Symptoms: flexed posture, dysphagia, festinating gait, freezing, dementia, fatigue.

Symptoms:

• Abnormal Sensations ("pins and needles", "burning", or "aching")

• Grey, blurring, or double vision (diplopia)

• Nystagmus

• Poor balance

• Ataxia gait

• Fatigue

• Weakness

• Spasticity

Multidisciplinary management (speech, OT, PT)

Riluzole is the only medication for tx of ALS

Medications can be given for cramping, depression, spasticity.

Symptoms:

Limb-Loss onset: asymmetric arm or leg weakness

Bulbar-loss onset: dysarthria or dysphagia

Weakness, muscle cramps, atrophy, and fatigue

Occurs distally then proximally

Sit to Stand: performing 3 sets of 10-12 reps; small rest break we are working on intensity

Symptoms:

• Progressive loss of motor function (distal to proximal)

• Impaired sensations

• Respiratory compromise can occur

Symptoms:

• having had polio, signs of residual weakness and muscle atrophy, signs of EMG

• period of partial or complete functional recovery followed by relative stability which lasts 15+ years

• New neurological weakness

• symptoms present at least 1 year

Address secondary deficits (reconditioning, loss of muscle mass, MSK changes and stiffness).

Transfer training: Practice transfers with breaks to help increase strength and improve independence

Moderate resistance can increase strength

Overuse is not an issue if the MMT is 3/5

Balance and rest is important

Precaution with aspiration

- Abduct and adduct leg with knee and hip extended, leg sliding on the table in supine position x5 bilaterally

(in neuro book - pg 544)

Seated sticky note toe touches x8 bilaterally

- ROM of effective extremities/body to avoid contractures due to immobilization for lengthy periods of time - full available ROM x10 ea. P/AA/AROM depending on patient strength and abilities

• Pulmonary/respiratory support

• Positioning

• Pain management

• Education

Plateau phase:

• Gradually increase activity while avoiding overuse

• Increase upright posture tolerance

• Maintain ROM

• Improve pulmonary function

Recovery phase:

• Return motor function (usually proximal to distal)

• Avoid overuse and DOMS

• Plan for rest breaks

• Strengthening and maximizing functional abilities

Strengthing: Short intervals with rest in-between, every-other day basis, avoid increase of muscle or joint pain

• Ambulate safely

• Achieve optimal functional independence

• Avoid fatigue

• Avoid Muscular overuse

• Educate the patient and family

Also known as Lou Gehrigs disease.

UMN degenerate in the cortex and corticospinal tract

LMN degenerate in the brain stem and anterior horn cells

Referred to as a syndrome because it covers a broad group of demyelinating inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathies.

Subtypes:

- Acquired inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP)

- Acute motor axonal neuropathy

Viral infection that attacks some parts of the anterior horn cells.