1. 작품 제목 / 작가 이름 / 장르 / 출판시점

2. 줄거리 요약 (Plot Summary)

3. 핵심 주제 (Theme)

4. 주요 인물 소개 (Main Characters)

5. 상징/명대사/작품의 메시지

6. 개인 해석 또는 감상 포인트

7. 작품사진

   
   

   영문 사용 필수 (전체 또는 부분적으로)

📌 기본 정보

• Author: Harper Lee

• Genre: Southern Gothic, Coming-of-Age

• Published: 1960, USA

  
  

🧩 줄거리 요약

Set in the racially segregated town of Maycomb, Alabama, during the 1930s, the novel follows Scout Finch as she navigates childhood and witnesses her father, Atticus Finch, defend a Black man, Tom Robinson, falsely accused of raping a white woman. Through Scout's innocent perspective, readers experience the harsh realities of prejudice and injustice.

👥 주요 인물

• Scout Finch: The young narrator, curious and courageous

• Atticus Finch: Scout’s father, a principled and moral lawyer

• Tom Robinson: A Black man wrongly accused of a crime

• Boo Radley: A mysterious neighbor who turns out to be a gentle protector

• 
  

🌱 주제 및 메시지

• Racial Injustice

• Moral Courage and Integrity

• Empathy and Perspective-Taking

• Loss of Innocence

“You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view… until you climb into his skin and walk around in it.” — Atticus

✨ 상징

• Mockingbird: Innocence and goodness unjustly harmed

• Camellias: Forgiveness and understanding

• Boo Radley’s Gifts: Silent acts of kindness

  
  

💬 감상

The novel made me reflect on how deeply rooted prejudice can harm innocent people. Atticus’s quiet strength taught me what real bravery looks like.

📌 기본 정보

• Author: Mary Shelley

• Genre: Gothic Science Fiction

• Published: 1818, England

• 
  

🧩 줄거리 요약

Victor Frankenstein, a young scientist, creates a sentient creature from dead body parts. However, horrified by its appearance, he rejects it. The creature, longing for acceptance but facing rejection and cruelty, seeks revenge on his creator. The novel explores the consequences of unchecked ambition and societal rejection.

👥 주요 인물

• Victor Frankenstein: A brilliant but reckless scientist

• The Creature: Intelligent, emotional, and tragically misunderstood

• Robert Walton: The explorer to whom Victor tells his story

• Elizabeth: Victor’s beloved and symbolic of human connection

  
  

🌱 주제 및 메시지

• The Dangers of Ambition and Playing God

• Isolation and the Human Need for Belonging

• Appearance vs. Reality

• Creator’s Responsibility

“I am malicious because I am miserable.” — The Creature

✨ 상징

• Fire/Light: Knowledge and its double-edged nature

• The Arctic: Isolation, obsession, and pursuit of the unattainable

• The Creature’s Journal: Inner humanity and self-awareness

  
  

💬 감상

Frankenstein made me think about how society treats those who are different. I felt sympathy for the creature more than for the creator. It’s a powerful story about responsibility and compassion.

나의 취미는 디즈니 영화 보는 것입니다

저의 취미는 침대에 누워서 드라마보기 입니다

Food makes me happy

I really like to try delicious food

한밤중에 개에게 일어난 의문의 사건

TITLE :《THE CURIOUS INCIDENT OF

THE DOG IN THE NIGHT-TIME》

AUTHOR : MARK HADDON

GENRE : A COMING-OF-AGE MYSTERY NOVEL

PULISHED : 2003, UK

Plot

Christopher Boone, a 15-year-old with autism, investigates his neighbor’s dog’sdeath. He discovers family secrets, travels alone to London, and gains independence through the journey.

Character :

Ed Boone) Christopher’s father, who cares for him but sometimes hides the truth.

Christopher Boone) A 15-year-old boy with autism who loves math and logic but finds social interaction difficult.

wellington) The neighbor’s dog whose death starts the mystery.

Theme

Communication – The struggles and efforts to connect with others.

Understanding Differences – Respecting and accepting people who see the world differently.

Truth and Lies – The importance and impact of facing the truth versus hiding it.

Personal interpretation

The book shows how people with autism see the world differently and teaches us to be more understanding. Christopher’s journey is about bravery and growing up.

