The Parker Inheritance Historical Timeline by Stephanie Hampton https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance A timeline of historical events during The Parker Inheritance by Varion Johnson. Historical events are in black, benchmark cases are in red, and book events are in green. en-us 2020-07-06 13:58:01 UTC 2025-10-09 22:44:15 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f4f0.png Brown vs Board of Education hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/648332182 1951-1954

Brown vs Board of Education began when Linda Brown of Topeka, KS and her family claimed that the the 14th Amendment meant that equal protection meant equal education. When Brown and her family lost, they appealed and her case was combined with four other cases (including Briggs vs Elliott). The landmark decision of Brown vs Board of Education meant that not only schools, but many other segments of society would be desegregated. ]]> 2020-07-06 14:05:31 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/648332182 Briggs vs Elliott warrengrossll https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/648393316 1947-1952

Briggs vs Elliott began with a request for a bus for Black children in South Carolina. Many of the children were walking up to 16 miles to school. The NAACP joined and formed a case suing for equality in education. Thurgood Marshall was the attorney.

Briggs vs Elliott was combined with five other cases into Brown vs Board of Education in 1952.


]]> 2020-07-06 15:13:30 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/648393316 Loving vs Virginia warrengrossll https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/648420108 1958-1967

In 1958, Mildred and Richard Loving were sentenced to a year in prison for marrying one another. They appealed on the grounds that they 14th Amendment guarantees equal protection under the law and won their case which has been used as precedent for other major cases as recently as 2015.]]> 2020-07-06 15:44:19 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/648420108 14th Amendment warrengrossll https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/648438837 1868

Though slavery had been abolished, many states created laws that denied rights to Black people. The 14th Amendment sought to ensure that all people would enjoy the same rights, regardless of where in the United States they lived.]]> 2020-07-06 16:06:38 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/648438837 Plessy vs Ferguson warrengrossll https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/648463754 1892-1896

