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      <title>Learning Diary - MOOC Competences for 21st Century Schools by Costanza</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury</link>
      <description>Costanza Boresi, Italy</description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2016-09-19 20:49:48 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2024-07-14 22:51:39 UTC</lastBuildDate>
      <webMaster>hello@padlet.com</webMaster>
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      <item>
         <title>Hi everybody!</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/124905838</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>I'm Costanza and I teach English as a foreign language in a secondary school in Finale Emilia. My students are 14-19 years old.<br>I'm an active eTwinner and a life-long learner.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-09-19 20:59:18 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/124905838</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Module 1</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/124906206</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>Learning Objectives:<br></strong><br></div><div><strong>1.</strong> Understand what is meant by ‘key competences’ also often referred to as ‘21st century skills’, and why developing them at school is so important in today’s world;&nbsp;<br><br></div><div><strong>2.</strong> Understand that the definition of competences as well as national and international frameworks vary but share common points;&nbsp;<br><br></div><div><strong>3.</strong> Be familiar with the basic key principles for teaching and assessing key competences, and self-assess your current practice and identify areas for improvement;&nbsp;<br><br></div><div><strong>4.</strong> Be familiar with how various countries across Europe have implemented a key competence approach in school education, particularly in Ireland which is the case study country used throughout the course.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-09-19 21:01:18 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/124906206</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/126803536</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>education systems are moving away from content-led approaches and focusing more on helping learners develop a range of competences to cope in a complex world</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-09-27 19:47:30 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/126803536</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>competence</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/126807128</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-09-27 20:03:49 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/126807128</guid>
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         <title>Key points in teaching key competences</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127719940</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padletuploads.blob.core.windows.net/aws/47137723/d6209612d148d5e07038ca932d4c13ce/Key_Points_on_Teaching_Key_Competences.pdf" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 12:34:30 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127719940</guid>
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         <title>8 principles for teaching key competences effectively</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127720468</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>1. teaching should be task-based. Learners should develop key competences through active, authentic, collaborative tasks based on problem-solving. Problems should be complex and with multiple solutions, allowing students to produce the solution in a variety of forms.<br>2. teaching should be interdisciplinary: that is, taught through contexts that combine several subject areas.<br>3. learning should be both collaborative and individualised: Learners must collaborate to develop social and communicative competences, but also be able to act autonomously and self-manage.<br>4. teaching needs to be both learner- and teacher-led. For example, while project-based learning encourages pupils to be active and responsible for their own learning, activities need to be supported by guidance and explicit instruction from the teacher where relevant. In particular, learners need support to develop their ability to learn independently; also known as the ‘learning to learn’ competence, which we looked at earlier in this module.<br>5. teaching and learning where possible should be technologically innovative: Involving the pedagogical use of ICT and mobile technology can really enhance students’ digital competence, as well as an array of other competences.<br>6. teaching and learning of key competences should take place both inside and outside of school. A learning environment does not have to be classroom based; it can be outdoors or even virtual. Teaching should harness the potential of extra-curricular activities and after school programmes, paying closer attention to how learners apply their informal and non-formal learning to what they learn in class<br>7. teachers should collaborate with the wider community including the social, cultural and business sectors to create more opportunities for real world learning.<br>8. the teaching of key competences requires teachers to pay closer attention to the social and emotional aspects of learning, including the quality of relationships between and among teachers and learners. This is important as researchers have argued that supporting learners’ social and emotional needs stimulates well-rounded growth in learners, which forms a basis for the development of the full range of key competences.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-10-02 12:45:34 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127720468</guid>
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         <title>Assessment</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127721225</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Summative assessment (assessment OF learning) – that is the tests and examinations they design in order to assign course grades, or at the end of the school year.<br><br>Formative assessment (assessment FOR learning)– the kind of interactive assessment that takes place in the course of learning, where the information gathered can be used to adjust teaching and learning and better meet student needs.<br><br> student self-assessment of progress toward the transversal competences. These are competences that do not have a learning “standard” – such as creativity, initiative and constructive management of feelings - but where it may be important for each student to track his or her development.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-10-02 13:02:31 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127721225</guid>