작가: Jane Austen

(나는 마랄라)

마틸다-로알드 달

로미오와 줄리엣 - 윌리엄 셰익스피어

작가 이름: 니콜라스 스파크스

Anne Frank (안네 프랑크)

1. Plot Summary
In 1942, under Nazi occupation in Amsterdam, Jewish girl Anne Frank goes into hiding with her family in the Secret Annex. Writing to her imaginary friend “Kitty,” she records her fears, hopes, personal growth, and the details of daily life in hiding.
In 1944, the hiding place is betrayed. The diary ends abruptly, capturing her thoughts just before her arrest.
2. Main Characters
- Anne Frank: The protagonist and author. She grows from a lively, curious 13-year-old into a thoughtful, mature 15-year-old with dreams of becoming a writer.
- Margot Frank: Anne’s older sister. Quiet and modest, often admired by others, sometimes causing Anne to feel jealous.
- Kitty: Anne’s imaginary friend, the addressee of her diary entries, and her emotional confidante.
- Other residents and helpers: The Van Pels family, Fritz Pfeffer, and helpers like Miep Gies who supported the people in hiding.
3. Symbols / Emblems / Message
- Kitty: Symbolizes Anne’s desire for companionship and self-expression.
- Grandmother in dreams: Represents warmth, love, and longing for the past.
- Overall message: Even in war and oppression, human kindness, hope, and courage can endure.
4. Personal Interpretation and Appreciation Points
- Anne’s courage and voice: Despite being a teenager in hiding, she shows remarkable insight and hope.
- Growth in isolation: Even cut off from the world, one can develop self-awareness and creativity.
- The power of hope: Maintaining optimism in despair can be a quiet but powerful act of resistance.
- The role of writing: For Anne, writing was more than a hobby—it was a way to survive and understand herself.

멕베스 - 윌리엄셰익스피어

작가 이름: F. Scott Fitzgerald

작가: George Orwell

Writer : William Shakespeare

Genre : romance and drama

the time of publication : 1597

줄거리 :

Romeo and Juliet is a tragic love story by William Shakespeare about two young lovers from rival families, the Montagues and the Capulets. Despite their families’ hatred, Romeo and Juliet fall in love and secretly marry, hoping their union will end the feud. However, a series of tragic misunderstandings and violent events lead to both of their untimely deaths. In the end, their sacrifice moves their families to reconcile.

상징 :

1. The Rose

• Meaning: Represents love and beauty, but also the pain and danger that come with it.

• Explanation: When Juliet says, “What’s in a name? That which we call a rose / By any other name would smell as sweet,” she emphasizes that the essence of love is more important than names or family ties. The rose is a symbol of love itself.

2. Night and Day

• Meaning: Night symbolizes secret, hidden love and danger, while day represents the public, often harsh reality.

• Explanation: Romeo and Juliet’s love mostly takes place at night, which serves as both a protective cover and a symbol of the risks and uncertainties they face.

Poison and Dagger

• Meaning: Symbols of death, tragedy, and despair.

• Explanation: The poison and dagger used by Romeo and Juliet in the play’s climax symbolize the tragic consequences of their love and the ultimate sacrifice they make.

주제 및 메세지

1. The Power and Tragedy of Love

• Love is portrayed as a powerful, overwhelming force that can bring great joy but also lead to devastating consequences.

• The love between Romeo and Juliet is passionate and immediate, but it also clashes with social constraints and family hatred, ultimately ending in tragedy.

2. The Conflict Between Individual Desire and Social Expectations

• The play explores how personal feelings (love) often conflict with family loyalty, social rules, and public duties.

• Romeo and Juliet struggle to reconcile their love with the feud between their families, showing the difficulty of pursuing happiness against societal pressure.

3. Fate and Destiny

• The idea that the characters’ lives are controlled by fate, often referred to as “star-crossed” lovers.

• Despite their efforts, Romeo and Juliet cannot escape their doomed destiny, suggesting the power of forces beyond human control.

주요 인물 :

Romeo Montague

• A young man from the Montague family. He is impulsive, romantic, and deeply in love with Juliet.

Juliet Capulet

• A 13-year-old girl from the Capulet family. Intelligent and strong-willed, she defies her family to be with Romeo.

  
  

Friar Laurence

• A kind and wise priest who helps Romeo and Juliet marry in secret, hoping it will end their families’ feud.

Mercutio

• Romeo’s close friend, witty and lively, but easily provoked. His death marks the turning point of the story.

명대사 :

O Romeo, Romeo! wherefore art thou Romeo?

O happy dagger! This is thy sheath; there rust, and let me die

This day’s black fate on more days doth depend. This but begins the woe others must end.

