skills,  it  is  about  the  learners  creating  their  own  knowledge  and 

understanding and developing skills (personalized learning)
Cognition:  Content  is  related  to  learning  and  thinking  (cognition).  To 

enable the learners to create their own interpretation of content, it must be 

analysed for its linguistic demands; thinking processes (cognition) need to 

be analysed in terms of their linguistic demands; 

Communication:  Language  needs  to  be  learned  which  is  related  to  the 

learning  context,  learning  through  that  language,  reconstructing  the 

content  and  its  related  cognitive  processes.  This  language  needs  to  be 

transparent  and  accessible;  interaction  in  the  learning  context  is 

fundamental to learning. This has implications when the learning context 

operates through the medium of a foreign language; 

Culture:  The  relationship  between  cultures  and  languages  is  complex. 

Intercultural awareness is fundamental to CLIL. Its rightful place is at the 

core of CLIL. (Coyle 2006: 9f.)

Subject learning through a foreign language works best when new topics are presented in such a way that students' affective filters remain open and when students can link new insights with prior knowledge, experiences, and attitudes.

facilitated  by  the  use  of  the  target  language  in  interaction.  Long  suggests  that 

feedback  obtained  during  conversational  interaction  promotes  interlanguage 

development  because  interaction  “connects  input,  internal  learner  capacities, particularly  selective  attention,  and  output  in  productive  ways”

Effective teaching means creating environments in which students are engaged, challenged, and saturated with various types of authentic, meaningful, and challenging input tasks.

CLIL based on the tenets of the 4Cs-Framework can only be achieved when all 

of the four Cs are considered in lesson planning and materials construction. The 

four Cs are the cornerstones of the base area of the CLIL-Pyramid which comes 

into existence when one tries to find the point where lines originating from each corners meet .