1. Acknowledging Allah’s worship. = conforms his supremacy and sovereignty

2. Fulfilling our purpose of creation = jin and humans were created to worship Allah.

etc : Quran is our guidance, ibadah remove our sins.

1. Spiritual developments = helps purify the soul and bring individual closer to Allah

2. Obedience and submission = obedience to Allah’s command

THE IMPORTANCE OF NIYYAH :

! WORSHIP

• solat, zakah, fasting

• DEEDS : bad intentions ( ❎ Allah ) | good intentions ( ✅ Allah )

THE APPLICATION OF IBADAH BASED ON QURAN & SUNNAH :

• QURAN

• every action done for the sake of Allah, not just rituals but all aspects of life.

Qur’an: “And I did not create the jinn and mankind except to worship Me.” ( Surah Adh-Dhariyat, 51:56)

Surah Al-Baqarah (2:21):

“O mankind, worship your Lord, who created you and those before you, that you may become righteous.”

→ Worship leads to righteousness (taqwa).

• SUNNAH

a.“Pray as you have seen me praying.”

→ This shows that acts of ibadah must follow the Prophet’s method.

b.“Every action is judged by intention, and each person will get what he intended.” (Bukhari & Muslim

→ Intention (niyyah) is essential for ibadah to be valid.

c. “Whoever does an action that is not in accordance with our matter (religion), it will be rejected.” (Muslim)

→ Acts of ibadah must align with the Sunnah.

CONCLUSION : IF GOOD DEEDS IS DONE WITH THE INTENTION OF PLEASING ALLAH, CAN BECOME ACT OF WORSHIP.

1. to discuss about the hikmah of performing ibadah ( salah, sawm, zakah, hajj )

1. salah

• avoid to commit sins

• remembrance of Allah is greater

• purify man’s soul

• surah al - ankabut ayah 45

“ Read and follow (O Muhammad) what is revealed to you from the Koran, and establish prayer (persistently); Indeed, prayer prevents evil and evil actions; and indeed remembering Allah is greater (in benefits and effects); and (remember) Allah knows what you do.”

2. sawm ( fasting )

• surah al baqarah verses 83

“And [recall] when We took the covenant from the Children of Israel, [enjoining upon them], “Do not worship except Allah; and to parents do good and to relatives, orphans, and the needy. And speak to people good [words] and establish prayer and give zakah.” Then you turned away, except a few of you, and you were refusing.”

• a practice to overcome desires

• refrain from haram

1. 3. zakah

• surah at taubah verse 103

“Take (some) of their wealth as charity (zakat), that you may thereby purify them (from sin) and purify them (from bad morals); and pray for them, for verily your prayer is a security for them. And (remember) that Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing”

• purify their wealth

• to get Allah’s blessings

4. hajj

• surah al baqarah verse 197

“ (The time for performing the Hajj is a certain number of months. So whoever has made it obligatory upon himself (with the intention of performing) the Hajj, then he should not have intercourse with his wife, nor should he commit immorality, nor should he quarrel, during the Hajj. And whatever good you do, Allah knows it; and take with you a provision in sufficient quantity, for verily the best provision is that which is self-restraint (from the shame of asking for charity); and fear Me, O people of understanding (who can think and understand).”

• teaching humility, patience, sacrifice and oneness

• to be closer to Allah

• self purification and repentant

OBJECTIVES :

1. to understand the meaning of khushu

2. to observe on how to attain khushu before,during and after the observance of salah

WHAT IS KHUSHU ?

a deep sense of humility, submission and complete focus in the presence of Allah.

HOW TO ATTAIN KHUSHU?