In 1890, Louisiana created separate railroad cars for Black and white passengers. Homer Plessy was 1/8 of Black descent and was arrested in 1892  for riding in a car designated for white passengers. The Supreme Court decided that separate, equal facilities did not violate a person's rights. This brought forth segregation in all areas of society including schools.]]> 2020-07-06 16:41:05 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/648463754 1863 President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649186578 All slaves were deemed free; however, freedom would not happen in all states until two and a half years later with Texas being the last state to free slaves. ]]> 2020-07-07 13:47:38 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649186578 1865 The Civil War Ends hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649186927 The 13th Amendment abolishing slavery is ratified]]> 2020-07-07 13:48:05 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649186927 1868 Civil Rights Act grants citizenship and the same rights employed by white citizens to all male persons in the United States. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649188295 2020-07-07 13:49:24 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649188295 1870: Jim Crow Laws are passed in some Southern States including Tennessee. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649189349 "Jim Crow laws were a collection of state and local statutes that legalized racial segregation."]]> 2020-07-07 13:50:31 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649189349 1870: 15th Amendment that bans racial discrimination in voting is ratified. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649191120 2020-07-07 13:52:16 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649191120 1910: NAACP or National Association for the Advancement of Colored People is founded by W.E.B Du Bois, Jane Addams, John Dewey and others. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649192018 2020-07-07 13:53:05 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649192018 1920: 19th Amendment is ratified that gives American women the right to vote. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649192880 2020-07-07 13:53:52 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649192880 1925: The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) marches on Washington D.C. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649193586 "The Ku Klux Klan was a white supremacist terrorist group that emerged during Reconstruction."]]> 2020-07-07 13:54:38 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649193586 1955: 14 year old African-American Emmett Till is beaten and murdered for speaking to a white woman, Mississippi hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649202598 2020-07-07 14:02:53 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649202598 1955: Rosa Parks, civil rights activist, is jailed for refusing to to the back of a Montgomery, Alabama, bus. A boycott follows. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649203767 2020-07-07 14:04:13 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649203767 1955: Claudette Colvin, 15, refuses to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649204927 2020-07-07 14:05:44 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649204927 1955-1956 Montgomery Bus Boycott ends in victory when a federal ruling from the US Supreme Court declares the Alabama and Montgomery laws requiring segregated buses to be unconstitutional. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649208451 2020-07-07 14:08:49 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649208451 1957: Little Rock Nine integrate Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649210632 "Their attendance at the school was a test of Brown v. Board of Education, a landmark 1954 Supreme Court ruling that declared segregation in public schools unconstitutional."]]> 2020-07-07 14:11:10 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649210632 1960: College student sit-ins at lunch counters begin in Greensboro, North Carolina. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649214900 "The Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) founded."]]> 2020-07-07 14:12:45 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649214900 1961: Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) organizes Freedom Rides into the South to test new Interstate Commerce Commission regulations and court orders barring segregation in interstate transportation. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649215746 "Riders are beaten by white mob in several places, including Birmingham and Montgomery, Alabama."]]> 2020-07-07 14:13:40 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649215746 1963: Medgar Evers, NAACP secretary and Civil Rights activist is assasinated hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649216699 2020-07-07 14:14:43 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649216699 1963: Martin Luther King Jr's "I Have a Dream Speech" hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649217632 "Over a quarter of a million people participate in the March on Washington. Martin Luther King Jr. delivers his "I Have a Dream" speech."]]> 2020-07-07 14:15:45 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649217632 1963: 16th Street Baptist Church Bombing hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649218482 "The 16th Street Baptist Church, center for Civil Rights
meetings, is bombed. Four young African American girls attending Sunday school are killed, 20 others are injured., Birmingham, Alabama."]]> 2020-07-07 14:16:36 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649218482 1964: Martin Luther King Jr., receives the Nobel Peace Prize. Congress passes the Civil Rights Act of 1964, declaring racial discrimination illegal. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649226117 2020-07-07 14:22:52 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649226117 1965: A march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama, is organized to demand protection for voting rights. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649227360 2020-07-07 14:23:56 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649227360 1965: Malcolm X is assassinated. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649228837 2020-07-07 14:24:38 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649228837 1965: A new Voting Rights Act, which made it illegal to force would-be voters to pass literacy tests in order to vote, is signed. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649231197 2020-07-07 14:26:48 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649231197 1966: Black Panthers is founded by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649231476 "The Black Panthers, also known as the Black Panther Party, was a political organization founded to challenge police brutality against the African American community."]]> 2020-07-07 14:27:05 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649231476 December 12, 1956: Clinton Twelve Integrate Clinton HS warrengrossll https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649232220 Twelve students were the first to integrate the high school in Clinton, Tennessee. The Promise of Change by Jo Ann Allen Boyce tells the story of these 12 courageous students.]]> 2020-07-07 14:27:52 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649232220 1967: Thurgood Marshall becomes the first African American justice of the SupremeCourt. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649233120 2020-07-07 14:28:56 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649233120 1968: Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649234481 "The assassination sparks unrest and civil disorders in 124 cities across the country, including the nation's capital, Washington, D.C."]]