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         <title>A few studies have found that students learning in courses that emphasise the kind of higher-order skills featured in key competence curricula may outperform students who are learning in courses that emphasise content knowledge. The students in the first group also tend to retain information longer.</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127725519</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 14:20:21 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127725519</guid>
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         <title>The key competences also emphasise the importance of transversal skills. These are the kinds of skills that are important for personal development, and for learning-to-learn. They are also a new challenge for assessment, as they fall beyond the subject-related learning objectives with very clear learning standards</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127725604</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 14:21:43 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127725604</guid>
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         <title>Tracking tools and portfolios can help teachers and students to focus on these important skills, and support learners as they grow and mature.</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127725649</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-10-02 14:22:27 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127725649</guid>
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         <title>Most European countries have also introduced key competences and related learning outcomes into their national curricula for compulsory education, during the last decade.</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127726107</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 14:30:29 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127726107</guid>
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         <title>While no country has made a complete shift to competence-based education, several countries have made significant progress. In addition to introducing legal and curricular frameworks for key competences, countries have used various strategies to foster a competence-based approach in the classroom. These include innovative partnerships, pilot projects, the monitoring and evaluation of new initiatives, dedicated funding and capacity building.</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127726169</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 14:31:32 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127726169</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127726353</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="http://globalenterpriseproject.eu/" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 14:34:58 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127726353</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127726663</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padletuploads.blob.core.windows.net/aws/47137723/f4f887d75107c5f7a7637259beb3ba22/KCN2014_Online_Public_Consultation_ofStakeholders__Summary.pdf" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 14:40:09 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127726663</guid>
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         <title>The good news is that there is almost universal agreement among teachers, students, parents and head teachers that key competences are indeed important for helping people succeed in learning and life, and progress has been made in defining and integrating key competences in national curricula. However, if competence-based education is to become a reality, improvement is needed in terms of collaboration and communication among stakeholders.</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127726865</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 14:43:46 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127726865</guid>
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         <title>Irish Case Study</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127727582</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-10-02 14:56:06 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127727582</guid>
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         <title>Learning objectives, curriculum and assessment need to be aligned</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127728082</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 15:04:01 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127728082</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127729798</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><figure class="attachment attachment-preview" data-trix-attachment="{&quot;contentType&quot;:&quot;image&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:344,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://spark.adobe.com/image_assets/slate/6c92f8a2-8ee8-40b1-aa8e-eaf59079d158/images/c09e89a2-96a9-435e-b36f-384b6554ed6f.png?asset_id=a55541d7-337f-4eb2-bb7b-0d6536baf338&amp;img_etag=20ae89663168f12e398ed095a78eaf81&amp;size=2560&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:540}" data-trix-content-type="image"><img src="https://spark.adobe.com/image_assets/slate/6c92f8a2-8ee8-40b1-aa8e-eaf59079d158/images/c09e89a2-96a9-435e-b36f-384b6554ed6f.png?asset_id=a55541d7-337f-4eb2-bb7b-0d6536baf338&amp;img_etag=20ae89663168f12e398ed095a78eaf81&amp;size=2560" width="540" height="344"><figcaption class="caption"></figcaption></figure></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-10-02 15:28:06 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127729798</guid>