• TAHARAH

a) wudu

obligatory:

~ washing the face , niyyat

~washing the arms

~wiping over the head

~washing the feet

( must be in tertib )

mualah : performing each act without long interruption

b) tayammum

~ wiping the face , niyyah

~ wiping the hands up to the wrists

DALIL :

Volume 1, Book 4, Number 138:

Narrated Nu'am Al-Mujmir:

Once I went up the roof of the mosque, along with Abu Huraira. He perform ablution and said, "I heard the Prophet saying, "On the Day of Resurrection, my followers will be called "Al-Ghurr-ul-Muhajjalun" from the trace of ablution and whoever can increase the area of his radiance should do so (i.e. by performing ablution regularly).' "

CONDITION FOR THE ACCEPTANCE OF SALAH

1. purify : from major to minor impurities

2. covering the aurah : based on gender ( male - from the belly button to the knee ) ( female - every part of body except face and palms )

3. facing towards qiblah : praying in the direction of kaabah

4. proper timing ⏱️: praying with the appointed time ( the earliest we could do)

5. intention : a clear intention to perform the specific salah

6. sanity and naturity : must be of sound mind and ideally reached the age of responsibility

PILLARS OF SALAH :

1. takbirat al-ihram

2. standing ( if able )

3. reciting al - fatihah ( in each rakaat )

4. ruku ( bowing with hands on knee)

5. sujud : two sujud per rakaah

6. sitting between sujud

7. final tashhud ( recitation before concluding )

8. taslim ( salam )

9. timaninah ( calmness in position)

10. tertib

APPLICATION OF SALAH BASED ON SITUATION

1. QASR AND JAMA’ ( shortened and combined prayers)

2. NAWAFIL ( voluntary prayers) ( dhuha, tahajud, witir )

• to enhance spiritual connection

1. PRAYING DURING ILNESS

• can be form while sitting,lying, eye movement depending ability

CONCLUSION: doing all this could lead to get khusyuk.

Introduction

In Islam, Zakah and Sadaqah are among the most important acts of worship. They are not just about giving money but are ways to please Allah and help others. Zakah is an obligatory charity, while Sadaqah is voluntary charity. Both of them have deep meanings and benefits, not only for the receiver but also for the giver. Through Zakah and Sadaqah, a Muslim can purify their soul, strengthen their faith, and build a better society. Below are three main virtues found in Zakah and Sadaqah: Tazkiyyah (purification), Tawakkul (reliance on Allah), and Ukhuwwah (brotherhood).

1. Tazkiyyah (Purification of Wealth and Soul)

Zakah and Sadaqah purify both the wealth and the heart. When we give from what we have, we are removing selfishness, pride, and greed from our hearts. It helps the giver become more humble and thankful. At the same time, the wealth we have becomes cleaner and more blessed by Allah.

Dalil:

“Take, [O Muhammad], from their wealth a charity by which you purify them and cause them increase…”

(Surah At-Tawbah 9:103)

2. Tawakkul (Reliance on Allah)

Giving Zakah or Sadaqah trains us to trust that Allah will provide. Some people fear that giving money might make them poor, but in Islam, we believe that charity will never decrease wealth. Instead, it brings barakah (blessings).

Dalil:

“And whatever you spend – He will compensate it; and He is the best of providers.”

(Surah Saba’ 34:39)

Hadith:

The Prophet ﷺ said:

“Charity does not decrease wealth.”

(Sahih Muslim)

3. Ukhuwwah (Brotherhood)

Zakah and Sadaqah help strengthen brotherhood among Muslims. When the rich care for the poor, love and unity grow in society. It reduces jealousy and hatred and replaces them with respect and kindness.

Dalil:

“The believers are but brothers, so make settlement between your brothers…”

(Surah Al-Hujurat 49:10)

Hadith:

The Prophet ﷺ said:

“The example of the believers in their love, mercy, and compassion for one another is like a body. If one part is in pain, the whole body responds with sleeplessness and fever.”

(Sahih Bukhari and Muslim)

Relation Between Brotherhood and Sadaqah

Sadaqah is one of the best ways to show brotherhood. It shows that we care for our Muslim brothers and sisters. When we give, we are not only helping someone in need but also creating a sense of belonging and unity in the ummah. This is how a strong Muslim community is built—on love, care, and mutual support.

Conclusion

Zakah and Sadaqah are more than just financial actions; they are spiritual and social tools to purify, to strengthen faith, and to unite the ummah. Through them, we achieve Tazkiyyah, build Tawakkul, and strengthen Ukhuwwah. They remind us that our wealth is a trust from Allah, and sharing it with others brings both personal growth and societal harmony. As Muslims, we should give regularly and sincerely, knowing that Allah sees and rewards every act of charity.

