Brachiopods, trilobites, graptolites, and moss animals.

The primary reason for the Ordovician-Silurian Extinction is thought to be extensive glaciation and a decrease in sea levels. It resulted in the freezing of water into ice caps, leading to a significant drop in overall sea levels. 

Coral-sponge reefs in the tropics, fish, and plankton.

The most substantial evidence is associated with global anoxia. The deficiency of oxygen might have been instigated by either global cooling or oceanic volcanism.

Marine invertebrates, land plants, plankton, insects, and all life.

The prevailing agreement regarding the cause of the "Great Dying" points to intense volcanic activity, environmental shifts, and prolonged methane release. Factors such as an unstable climate, reduction in oceanic oxygen levels, or potential asteroid/comet impact are also considered as contributors.

Large amphibians, crurotarsans (not crocodiles), insects and conodonts.

Potential reasons include volcanoes and huge floods of lava. The sudden release of carbon dioxide made the climate change worse by making the greenhouse effect stronger.

Dinosaurs (not birds), pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs, and ammonoids.

The cause of this extinction event was an asteroid impact which left an impact called the Chicxulub Crater.