Think of it like water flowing through a hose. The current is the movement of electric charge, and it's what powers up everything in the circuit.

In a series circuit, the current has only one path to take. This means that all the electricity flows in a single loop from the battery, through the switch, past the bulbs or other components, and then back to the battery. The strength of the current depends on how much power the battery has and what's in the circuit. For instance, adding more bulbs can make each one less bright because they have to share the same amount of current.

Understanding current helps us know how much electricity is flowing and whether it's enough to make all the parts of the circuit work properly.

The battery provides the voltage, similar to how a pump provides pressure to move water through a hose. In a series circuit, the voltage from the battery is divided among all the components.

If you have more components, each gets a smaller push. Understanding voltage helps us see how strong the push is and how it affects everything in the circuit.

Insulators are materials which are poor conductors and do not allow electrical current to flow through them easily.

• current

• volts / voltage

• electrical conductor

• electrical insulator