📌 기본 정보

• Author: Jane Austen

• Genre: Classic Romance, Social Commentary

• Published: 1813, UK

🧩 줄거리 요약

In the small town of Hertfordshire, the Bennet family has five daughters, with Jane and Elizabeth of marrying age. Jane, gentle and reserved, falls for the charming Mr. Bingley, while Elizabeth, witty and independent, clashes with his proud friend Mr. Darcy. Misunderstandings, family embarrassments, and social class differences keep the couples apart. Over time, Elizabeth realizes her prejudice was wrong, and Darcy shows his true character—generous and kind. Eventually, Jane marries Bingley, and Elizabeth marries Darcy in a union of love and mutual respect.

👥 주요 인물

• Elizabeth Bennet: Witty, independent heroine who values honesty.

• Mr. Fitzwilliam Darcy: Wealthy gentleman who learns humility and openness.

• Jane Bennet: Kind and gentle elder sister of Elizabeth.

• Mr. Bingley: Friendly, wealthy man in love with Jane.

• Mrs. Bennet: Excitable mother determined to marry off her daughters.

🌱 주제 및 메시지

• The danger of judging by first impressions

• Social class and marriage in the 19th century

• Personal growth and self-awareness

• Love built on respect and understanding

✨ 상징

• Pemberley Estate: Darcy’s true nature and integrity.

• Dance Scenes: Social interaction, attraction, and misunderstandings.

• Letters: Truth revealed and relationships healed.

  
  

💭 감상

The story made me realize how easily we can misjudge others and how self-awareness can transform relationships. Elizabeth and Darcy’s journey shows that love requires humility, understanding, and the courage to admit one’s mistakes.

Author : MALALA YOUSAFZAI AND CHRISTINA LAMB

Genre : MEMOIR / AUTOBIOGRAPHY / NON-FICTION

Publication : PUBLISHED IN 2013

Plot summary

: I Am Malala is the autobiography of Malala Yousafzai, a Pakistani girl who stood up for girls' education under Taliban rule. The book tells her story from childhood in the Swat Valley, through the rise of the Taliban and their oppressive laws, to her shooting by a Taliban gunman in 2012. It also covers her recovery and continued activism for education and women's rights worldwide.

Theme : The Power of Education as a Tool for Courage, Freedom, and Change.

Malala’s story shows how education empowers individuals and communities to resist oppression, overcome fear, and create hope for a better future. It highlights education as a fundamental right that can transform lives and societies.

Main characters :

-Malala Yousafzai: The courageous advocate for education.

-Ziauddin Yousafzai: Her father and inspiration, an education activist.

-Malala’s mother: Supportive and nurturing.

-Taliban militants: The antagonists opposing girls’ education.

Personal reflection : Reading I Am Malala is deeply inspiring because it shows how a young girl’s voice can challenge powerful forces and bring global attention to critical issues. The memoir provides insight into the realities of living under Taliban rule and the cultural struggles surrounding education in Pakistan. It teaches the universal lesson that education empowers people to stand up for their rights, even in the face of danger, and that hope and courage can lead to real change. Malala’s story motivates readers to value education and advocate for equality everywhere.

-Title: Matilda

-Author: Roald Dahl

-Genre: satire, fantasy

-Published: 1988, United Kingdom

2. 줄거리 요약

Matilda, a brilliant and book-loving girl, grows up with neglectful parents.

At school, she befriends the kind Miss Honey and faces the cruel headmistress, Agatha Trunchbull.

With her intelligence and telekinetic powers, Matilda defeats Trunchbull and helps Miss Honey reclaim her home, eventually leaving her family to live happily with her teacher.

3. 핵심주제

-The Power of Knowledge and Independence: Education and self-development as tools to overcome adversity.

-Satire of Authority and Abuse of Power: Trunchbull represents the corruption and cruelty of unchecked authority.

-The True Meaning of Family: Love and respect are more important than blood ties in defining a real family.

4.주요 인물 소개

-Matilda Wormwood: Gifted, intelligent girl with telekinetic powers.

-Miss Honey: Kind teacher who supports Matilda.

-Agatha Trunchbull: Cruel and abusive headmistress.

-Mr. & Mrs. Wormwood: Neglectful, dishonest parents.

작가: George Orwell

Genre: Southern Gothic, Bildungsroman
Published: 1960, USA

Plot Summary
Set in the racially segregated American South during the 1930s, young Scout Finch recounts her childhood in the small town of Maycomb, Alabama. Her father, Atticus Finch, defends Tom Robinson, a Black man falsely accused of assaulting a white woman. As Scout learns about prejudice, justice, and compassion, she begins to see the world with new understanding and empathy.

