1.Fundamentals of communications 

 

Driven by the globalization of the world, more and more opportunities have been brought to human civilization. For example, cross-cultural and cross-cultural exchanges have led to more frequent interactions among scholars around the world, as well as multicultural backgrounds, which occur more frequently. Fries.n.d,(2015) distinguishes intercultural from intercultural and multicultural. She explai that "cross-cultural" covers things that are multicultural, while "intercultural" means interaction and is included in the picture list. Graphic design is a combination of text, images, and layouts used to evoke the senses and convey information (Mills and Huber 2005). Graphics should be properly designed using appropriate design elements to capture the attention of the audience and convey the right message to them. Visual design is constantly being influenced by transnational cultures, and visual elements from different countries make designers' material libraries more and more extensive. Cultural exchanges between different countries are also driving new forms of visual design. For example, this semester involves projects, extending a series of clothing products and design logos. Many of his clothing fabrics come from abandoned trees in the virgin forests of Africa and Asia and are recycled to make fabrics. This material became part of the theme of my project.  

 

Cross-border cultural exchanges not only affect graphic design products, but also the design process. Because every designer has a different cultural background, different design inspirations. Hofstede (2001) defines culture as a sort of ‘software of the mind’. According to him, every person carries patterned ways of thinking, feeling and reacting. These are partly unique and partly shared with others. The unique part belongs to the individual’s personality level. The common part belongs to the collective level. Culture is a collective phenomenon and is shared at least partially with other people living in the same social group. Culture can be treated as the collective programming of the mind that distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from another. In this design project, my design inspiration was influenced by many students from different cultural backgrounds in the same group. For example, the design of recycled rag buckets designed by girls from Kuwait has brought me a lot of inspiration. Her design fits the project theme of recycling and reuse, but also fulfills the role of promoting products and company promotions. Transnational culture has a very important influence on graphic design. Cultural exchange is also an important way to disseminate academics and skills. 

 

1.Understanding large and complex organisations 

 

"Organizations are social entities that are goal-directed, are designed as deliberately structured and coordinated activity systems, and are linked to the external environment." (R. Daft 2015:11) An important form of a company is its systematic organizational structure (Fig 1). Every large company has a sound organizational system, and every part of the organization is critical. Every single small organization in a large organization is interconnected. A sound organizational system is a manifestation of the success of this organization. “For every minute spent organizing, an hour is earned.” (Benjamin,2015) A large organization or a large company, his organizational structure is also crucial. A clear organizational structure can save a lot of time and make it easy for the organization to meet the expected requirements. Seven different forms of organization are the basis for many corporate applications. For graphic design students or workers, the organizational structure of design is the Team-based organizational structure. Graphic design is a group collaborative discipline, because every designer is an individual, and when completing a large project, each member of the group needs to play the role of everyone. Brainstorm everyone's ideas and then put them together (Fig 2). The team completes a general idea and then implements it. No individual's talents are different, but combining everyone's talents together, group cooperation can break a difficulty. “Talent wins games, but teamwork and intelligence win championships.” (Michael, 2018) 

 

The important thing about building or running a business is that you need to have a clear business plan and specific business goals. It's not an easy thing to do because he needs us managers and plans a lot of things. For example, for graphic design majors. If a designer wants to start a company, they need to prepare the following steps. Who are your target audiences, where your business capital comes from, and what are your business plans and business characteristics. Graphic design is different from other industries. Because the products that graphic designers sell are the designers themselves. Visualize the work through the customer's request (Fig 3). So, the most important thing to start and run a company is the plan. For example, Huawei's corporate positioning is to have its own computer system in China. His business is run mainly privately, supported by the state. It's hard not to succeed in such a business.  

 

1.Project management  

 

Project Management is ... “the discipline that plans, organises, and controls people and money so that projects are completed successfully in spite of all the risks”. (Lock, Project Management 2013). Project management is different from business management. In the current development of business expansion, there are different risk levels for starting a business or project (Fig 4). So, every step requires regulation in the field of expertise. Project management, for example, involves a lot of big and small issues in the project, manpower, funding, and risk assessment. For graphic design, designers need to do a lot of research about the company's corporate culture, background, and target audience to start a project, and then do their own design, they have a plan, need to test and consider the poster position, plan the capital investment. For a project, his research time and testing time cannot be less, because this is related to the success of many parts.    

  

Organizations of all kinds focus on leadership as a vital concept necessary for success. Everyone talks about leadership, everyone says they want leadership, everyone prioritizes leadership (Beato,2020). A successful group or company needs a leader with strong leadership ability, a leadership, management ability, and someone who can lead everyone to success. How to make your team successful is very important. Management talents with leadership need to have a good sense of time and need stricter duty skills than group personnel. Help everyone specify a perfect work schedule and urge everyone to better complete their work needs. The foundation of good leadership is the need to communicate with everyone continuously, and everyone needs to be convinced of your decision. A good leader will make every meeting very effective, and from each simple meeting can complete a lot of planning, find mistakes at each stage and where improvement is needed. Integrate the ideas of the group members to better complete the group activities. Leadership is the key to success and a prerequisite for a good employer. 