> 2020-07-07 14:30:16 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649234481 1972: Equal Employment Opportunity Act passed, prohibiting job discrimination hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649235723 2020-07-07 14:31:29 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649235723 1989: Gen. Colin Powell is first African American Chair of JointChiefs of Staff of US Military hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649236770 2020-07-07 14:32:30 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649236770 1993: Mae Jemison, first African American woman astronaut in space hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649237077 2020-07-07 14:32:49 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649237077 2008: Barack Obama is elected first African American US President. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649238838 "Security was increased early for Obama due to fears and overt threats of possible assassination attempts by white supremacist or other racist groups or individuals."]]> 2020-07-07 14:34:42 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649238838 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre and Riots (Black Wall Street Attacks) hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649240966 "Following World War I, Tulsa was recognized nationally for its affluent African American community known as the Greenwood District. This thriving business district and surrounding residential area was referred to as “Black Wall Street.” In June 1921, a series of events nearly destroyed the entire Greenwood area."]]> 2020-07-07 14:36:44 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649240966 1865: Juneteenth hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649242844 Juneteenth honors the end to slavery in the United States and is considered the longest-running African American holiday.]]> 2020-07-07 14:38:56 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649242844 2007: Abigail Caldwell digs up the park in hopes of finding the fortune left behind. She was forced to resign from her job as city manager. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649245110 pp 1-3]]> 2020-07-07 14:41:10 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649245110 PRESENT DAY CHAPTER 2-5: Candice Miller moves to Lambert, South Carolina. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649246758 2020-07-07 14:42:44 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649246758 PRESENT DAY CHAPTER 6: Candice finds the letter from her grandmother. hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649249104 p. 32: "Find the path. Solve the puzzle."]]> 2020-07-07 14:45:10 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649249104 1915: Birth of a Nation (aka "The Clansman") Racist Propaganda Movie Premieres hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649415958 "However, because of its explicit racism, Birth of a Nation is also regarded as one of the most offensive films ever made. Actually titled The Clansman for its first month of release, the film provides a highly subjective history of the Civil War, Reconstruction, and the rise of the Ku Klux Klan."]]> 2020-07-07 18:04:14 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649415958 1948: Shelley vs. Kraemer Case hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649420702 Housing is not determined by color of skin, ethnicity, or racial background. This case brought on an open housing movement where racial covenants or contracts were no longer upheld. ]]> 2020-07-07 18:11:21 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649420702 1991/1992: Beating of Rodney King/LA Race Riots hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649423753 "Born on April 2, 1965, in Sacramento, California, Rodney Glen King was an African American who became a symbol of racial tension in America, after his beating by Los Angeles police officers in 1991 was videotaped and broadcast to the nation."]]> 2020-07-07 18:16:06 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649423753 2016: Philando Castile was murdered in Falcon Heights, MN (Police Involvement) hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649426356 2020-07-07 18:20:00 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649426356 2016: Alton Sterling was murdered in Baton Rouge, LA (Police Involvement) hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649426720 2020-07-07 18:20:27 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649426720 2015: Walter Scott was murdered in North Charleston, S.C. (Police Involvement) hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649426943 2020-07-07 18:20:49 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649426943 2015: Eric Harris was murdered in Tulsa, OK (Police Involvement) hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649427257 2020-07-07 18:21:18 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649427257 2014: Tamir Rice was murdered in Cleveland, OH (Police Involvement) hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649427520 2020-07-07 18:21:39 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649427520 2014: Michael Brown Jr. was murdered in Ferguson, MO (Police Involvement) hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649427882 2020-07-07 18:22:09 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649427882 2014: Eric Garner was murdered in New York City, NY (Police Involvement) hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649430324 2020-07-07 18:25:34 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649430324 2015: Freddie Gray Jr. was murdered in Baltimore, MD (Police Involvement) hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649431694 2020-07-07 18:27:30 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649431694 2020: George Floyd was murdered in Minneapolis, MN (Police Involvement) hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649433785 2020-07-07 18:30:35 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649433785 2020: Breonna Taylor was murdered in Louisville, KY (Police Involvement) hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649434205 2020-07-07 18:31:16 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649434205 1892: Ida B. Wells, journalist, led an anti-lynching campaign in 1892 hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649436825 2020-07-07 18:34:08 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649436825 1845: Frederick Douglass publishes the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649438231 "Abolitionist leader Frederick Douglass was born into slavery sometime around 1818 in Talbot County, Maryland. He became one of the most famous intellectuals of his time, advising presidents and lecturing to thousands on a range of causes, including women’s rights and Irish home rule."]]> 2020-07-07 18:36:11 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649438231 1918-mid 1930's: Harlem Renaissance in New York City, NY hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649442166 "The Harlem Renaissance was the development of the Harlem neighborhood in New York City as a black cultural mecca in the early 20th Century and the subsequent social and artistic explosion that resulted. Lasting roughly from the 1910s through the mid-1930s, the period is considered a golden age in African American culture, manifesting in literature, music, stage performance and art."]]> 2020-07-07 18:41:33 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649442166 1937: Zora Neale Hurston publishes "Their Eyes Were Watching God" hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649443173 2020-07-07 18:43:11 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/649443173 Chapter 9 hamptonsp https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/654288693 2020-07-14 15:45:37 UTC https://padlet.com/hamptonsp/parkerinheritance/wish/654288693