.org/stories/transmission-line-power-park

 Liu, X., Lessner, L., & Carpenter, D. O. (2012). Association between residential proximity to fuel-fired power plants and hospitalization rate for respiratory diseases. Environmental health perspectives, 120(6), 807–810. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1104146 

]]> 2022-06-13 00:05:19 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218831754 Invasive Fish, Tourism, and Lock Closure cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218936082 There are roughly 50 invasive species in Lake Champlain, most coming in through a
 200 years ago, a canal was bult at the southern tip of Lake Champlain. At one point it was an important trade rout, but now mostly servs to tourists and pleasure boaters. The canal has 11 individually operated locks connecting Lake Champlain to other water ways. Of the 50 or so invasive species that now call the lake home, almost half have come through the New York waterways. 
The round goby is native to Eurasia, but arrived in America in 1990. In the summer, they can reproduce every 20 days. Gobies are known for eating the eggs of native fish and overeating the local prey. Major fish and bird population decline has been linked to the spread of diseases up the food chain that gobies facilitate. The 3-6 inch fish is also a nuisance to fishermen, they love to steal the bait off lines and gorge on the eggs of sport fish. Gobies often move into new waterways in the hulls of boats and bait buckets of fishermen. 
The lock keeping them out of Lake Champlain has been closed since October and there is heated debate on whether it should be reopened. Those against the reopening want to prevent goby from entering Lake Champlain. Politicians in support of opening the lock cite the regions tourism industry. Local tourism slowed during the pandemic, but they are hoping to ramp things back up in the coming months. Many people want to go fish and and take a look at the historic site. Senators, governors, research institutes, and others are butting heads.

https://www.sevendaysvt.com/vermont/the-round-goby-a-new-threat-to-lake-champlain-reignites-debate-over-canal/Content?oid=35596156

]]> 2022-06-13 02:04:57 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218936082 cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218941425 2022-06-13 02:10:05 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2218941425 Phosphorus cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219051286 Point sources like industrial discharge and wastewater treatment facilities have been sending phosphorus into Lake Champlain for decades. Over the last twenty years government regulations and phosphorus caps have been implemented to keep the phosphorus levels lower. Non-point source pollution, such as farmland, lawns, and other rural areas make up about more than 90% of the phosphorus in the lake. Phosphorus is also being recycled through the water when sediment at the bottom of the lake is kicked up, as it will be when the power line is installed. 
One of the major difficulties for reducing pollution is the amount of land that is contributing pollutants. Eighteen square miles of land in the basin deliver water to the lake; for comparison, the Great Lakes have 1.5x - 3.4x as much land as lake surface area.
Every year the rivers that connect to the basin deliver about 2 million pounds of phosphorus, depending on rain and runoff in the watershed.  

]]> 2022-06-13 04:14:31 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219051286 Walleye cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219124889 Lake Champlain is a popular spot for Walleye fishing. The problem is that mercury is also popular in Lake Champlain. It is a potent neurotoxin which usually accumulates from the combustion of coal and can be carried though the air for several miles before settling to the surface of earth. It bioaccumulates and biomagnifies. Some efforts to reduce mercury in the water include enhancing recycling programs for products containing it, reducing emissions from coal and oil-fired plants, and exchanging products containing mercury (like thermometers) for alternatives.

https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/water-resources/science/mercury#overview
https://www.lcbp.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/MercuryPCBFactSheet1.pdf]]> 2022-06-13 05:42:28 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219124889 Transmission Line Project Delivering Canadian Hydropower To NYC cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219128629 In an effort to decrease the use of fossil fuels, a $4 billion project has been approved to install a transmission line at the bottom of Lake Champlain and the Hudson River. The line would span nearly 100 miles to a new converter station in Queens. There is a 2025 target to get the line up and running. 
The project does include a $117 million environmental trust fund for the support of restoration projects along the rout. The installation will displace bottom-dwellers and stir up sediments, potentially harming the local food chains.
Opponents to the transmission line claim that it is, "an environmental risk built on a legacy of mistreatment of Indigenous peoples in Canada." It would also kick up a significant amount of sediment from the bottom of the lake, causing phosphorus to recirculate and potentially worsen the eutrophic conditions already experienced.
The line should deliver about 20% of NYC's energy needs (10,000 gigawatt-hours per year).
https://www.adirondackexplorer.org/stories/lake-champlain-transmission-line]]> 2022-06-13 05:47:02 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219128629 cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219161726 2022-06-13 06:22:30 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219161726 Habitat cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219193289 Habitat degredation and fragmentation of habitat is one of the biggest threats to species populations. Dams, culverts, and other barriers inhibit migration. One of the priorities of of the Lake Champlain Basin Project is improving passages and connectivity in the basin. One of the interconnected struggles here is the presence of invasive species which use the same passages. Prioritizing culvert replacement and restoring floodplain habitat and riparian areas has ben the focus to improve organism passage. 
There are over 300,00 acres of wetland in the Lake Champlain basin. This area provides habitat, filters pollutants, and controls flooding.