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         <title>Competence Reference Frameworks:</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127733234</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><br></div><div>European Union’s Recommendation on Key Competences for Lifelong Learning: <a href="http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32006H0962&amp;from=EN">http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32006H0962&amp;from=EN<br></a><br></div><div>UNESCO framework: <a href="http://www.unesco.org/education/pdf/15_62.pdf">http://www.unesco.org/education/pdf/15_62.pdf<br></a><br></div><div>OECD DESECO framework: <a href="http://www.oecd.org/education/skills-beyond-school/definitionandselectionofcompetenciesdeseco.htm">http://www.oecd.org/education/skills-beyond-school/definitionandselectionofcompetenciesdeseco.htm<br></a><br></div><div>Partnerships 21 framework: <a href="http://www.p21.org/">www.p21.org<br></a><br></div><div>ATC21S framework: <a href="http://www.atc21s.org/">http://www.atc21s.org<br></a><br></div><div>Microsoft 21st Century Learning Design: <a href="http://www.pil-network.com/pd/21CLD/Overview">http://www.pil-network.com/pd/21CLD/Overview<br></a><br></div><div>UNESCO ICT Competency Framework for Teachers<a href="http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0021/002134/213475e.pdf">http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0021/002134/213475e.pdf</a></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-10-02 16:17:51 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127733234</guid>
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         <title>Teaching key competences:</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127733338</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Old school or new school? Teach future skills and traditional subjects together: <a href="https://theconversation.com/old-school-or-new-school-teach-future-skills-and-traditional-subjects-together-18179">https://theconversation.com/old-school-or-new-school-teach-future-skills-and-traditional-subjects-together-18179<br></a><br></div><div>ATC21S professional development module: Teaching and learning 21st century skills : <a href="https://d396qusza40orc.cloudfront.net/atc21s/Resources/PD_Module%205_for%20web_V2.pdf">https://d396qusza40orc.cloudfront.net/atc21s/Resources/PD_Module%205_for%20web_V2.pdf<br></a><br></div><div>ATC21S professional development module: ATC21S: Examples of teaching 21st century sub-skills in existing lessons: <a href="https://d396qusza40orc.cloudfront.net/atc21s/Resources/ATC21S%20Examples%20of%20teaching%2021C%20subskills%20in%20existing%20lessons_V2.pdf">https://d396qusza40orc.cloudfront.net/atc21s/Resources/ATC21S%20Examples%20of%20teaching%2021C%20subskills%20in%20existing%20lessons_V2.pdf<br></a><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-10-02 16:19:13 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127733338</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127733688</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="http://www.oecd.org/general/thecasefor21st-centurylearning.htm" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 16:24:43 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127733688</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127733853</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://youtu.be/LsthK7oWpi0" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 16:27:00 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127733853</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127734355</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-10-02 16:33:59 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127734355</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127735319</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-10-02 16:47:44 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127735319</guid>
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         <title>Module 2</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127735430</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><br><strong>Learning objectives:<br></strong><br></div><div><strong>1</strong>. Understand the principles behind Project Based Learning, including inquiry-based and problem-based methods;<br><br></div><div><strong>2</strong>. Be familiar with the preliminary checklist, basic steps and strategies recommended to design a Project Based Learning activity;<br><br></div><div><strong>3</strong>. Understand how to set-up a collaborative problem-solving task;<br><br></div><div><strong>4</strong>. Understand the cognitive and social skills learners need to apply and teachers need to observe during a collaborative problem-solving task;<br><br></div><div><strong>5</strong>. Be familiar with a range of Project Based Learning examples developed by teachers and students from different countries, targeting various competences and age levels;<br><br></div><div><strong>6</strong>. Be able to design a Project Based Learning Plan to effectively develop one or more of learners’ key competences or transversal skills.<br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-10-02 16:49:24 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127735430</guid>
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         <title>Project-based learning is an approach which uses methods such as inquiry-based learning and problem-based learning to develop students’ competences</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127736823</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Inquiry-based learning starts with questioning, continues with exploration and investigation and ends with finding a solution, drawing a reasonable conclusion, making a substantive decision or applying new knowledge or skills.<br>"non-Googleable Driving Questions"<br>Problem-based learning  is more practical. Students are given a real life problem to investigate, which can be described as an authentic problem and have to come up with possible solutions. It may be widely applied to all kinds of real life problems. The solutions can then be discussed and tested to see which will work best in a given situation.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2016-10-02 17:09:38 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127736823</guid>
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         <title>&amp;nbsp;Basic tenet of PBL</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127737283</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>‘Tell me and I forget, show me and I remember, involve me and I understand’.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 17:15:30 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127737283</guid>
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         <title>Preliminary checklist for PBL</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127737370</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>
<br> What is your project idea?
<br> What is the time frame proposed?
<br> Is the project idea manageable?