Main Characters

• Scout Finch: A curious and outspoken young girl who narrates the story.

• Atticus Finch: Scout’s father and a principled lawyer defending Tom Robinson.

• Jem Finch: Scout’s older brother who matures through the events.

• Tom Robinson: An innocent Black man accused of a serious crime.

• Boo Radley: A reclusive neighbor who becomes an unexpected hero.

Themes & Messages

• Justice vs. Prejudice

• Moral courage and integrity

• The loss of innocence

• Understanding others by “walking in their shoes”

The Notebook is a romance novel by Nicholas Sparks, first published in 1996. It tells a timeless love story that spans decades.

Plot Summary

It follows Noah and Allie, who fall in love one summer but are separated by social differences. Years later, they reunite, and their love must endure illness and memory loss.

Main Characters

• Noah Calhoun – A humble, devoted man who loves Allie deeply.

• Allie Nelson – A young woman from a wealthy family, torn between duty and love.

Symbols

• The notebook – Memory, lasting love, and the preservation of their story.

• The house Noah rebuilds – His devotion and promise to Allie.

Impression

The novel is touching and emotional, showing love’s power to survive time, challenges, and even fading memories.

Famous Quote

“The best love is the kind that awakens the soul and makes us reach for more.”

작가 이름: F. Scott Fitzgerald

장르: 현대 미국 소설(모더니즘, 사회 비판적 로맨스)

출판 시점: 1925년

Title: The Great Gatsby

Author Name: F. Scott Fitzgerald

Genre: Contemporary American Novels (Modernism, Social Critical Romance)

Published: 1925

작품의 메시지와 핵심 주제

『위대한 개츠비』는 부와 화려함 뒤에 숨겨진 공허함을 드러내며 아메리칸 드림의 허상을 고발한다. 물질적 성공이 진정한 행복을 보장하지 않으며, 사회적 계층과 과거의 경험이 개인의 꿈을 제한할 수 있음을 강조한다. 이 소설은 1920년대 물질주의 문화를 비판하고, 사회적 불평등을 탐구하며, 끊임없는 욕망과 경쟁 속에서 진실한 인간관계와 자기 성찰의 중요성을 일깨운다.

the message and core theme of the work

The Great Gatsby exposes the illusion of the American Dream by revealing the emptiness behind wealth and glamour. It highlights how material success does not guarantee true happiness and how social class and past experiences limit individual aspirations. The novel criticizes the materialistic culture of the 1920s, explores social inequality, and emphasizes the importance of genuine human relationships and self-reflection amid relentless desire and competition.

감상 포인트

닉 캐러웨이의 시선을 통해 전개되는 이 이야기는 개츠비가 동경할 만하면서도 결점이 있는 인물임을 보여주며, 과거를 되살릴 수 있다는 그의 헛된 믿음을 강조한다. 결국 시간은 결코 되돌릴 수 없다는 보편적인 진리를 드러내며, 이는 단순한 이야기의 결말을 넘어 인생의 교훈이 되고 우리가 마주하는 삶의 근본적인 문제와도 깊이 연결된다.

What to look forward to

The story, which unfolds through the eyes of Nick Caraway, shows Gatsby as a worthy yet flawed character, highlighting his futile belief that he can bring back the past. In the end, it reveals the universal truth that time can never be reversed, which goes beyond the end of a simple story and becomes a lesson in life and is deeply connected to the fundamental problems of life we face.

Author: George Orwell

Gane: Allegory, Satire Published: 1945, UK

Plot Summary

In a farm, oppressed animals rebel against the human farmer, overthrowing hin to establish a society founded on equality. However, as the pigs assume leadership, they increasingly mimic the oppressive humans, creating a society marked by hypocracy and betrayal:

Main Characters

• Old Major: An inspiring prize boar

• Napoleon: A cunning pig who selzes power

• Snowball: A smart pig with innovative ideas

• Boxer: A hardworking and loyal horse

Themes

• Corruption of power

• The betrayal of I deals

• Appearance vs. reality

Messages & Symbolism

"All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others."

Messages & Symbolism

"All animals are equal. but some animals are more equal than others.“

Messages

& Symbolism

Symbolism:

Manipulation

Basic Information

• Author: William Shakespeare

• Genre: Tragedy

• Published: 1606, England

Plot Summary

Set in Scotland, the play follows Macbeth, a brave general who encounters three witches prophesying that he will become king. Encouraged by his ambitious wife, Lady Macbeth, he murders King Duncan and seizes the throne. Consumed by guilt and paranoia, Macbeth turns into a tyrant, committing more crimes until he is overthrown and killed, fulfilling the prophecy of his downfall.

