Operations & Algebraic Thinking: Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.

"Use addition and subtraction within 20 to solve word problems involving situations of adding to, taking from, putting together, taking apart, and comparing, with unknowns in all positions, e.g., by using objects, drawings, and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem" (2013, pg. 16).

1. Entry & exit questions to determine whether the children have a solid understanding of what has been previously taught to them

2. Group lessons in which students will write problems down on a whiteboard with a marker to give me (the teacher) a general idea of who needs more assistance

3. During independent study, I will take assigned small groups (based on level of understanding) and work with those who need more individualized instruction to ensure mastery before we move on as a class

4. Small tests will be given at the end of each unit - these should be brief (no more than 15 questions long), as first graders are new to testing, and should give the educator a solid idea of where the class stands with the unit/whether or not we can move on

Operations & Algebraic Thinking: Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.

"Solve word problems that call for the addition of three whole numbers whose sum is less than or equal to 20, e.g., by using objects, drawings, and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem" (2013, pg. 16).

Operations & Algebraic Thinking: Work with addition & subtraction problems.

"Determine the unknown whole number in an addition or subtraction equation relating three whole numbers. For example, determine the unknown number that makes the equation true in each of the equations 8 + ? = 11, 5 = ? – 3, 6 + 6 = ?" (2013, pg. 16).

• Recognize the difference between at least 5 addition and subtraction problems (each) based on their respective signs

• Successfully answer a minimum of 5 addition and subtraction problems (each) via the utilization of various manipulatives provided by the teacher

• Accurately answer a minimum of 5 word problems (reading scaffolded by the teacher) that contain 3 numbers whose sum, when added together, is less than 20

• Successfully fill in the blanks of a minimum of 5 addition and subtraction problems (each) by utilizing either adding or subtracting to solve for the missing sum.

Operations & Algebraic Thinking: Add and subtract within 20.

“Relate counting to addition and subtraction (e.g., by counting on 2 to add 2)” (2013, pg. 16)

Operations & Algebraic Thinking: Add and subtract within 20.

“Add and subtract within 20, demonstrating fluency for addition and subtraction within 10. Use strategies such as counting on; making ten (e.g., 8 + 6 = 8 + 2 + 4 = 10 + 4 = 14); decomposing a number leading to a ten (e.g., 13 – 4 = 13 – 3 – 1 = 10 – 1 = 9); using the relationship between addition and subtraction (e.g., knowing that 8 + 4 = 12, one knows 12 – 8 = 4); and creating equivalent but easier or known sums (e.g., adding 6 + 7 by creating the known equivalent 6 + 6 + 1 = 12 + 1 = 13).” (2013, pg. 16)