The trend in educational thinking and practice began in the industrial age where the factory-based production started expanding. Before the industrial age, family was the focal point in education, and children were able to perceive and participate in almost all productive activities. Education 1.0 is an education that focuses on the instructivist approach. It involves 3Rs’ meaning “Receiving”, “Responding” and “Regurgitating”. Students “receive” (learn) by listening to the teacher, “respond” by taking notes, reading text and doing the same worksheet and lastly, “regurgitate” by doing the similar assessments which are used to measure their learning performance. This is called one-size-fit-all education because all learners are viewed as being the same. It only involves one way learning process where students are passive and they are instilled with the most essential or basic academic knowledge and skills and character development. 

 Education 1.0 is categorised in “sage on the stage”, which means students learn passively by receiving the knowledge and information transferred by the teachers. Standardised learning materials are used to support the pre-determined syllabus containing specific knowledge and opportunities for skill development. The students are also expected to learn as fast and as much as they can and their learning progresses are pre-determined by the intended learning outcomes. There is also a little room for students to develop their creativity in Education 1.0 as learners only do what the teachers want them to do and the assessments ensure students to focus on certain requirements rather than engaging in an open-ended learning process