Zimbabwe Timeline by Sofia Montemayor Loera https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq en-us 2025-04-11 15:11:40 UTC 2025-04-12 05:41:54 UTC hello@padlet.com 1990 sofiamontemayorl https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406365309 Zimbabwe does the Economic Structural Adjustment Programme (ESAP) because the World Bank put pressure on them changing socialist policies to to more market-like policies.


]]> 2025-04-11 15:15:20 UTC https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406365309 2017 sofiamontemayorl https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406540013 The Mnangagwa regime comes to an end, after a 37-year rule, this gave Zimbabwe brief period of optimism before continued decline.

]]> 2025-04-11 17:57:38 UTC https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406540013 1997 sofiamontemayorl https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406854064 The Zimbabwean dollar lost 74% of its value in a single day in November 14, this day was the reason the term “Black Friday” is a thing.


]]> 2025-04-12 04:37:31 UTC https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406854064 2000 sofiamontemayorl https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406855565 Agricultural production goes way down, which leads to food insecurity and unemployment, especially for farm workers. Approximately 400,000 farm workers moved, creating internal migration pressures.


]]> 2025-04-12 04:43:00 UTC https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406855565 2005 sofiamontemayorl https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406855652 ⁠Operation Murambatsvina ("Clean up Filth") destroys informal urban settlements, displacing an estimated 700,000 people.


]]> 2025-04-12 04:43:18 UTC https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406855652 2008 sofiamontemayorl https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406856083 ⁠Inflation reaches 89.7 sextillion percent by November 2008, this causes bad food shortages and public services turn basically inaccessible and inexistent. South Africa becomes the primary destination, all this combined with the largest Cholera outbreak in Africa’s history, which forced people out of their homes.


]]> 2025-04-12 04:44:46 UTC https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406856083 2009 sofiamontemayorl https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406856310 Hyperinflation decreases very temporarily because the currency of the country was stopped from being printed, and other currencies were used. Emigration is slowed thanks to the stabilization, that Zimbabwean’s hoped would last long.


]]> 2025-04-12 04:45:18 UTC https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406856310 2019 sofiaihinojosa https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406869350 The storm, or rather, cyclone Idai destroys eastern Zimbabwe, creating approximately 60,000 internally displaced persons. This same year, the return to hyperinflation and reintroduction of Zimbabwe dollar makes economic conditions even worse.

]]> 2025-04-12 05:21:35 UTC https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406869350 2020 sofiaihinojosa https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406869503 COVID-19 pandemic makes the government decide to close the border, trapping immigrants, but other 200,000 immigrants had to go back to Zimbabwe due to the decay of countries they were working in.

]]> 2025-04-12 05:22:08 UTC https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406869503 2022 sofiaihinojosa https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406869667 Inflation goes up further than 250%, further driving economic migration, besides, the Chinese presence in Zimbabwe grows for mining and construction, which is a great support for the economy, but creates worry regarding climate and working practices.

]]> 2025-04-12 05:22:32 UTC https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406869667 2023 sofiaihinojosa https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406869750 South Africa changes their migration controls including ending the Zimbabwe Exemption Permit (ZEP) program, which affects many people legally residing in South Africa.

]]> 2025-04-12 05:22:52 UTC https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406869750 2024 sofiaihinojosa https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406870068 Economy does not get any better, Zimbabwe introduces the Zimbabwe Gold (ZiG), a new currency, introduced in April 2024 as the latest attempt at monetary stabilization and preventing further migration.

]]> 2025-04-12 05:23:17 UTC https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406870068 REFERENCES sofiaihinojosa https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406875959

  • 89.7 sextillion percent: Zimbabwe and inflation. (n.d.). https://truflation.com/blog/89-7-sextillion-percent-zimbabwe-and-inflation

  • Black Friday. (n.d.). Pindula. https://www.pindula.co.zw/Black_Friday/#google_vignette

  • “Clear the Filth”: Mass evictions and demolitions in Zimbabwe: background. (n.d.). https://www.hrw.org/legacy/backgrounder/africa/zimbabwe0905/4.htm

  • Cuneo, C. N., Sollom, R., & Beyrer, C. (2017, December 1). The Cholera Epidemic in Zimbabwe, 2008–2009: A review and critique of the evidence. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5739374/#:~:text=The%202008%E2%80%932009%20cholera%20epidemic,in%20the%20history%20of%20Zimbabwe.&text=The%20initial%20outbreak%20was%20notable,protracted%20duration%20(10%20months).

  • Denhere, E. (2025, January 8). Chinese-owned gold mine stirs controversy in eastern Zimbabwe. Voice of America. https://www.voanews.com/a/chinese-owned-gold-mine-stirs-controversy-in-eastern-zimbabwe/7927141.html

  • Holland, L.B. (Friday 15th 2019). House of Commons Library. Zimbabwe: The Mnangagwa regime. https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/zimbabwe-the-mnangagwa-regime/

  • More than 200,000 People Return to Zimbabwe as COVID-19 Impacts Regional Economies. (2021, April 21). https://zimbabwe.iom.int/news/more-200000-people-return-zimbabwe-covid-19-impacts-regional-economies#:~:text=Harare%20%E2%80%93%20More%20than%20200%2C000%20Zimbabweans,officials%20conduct%20COVID%2D19%20tests.

  • Nyoka, S. (2025, April 10). Zimbabwe’s white farmers to receive first compensation payments over land invasions. https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cq5wwp5eelxo

  • Potts, D. (2006). City Life in Zimbabwe at a Time of Fear and Loathing: Urban Planning, Urban Poverty, and Operation Murambatsvina.

  • Saunders, R. (1996). Economic Structural Adjustement Programme (ESAP)'s Fables II. Volume 2, Page 8. https://www.almendron.com/tribuna/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/economic-structural-adjustment-programme.pdf

  • The history of monetary collapse in Zimbabwe | River Learn - Bitcoin markets. (n.d.). River. https://river.com/learn/history-of-monetary-collapse-in-zimbabwe/

  • Tras la tormenta: un año después del ciclón Idai  | Oxfam International. (2022, May 25). Oxfam International. https://www.oxfam.org/es/tras-la-tormenta-un-ano-despues-del-ciclon-idai

  • Zimbabwean exemption Permit | Work Permit South Africa. (2024, September 26). Work Permit South Africa. https://www.workpermitsouthafrica.co.za/zimbabwean-exemption-permit/




    • ]]>     2025-04-12 05:41:53 UTC https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406875959     HONOR CODE sofiaihinojosa https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406876242

    “I hereby affirm that I have done this activity with academic integrity”

    Sofia Hinojosa, Sofia Montemayor

    ]]>     2025-04-12 05:42:26 UTC https://padlet.com/sofiamontemayorl/tc74fl0dl2w9hxdq/wish/3406876242