<br> Is it a project just between you and your class or will you collaborate with other teachers in your school or in other countries
<br> If it involves partners from other countries, what is the language proposed?
<br> What subjects could be integrated into this project?
<br> What technical tools, if any, will you use?
<br> How does your project fit with the school planning and calendar?</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 17:16:45 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127737370</guid>
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         <title>7 steps for PBL</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127737533</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Step 1. Involve your students from the very beginning. Start with a guided exploration of some topics you have in mind as a whole class; but also be prepared to change if better ideas are emerging from the class. It is important to establish certain ground rules regarding behavior with them in advance.<br>Step 2. Having defined the topic, in discussion with the class break it down into different tasks. Discuss which technologies to use and how they will be integrated<br>Step 3. Plan well, set goals, define outcomes. Above all be concrete, students need goals to work towards and responsibility of tasks in order to achieve them<br>Step 4. Proceed to put pupils into small groups with responsibilities for a particular task. Encourage pupils to ask personally relevant and socially significant questions regarding the topics chosen. Work to the strengths of each pupil.<br>Step 5. Create a tangible artifact that addresses the issue, answers questions, and makes learning visible and accountable.<br>Step 6. Arrive at a conclusion...take a stand...take action.<br>Step 7. Document, justify, and share conclusion with larger audience. (parents, school etc)<br>Build in presentation of the outcomes or artifact to different audiences as a key part of the project. Presentation of ideas to others consolidates the learning for the students.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 17:18:32 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127737533</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Steps of collaborative problem based tasks or projects</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127738151</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><br>1. Define the problem or collaborative project.<br><br>2. Identify project elements and components in detail;<br><br>3. for each component identify the resources that are essential. These can be: a. knowledge; b. materials; c. strategies; d. experience;e. equipment;<br><br>4. Allocate to each participant non-overlapping, unique sets of resources necessary to be contributed to the project completion or problem resolution. Divide the resources amongst the participants with no shared or common resources.<br>5. Clearly state the goals of the task or problem solution and observed to students procedure in the task.<br><br>6. Explain to the participants that they must identify the problem, sort out a strategy to resolve the problem or complete the task<br><br>7. The students also need to develop a means of keeping records of their decisions and discussions. For face-to-face attempts at collaborative problem-solving or collaborative project work keeping records is an essential aspect of the assessment process.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 17:25:23 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127738151</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Collaborative task</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127738509</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Everything we do has to be directly observable and evidence-based<br>what we do that other people can see<br>what we say that other people can hear<br>what we write that other people can read<br>what we make that other people can use<br>DO SAY WRITE MAKE<br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 17:29:36 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127738509</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>formative assessment</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127739108</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>to improve the students' performance AND to change the teaching practice<br>challenge students and remain positive and reinforcing</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 17:36:36 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127739108</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127757404</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padletuploads.blob.core.windows.net/aws/47137723/46201b8977c95f8fe45c01dea8a19b6e/KCN_TeacherGuide_Project_based_learning_Nov2014.pdf" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 22:33:23 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127757404</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127757504</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="http://theentrepreneurialschool.eu/" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 22:35:45 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127757504</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127757581</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="http://www.bie.org/" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 22:37:03 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127757581</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127757614</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="http://www.edutopia.org/project-based-learning" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 22:38:01 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127757614</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127758125</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padletuploads.blob.core.windows.net/aws/47137723/acea85338134f42232c2fceb07d94d26/2016_10_03__4_.png" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-02 22:47:57 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/127758125</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Module 3</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128324562</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Learning Objectives:<br>1. Be familiar with the three major approaches to student assessment (summative, formative and self-assessment) and understand that all types of assessment of key competences need to be valid, reliable and fair;<br>2. Understand that the assessment of key competences needs to measure students’ reasoning processes, understanding of interconnections, and problem-solving skills;<br>3. Be familiar with a range of innovative tools and approaches, both ‘low-tech’ and ‘high-tech’, which are effective at measuring students’ reasoning processes and ability to solve complex problems;<br>4. Understand the importance of classroom-based formative assessments for assessing key competences;<br>5. Be familiar with the evidence required for assessing collaborative problem solving, and how teachers can use rubrics and developmental progressions to interpret their observations of learners’ skills and behaviour.