Virtues of Sawm (Fasting)

Sawm (fasting) is one of the five pillars of Islam. Muslims fast during the month of Ramadan as a form of worship to Allah. It is more than just abstaining from food and drink — it is a spiritual training that builds good character, strengthens the soul, and brings a person closer to Allah. Fasting teaches important values such as Sabr (patience), Takrim (dignity), and Rahmah (mercy). Let’s look at each of these values and how fasting helps us develop them.

1. Sabr (Patience)

Fasting helps us practice self-control and patience. We are patient with hunger, thirst, tiredness, and even emotions like anger. We also learn to avoid bad behavior. This teaches us how to be strong in the face of life’s challenges.

Dalil (Qur’an):

“O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may become righteous (taqwa).”

(Surah Al-Baqarah 2:183)

Hadith:

The Prophet ﷺ said:

“Fasting is half of patience.”

(Narrated by Ibn Majah)

2. Takrim (Dignity and Honour)

Fasting gives us a sense of honour and self-respect. When we fast, we stay away from sinful actions and bad speech. We act with dignity, because we know Allah is watching us. This builds our moral character and helps us behave like true believers.

Hadith:

The Prophet ﷺ said:

“When one of you is fasting, he should avoid sexual relations and foolish or angry talk. If someone fights him or insults him, he should say: ‘I am fasting.’”

(Sahih Bukhari & Muslim)

3. Rahmah (Mercy)

Fasting increases our compassion and mercy for others. When we feel hunger and thirst, we start to understand the struggles of the poor and needy. This makes our hearts softer and more generous.

Hadith:

The Prophet ﷺ said:

“He is not a believer whose stomach is filled while the neighbour to his side goes hungry.”

(Sunan Al-Kubra, Al-Bayhaqi)

Conclusion

Sawm is a powerful act of worship that shapes our character and strengthens our relationship with Allah. Through fasting, we learn Sabr (patience in hardship), live with Takrim (dignity in behavior), and grow in Rahmah (mercy toward others). It is a spiritual journey that teaches us discipline, self-respect, and kindness. After Ramadan, a true believer should carry these values throughout the rest of the year and become a better servant of Allah and a better person in society.

1. Al-Tadhiyyah (Sacrifice)

Meaning

Al-Tadhiyyah means sacrifice — giving up something beloved for the sake of Allah. It teaches a Muslim to put Allah’s commands above personal desires, comfort, and material possessions.

In Hajj and Umrah

• The act of leaving one’s home, job, family, and enduring long travels shows emotional and physical sacrifice.

• Wearing the ihram and avoiding luxuries symbolizes leaving behind worldly attachments.

• The ritual of slaughtering (Qurban) during Hajj (after standing at Arafah and stoning the Jamarat) commemorates the sacrifice of Prophet Ibrahim عليه السلام, who was ready to sacrifice his son Ismail for Allah’s sake.

Dalil

“Indeed, my prayer, my rites of sacrifice, my living and my dying are for Allah, Lord of the worlds.”

— Surah Al-An’am (6:162)

2. Taqwa (God-Consciousness)

Meaning

Taqwa means being conscious of Allah in every moment — knowing that He sees us, and striving to obey Him and avoid sin out of love and fear of Him.

In Hajj and Umrah

• Every ritual in Hajj and Umrah is designed to bring the pilgrim closer to Allah.

• Pilgrims practice patience, avoid arguments, control their tongues, and humble themselves — all signs of taqwa.

• When people perform tawaf (circumambulation), sa’i (running between Safa and Marwah), and standing at Arafah, they are in direct spiritual connection with Allah, reflecting on their sins and seeking forgiveness.

• Hajj is a time to renew one’s taqwa and return to Allah with a clean heart.

Dalil

“And take provisions, but indeed, the best provision is Taqwa.”

— Surah Al-Baqarah (2:197)

Conclusion

Hajj and Umrah are not only rituals; they are training grounds for a Muslim’s soul. They teach us al-Tadhiyyah — to sacrifice our comforts and desires for the sake of Allah, and they strengthen our Taqwa — our awareness and closeness to Him. When these two virtues are practiced sincerely, the pilgrim returns home spiritually purified, like a newborn, ready to live a life of obedience and purpose.