https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv en-us 2017-01-07 12:12:21 UTC 2026-02-05 13:59:10 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Thunder.png neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839360 Peripherals are electronic eqiupment connected to the CPU via cable]]> 2017-01-08 06:39:24 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839360 neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839387 Memory consists of two parts:
1. ROM: Read only memory
2. RAM: Random access memory also known as the read/write memory

]]> 2017-01-08 06:40:27 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839387 neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839440 A computer with microprocessor as it CPU is called a microcomputer.
It is also essentially an entire computer on a single chip.]]> 2017-01-08 06:42:48 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839440 neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839504 Most recently accessed memory is stored in something called as Cache]]> 2017-01-08 06:44:18 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839504 neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839520 System Bus is a group of wire bundled together that connects the CPU with the peripheral. 
There are three types of system buses:
1. Address system bus
2. Data system bus
3. Control system bus: Provides timing signals for synchronization.
Note: All peripherals share the same bus. However, the microprocessor communicated with only one peripheral at a time. The timing is provided by the control unit of the microprocessor. ]]> 2017-01-08 06:45:17 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839520 neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839631 2017-01-08 06:49:47 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839631 neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839632 Any operation needs all three system buses.]]> 2017-01-08 06:49:48 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839632 neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839648 A command to the microprocessor to perform a given task on  particular data.
The three types as per the size are:
1. 1byte    2. 2byte    3. 3byte
Each instruction has two parts:
op-code operand]]> 2017-01-08 06:50:11 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839648 neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839690 A microprocessor is a clock driven semiconductor device consisting of electronic logic circuits manufactured using either a large-scale integration(LSI) or very large scale integration(VLSI) technique.]]> 2017-01-08 06:51:54 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839690 neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839784 There registers are primarily used to store data temporarily during the execution of a program and are accessible to the user through instructions.]]> 2017-01-08 06:55:15 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839784 neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839923 A. Microprocessor: 
    1. Reads instruction from memory.
    2. Communicated with all peripherals using system bus.
    3. Controls the timing of information flow.
    4. performs computing tasks specified in the program
B. The memory:
    1. Stores binary information called instruction and data.
    2. Provides instruction and data to the microprocessor on request.
    3. Stores results and data for microprocessor.
C. The input devices:
    1. Enters data and instruction under the control of a program such as the monitor program.
D. The output devices:
   1. Accepts data from the microprocessor as specified in a program.
E. The bus:
    1. Carries bits between microprocessor and peripherals.]]> 2017-01-08 06:59:32 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145839923 neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145843139 Word=16bits
Nibble=4bits
A byte=8bits]]> 2017-01-08 09:20:13 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145843139 neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145843180 What kind of data can be given to the instruction is called data format.
1. Binary
2. BCD
3. Hexadecimal
4. Signed integer
5. Unsigned integer
6. ASCII]]> 2017-01-08 09:21:21 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145843180 neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145843252 An accumulator is a working register.]]> 2017-01-08 09:23:06 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145843252 neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145843296 1. Instruction register: Stores the code of the current instruction.
2. Program register: Stores the code of the next instruction.
3. Status register: Contains flip-flops called as flats which store extra bits or carry bits.]]> 2017-01-08 09:24:19 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145843296 neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145843455 The three basic characteristics used to differentiate microprocessor from microcontroller:
1. Instruction
2. Band-width
3. Clock-speed]]> 2017-01-08 09:29:21 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145843455 neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145843548 Two types of memory architeture:
1. Von-Neuman
2.Harward]]> 2017-01-08 09:31:56 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145843548 neemanayak6 https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145843603 Two types:
A. CISC:
     1. Complex instruction set computer.
     2. Prominant on Hardware.
     3. Multiple instruction sizes and formats.
     4. Less number of registors.
     5. More addressing modes.
     6. Extensive use of microprogramming.
     7. Instructions take varying amount of cycle time.
     8. Pipeline is difficult.
     9. Many instructions can reference memory
     10. Uses micro-program control unit.
     11. Eg, Pentium, SHARC[DSP processor].

B. RISC
      1. Reduced instruction set computer.
       2. Prominant on software.
       3. Instructions of the same set with few formats.
       4. More number of registers.
       5. Fewer addressing modes.
       6. Complexity in compiler.
       7. Instructions take only one cycle time.
       8. Pipeline is easy.
       9. Only Load and Store instructions can reference memory.
      10. Uses hardwire control unit.
11. ARM9]]> 2017-01-08 09:33:58 UTC https://padlet.com/neemanayak6/szgxk9xefpzv/wish/145843603