Because of the different cultural exchanges and cooperation, our group has a clearer task of cross-border cultural exchanges and cooperation. Kiana explains this part of the Workplace Guide in detail. Analyzing from her own perspective how the employer needs to work across borders and giving her own examples, it is very clear. Mingzhe's article also lists how he views transnational culture and transnational cultural cooperation as an automotive designer. For transnational cooperation have the same views, respect for different cultures, strengthen cultural exchange is very important for designers in different fields, team members have the same attitude for different cultures, because designers need cross-cultural and transnational cooperation, so they believe that cultural cooperation is the basis of design.   

Everyone has the same view on communication. Both Kiana and Mingzhe believe that it is important to communicate with clients, because designers need to explain to clients the source of inspiration for their designs, why they chose this design method, and so on. Not only that, designers also need customer feedback to make changes to their work, so they feel that communication is also important. Mingzhe is from Chinese, so he said he needs to learn English better, and if he wants to cooperate across borders and cultures, he needs to be fluent in English.  

How to become multinational professionals, kiana and Mingze both want to find international designers, so they feel that different cultural work experience can help them find more good design inspiration. They also give detailed methods on how to become an international designer. They feel that changing the grid can help them change a lot of work constraints, and cultural differences are one way to improve designer insights. 

Many of kiana and Mingzhe's opinions are the same, and they have done their work well, listing a lot of useful reference examples, which is also a great help for me. 

For starting a large design company and running a company, the most important thing is to learn how to work as a team and determine a clear company structure information icon. A design company is a design team that is inspired by all of a group, and everyone on the team has important roles and tasks. Teamwork is the best way to accomplish such a task. Each person's small inspiration can be gathered together to complete a large task, according to the company's complete structure icon, step by step to complete each task. In future career planning, becoming a good graphic designer and starting a large design studio are very helpful knowledge.   

Clear planning and goals are also important for a design firm and designer. Many designers can't make perfect use of their time and work for a long time, which has a lot of impact on their bodies and careers. Therefore, determining clear corporate goals and plans is the basis for running a company well, and only clear goals and plans can designers easily complete each stage of the task. But the goals and plans cannot be determined too much, because each stage is good to complete the planned tasks and goals that need to be done now, and if some overloaded tasks are constantly imposed, the plan is also wasted.   

Becoming a person with leadership and good at communicating with team members is the best way for design workers to lead. In graphic design work, there are also projects that work in small groups. A group, if you want to go ahead better, then as a leader you need to have unity and cooperation, good at communication, and have superior leadership. Not only can there be communication, but also a clear work plan and task allocation, and the leader is to carry out more tasks in order to make the group tasks go through perfectly.   

For the designer's future career planning, the six tasks in the topic selection are very important and very helpful. Being good at communication, superior leadership, perfect planning, and everything else is important. 

 

Eric, B. (2022, March 22). Why Is Leadership Important. Entrepreneurship.babson.edu. https://entrepreneurship.babson.edu/why-is-leadership-important/?msclkid=630bd1c1a95a11ecb70ad5ff67d7162b 

 

Fries, S. n.d, Cultural, Multicultural, Cross-cultural, Intercultural: A Moderator’s Proposal. Retrieved from: http://www.tesol-france.org/articles/fries.pdf. 

 

Hoyos, C., Scharoun, L., & Poplin, J. (2015). THE IMPORTANCE OF CROSS-CULTURAL LEARNING IN THE DESIGN DISCIPLINES: A CASE STUDY REVIEWING A SERIES OF SHORT TERM STUDY TOURS DESIGNED TO SUPPORT CROSS- CULTURAL EXCHANGE IN THE ASIA-PACIFIC REGION. In International Journal of Arts & Sciences (pp. 435–442). http://www.universitypublications.net/ijas/0805/pdf/S5R144.pdf?msclkid=bae42f48a56d11eca2d594f082c12142 

Hofstede, G. Culture’s consequences, 2001 (Sage Publications Ltd, Beverly Hills). 

 

Huber, M. & Morreale, S. 2002. Disciplinary Styles in the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning: Exploring Common Ground. AAHE Publications, Merrifield, VA 22116-1932. 

 

Michael, P. (2018, August 9). Michael Porter: Impact of Strategic Management Theory. Www.ukessays.com. https://www.ukessays.com/essays/management/the-influence-of-michael-porter-management-essay.php?msclkid=f6aac9f8a96711ec95607037e7c2c6d5