https://www.lcbp.org/our-goals/healthy-ecosystems/habitat/]]> 2022-06-13 06:53:53 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219193289 Increased Precipitation cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219203226 Since 1941, there has been an 45.8mm (1.8 inch) increase in rainfall per year on the Lake Champlain Basin. This coupled with warmer temperatures means stronger storms and floods, which increase erosion. The erosion releases sediments and nutrients into the water and threatens infrastructure. 
https://www.lakechamplaincommittee.org/learn/lake-look/precipitation/]]> 2022-06-13 07:04:59 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219203226 Lake Champlain Basin Program cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219942347 New York, Quebec, and Vermont came together to establish the basin program to coordinate benefits for the wildlife, wetlands, recreation, fisheries, cultural resources, and water quality. Some of the things being done are mapping fish distribution, removing the dam on the Bogue branch, phosphorus holding in wetlands, monitoring the fish community, and creating storm smart properties.

https://www.lcbp.org/lake-project/creating-storm-smart-properties/]]> 2022-06-13 20:20:46 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219942347 Managing Runoff cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219966583 The Lake Champlain Basin Program is taking steps to help homeowners assess their properties to find ways to slow runoff so that it can spread across the land and soak into the ground. This can help to slow the erosion, the degradation of water quality, and the destruction of habitat. ]]> 2022-06-13 21:03:53 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219966583 cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219966721 https://youtu.be/-8zQWUnRd5s]]> 2022-06-13 21:04:09 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219966721 cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219967141 https://youtu.be/PBFaphAuSQU]]> 2022-06-13 21:04:58 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219967141 cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219968237 https://youtu.be/6-y1mW5CWus]]> 2022-06-13 21:07:23 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219968237 Quebec Energy Generation by Fuel Type cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219979666 The Richelieu River comes off of Lake Champlain in Quebec, where there is much more green energy being produced and used than in New York, where the lower tip of Lake Champlain is. The problem lies in that New York has created a tentative plan to lay a power cord at the bottom of Lake Champlain. More on this in the section, "Transmission Line Project Delivering Canadian Hydropower To NYC"]]> 2022-06-13 21:30:39 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219979666 Major Land Uses cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219989556 The most current account I could find of the land use in areas around Lake Champlain is from 2012. 

Vermont: 412,000 acres of cropland - 305,000 acres of grassland, pasture, and range - 4,476,000 acres of forest - 498,000 acres of special-use areas - 101,000 acres of urban area - 106,000 acres of miscellaneous other land.

Ney York: 4,247,000 acres of cropland - 2,397,000 acres of grassland, pasture, and range - 15,920,000 acres of forest - 4,077,000 acres of special use areas - 2,638,000 acres of urban area - 882,000 acres of miscellaneous other land.

I can't find anything on how land is used in Quebec, but I took a screenshot of googlemaps, which shows the great amount of farmland with urban area around St-Jean-sur-Richelieu.

https://www.ers.usda.gov/webdocs/DataFiles/52096/Summary_Table_1_major_uses_of_land_by_region_and_state_2012.xls?v=1723.1

]]> 2022-06-13 21:51:25 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2219989556 Cooperation Between Governments cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2220067495 The best thing that we can do to work out the challenges facing this watershed it to come together and make positive change. This is already happening through the Champlain River Basin Project. At times there is bickering between the parties (we get a glimpse of this with the conflict about laying a power line from Canada to New York or opening the lock in the Champlain canal), but this process and passion for the ecosystem is essential for making the system-thinking-based informed decisions for the heath of the land and people. 

A disconnect between between parties might mean that when there is a flood through farmland in Quebec and excess nutrients start flowing through the water, the southern regions like Vermont and New York would not be informed. They might put resources where they aren't needed to find the source, when they should be doing other things to protect the water. 

Governments working together also means that when when a new project, like planting certain plants near the banks, is successful then the other regions can implement it. 

https://www.lcbp.org/about-us/how-we-work/meetings/lake-champlain-research-conference-2022/
https://www.lcbp.org/about-us/people/]]> 2022-06-14 00:09:25 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2220067495 cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2220299002 2022-06-14 04:02:38 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2220299002 cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2220301717 2022-06-14 04:06:16 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2220301717 cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2220364763 2022-06-14 05:20:56 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2220364763 Major Water Uses cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2221184546 Many cultural services are available through the Lake. Lake Champlain has been used since 1997 for professional bass-catching championships. Swimming in Lake Champlain is usually safe, but toxins produced by cyanobacteria. When the water is swallowed it can be toxic, and cause itchiness or rashes when it contacts the skin. The Lake is a popular spot to go out on boats, and the many wrecks (~300) make for an interesting scuba spot. Many life watchers come to see the beautiful species that call Lake Champlain home. There are 29 amphibian species, 19 reptile species, more than 300 bird species, and 93 species of fish. Bird watching and other wildlife viewing activities are estimated to generate $50 million per year. In 1997, more than $204 million was generated from fishing-related activities in the basin.


https://www.outdoorswimmingsociety.com/swimming-safely-algal-blooms/
https://www.bassmaster.com/video/2021-recap-champlain-and-st-lawrence/ 
https://www.lclt.org/about-lake-champlain/lake-champlain-facts/]]> 2022-06-14 20:49:09 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2221184546 Algae Blooms and Beach Closure cloephipps https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2221189031 Last year, Lake Chaplains Oakledge, Texaco, North Beach, and Leddy beaches were closed due to cyanobacteria blooms. As well as Point au Roche State Park

https://www.wamc.org/new-england-news/2021-07-12/algae-blooms-prompt-closure-of-some-lake-champlain-beaches]]> 2022-06-14 20:58:01 UTC https://padlet.com/cloephipps/tgjt7gqdbersycpt/wish/2221189031