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-04 19:55:54 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128324562</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128324919</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padletuploads.blob.core.windows.net/aws/47137723/93da6850570134ffca917cd3da905e04/2016_10_04__1_.png" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-04 19:57:32 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128324919</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Effective assessments of key competences need to be valid, reliable and fair, and capture students’ reasoning processes and problem-solving skills.</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128341036</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-04 21:33:27 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128341036</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Assessment</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128341330</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Both summative and formative assessments are focused on whether students have achieved the learning objectives outlined in curriculum and standards. These assessments are typically criterion-referenced. In other words, there are specific criteria by which to gauge learning performance.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-04 21:35:54 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128341330</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>student self-assessment, also known as ipsative assessment, &amp;nbsp;focuses on the student’s personal development. Progress is measured against the student’s prior performances – so it is a self-referential approach. This approach is particularly appropriate for key competences that do not have a pre-defined learning objective – such as transversal skills of creativity, initiative, or the constructive management of feelings.</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128341449</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-04 21:36:47 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128341449</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Any assessment, whether summative, formative or self-assessment, needs to be valid, reliable and fair.&amp;nbsp;</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128341619</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><br> Validity means that the assessment effectively measures what it is intended to measure.
<br> Reliability refers to the extent to which the assessment is consistent and accurate over time, or across a large number of students.
<br> Fairness refers to the need to consider factors that could influence the assessment – such as a noisy environment that interrupts the student concentration, or assessments that systematically favour one group over another, such as girls vs. boys.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-04 21:38:15 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128341619</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>New approaches to summative assessment:</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128341937</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>&nbsp;portfolios (compiled over time and represents learner's progress, performances on real life tasks; problem: reliability), ICT-based assessments, simulations can measure the quality open-ended performances, or show how students carry out a complex process.<br><br>Classroom-based formative assessments are well suited to teaching key competences. Teachers may uncover how well students understand complex concepts through extended dialogues that build on a series of questions</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-04 21:41:37 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128341937</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128347305</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2015/12/02/how-to-make-sure-that-project-based-learning-is-applied-well-in-schools/" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-04 22:37:16 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128347305</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128347438</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="http://theconversation.com/old-school-or-new-school-teach-future-skills-and-traditional-subjects-together-18179" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-04 22:38:21 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/128347438</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>other examples</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/129316551</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>observation<br>tests and quizzes<br>review of written work<br>student presentation<br>projects<br>interviews</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-09 08:14:16 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/129316551</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>effective feedback</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/129316648</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>focused on task<br>clear criteria<br>suggestions for improvement<br>scaffolded feedback<br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-09 08:17:02 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/129316648</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>developmental progression from simple to sofisticated</title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/129317012</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>participation<br>perspective taking<br>social regulation<br>task regulation<br>task analysis<br>knowledge building<br>Vygotski (ZPD:&nbsp; <strong>zone of proximal development-</strong>zona di sviluppo prossimale)<br>participation-interaction-persistence-responsiveness-awareness-negotiation-metamemory-transactive memory-responsibility = skills in a collaborative solving task<br>cognitive skills = task analysis-resource management-flexibility/ambiguity-monitoring-systematicity(if/then relationship, rules, what if)</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-09 08:28:17 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/129317012</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/129318090</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padletuploads.blob.core.windows.net/aws/47137723/30434f7dc58d25a93762582f844fdbd6/Draft_PISA_2015_Collaborative_Problem_Solving_Framework_.pdf" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-09 08:54:25 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/129318090</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>costanzaboresi</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/129328535</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padletuploads.blob.core.windows.net/aws/47137723/01270f68be3f8ffcb16dce8acc8a3a9d/KCN_Assessment_ofCompetences_Nov2014.pdf" />
         <pubDate>2016-10-09 12:49:05 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/costanzaboresi/Competences21stCentury/wish/129328535</guid>
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