Main Characters

• Macbeth: A Scottish general whose unchecked ambition leads to tragedy

• Lady Macbeth: His manipulative and ambitious wife

• The Three Witches: Supernatural figures who predict Macbeth’s fate

• Banquo: Macbeth’s friend; his descendants are destined to inherit the throne

• King Duncan: The rightful and noble King of Scotland

Themes & Messages

• Ambition and the Corrupting Power of Desire

• Fate vs. Free Will

• Guilt and Moral Consequences

• The Destructive Nature of Power

“Fair is foul, and foul is fair.” — The Witches

Symbolism

• Blood: Guilt and the consequences of violence

• The Dagger: Macbeth’s murderous ambition

• Weather/Darkness: Chaos and evil

• Sleep: Innocence and peace lost through guilt

Reflection

Macbeth shows how dangerous unchecked ambition can be, destroying morality and humanity. Macbeth’s fall from a respected general to a tyrant reveals the price of greed, while Lady Macbeth’s collapse highlights the unbearable weight of guilt. The play made me reflect on the importance of controlling desires before they control us.

Author-Malala yousafzai &

Christina Lamb

Genre-Autobiography

Publication-2013

🧐내용요약

This memoir follows

Malala Yousafzai from her

childhood in the Swat Valley to her activism for girls' education. In 2012, she was shot by the Taliban and survived, continuing to advocate for education as a global voice.

😶‍🌫️주제

Women's education

Courage and conviction

Resistance to violence and oppression

🤩주요인물

Malala Yousafzai

A Pakistani activist who stood up for girls' education and survived an assassination attempt by the Taliban in 2012

😎명대사

"One child, one teacher, one book, and one pen can change the world"

Author: Stephenie Meyer

Genre: romance fantasy

Published: 2005, USA

PLOT SUMMA

BELLA SWAN MOVES TO THE RAINY TOWN OF FORKS, WASHINGTON, TO LIVE WITH HER FATHER.

SHE MEETS EDWARD CULLEN, A MYSTERIOUS CLASSMATE WHO IS SECRETLY A VAMPIRE.

DESPITE THE DANGER, THEY FALL DEEPLY IN LOVE.

THEIR RELATIONSHIP IS THREATENED WHEN HOSTILE VAMPIRES TARGET BELLA, FORCING EDWARD TO PROTECT HER.

MAIN CHARA

1. Bella Swan

Bella is a 17-year-old girl who moves from Arizona to Forks to live with her father.

She is shy and self-critical but also brave and loyal.

She becomes fascinated with Edward Cullen and drawn into the supernatural world.

2. Edward Cullen

Edward is a vampire over 100 years old but appears as a 17-year-old boy.

He belongs to the Cullen family, who feed on animal blood instead of humans.

He loves Bella but struggles between his feelings and his thirst for her blood.

THEMES & MASSAGE

THE NOVEL HIGHLIGHTS LOVE MIXED WITH DANGER AND THE STRUGGLE BETWEEN DIFFERENT WORLDS.

IT EMPHASIZES ACCEPTANCE OF DIFFERENCES AND THE SACRIFICES LOVE DEMANDS.

PERSONAL CHOICES PLAY A CENTRAL ROLE IN SHAPING RELATIONSHIPS AND DESTINY.

MESSAGE

TRUE LOVE REQUIRES COURAGE AND THE WILLINGNESS TO FACE RISKS.

CHALLENGES CAN STRENGTHEN BONDS WHEN MET WITH LOYALTY AND SACRIFICE.

LOVE IS MEANINGFUL WHEN IT ACCEPTS DIFFERENCES AND OVERCOMES FEAR.

SYMBOLISM

• TWILIGHT SYMBOLIZES THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN HUMAN AND VAMPIRE WORLDS, LOVE AND DANGER.

• BLOOD REPRESENTS BOTH LIFE AND TEMPTATION, SHOWING THE RISKS OF FORBIDDEN LOVE.

• THE RAINY, DARK SETTING REFLECTS MYSTERY, ISOLATION, AND BELLA’S ENTRY INTO A NEW WORLD.

오만과 편견

✅️줄거리 요약

The novel follows Elizabeth Bennet, a witty and independent young woman, as she navigates love, family expectations, and social norms in 19th-century England. Her initial prejudice against the proud Mr. Darcy slowly transforms into mutual understanding and love, overcoming misunderstandings and societal barriers.

이 소설은 재치 있고 독립적인 엘리자베스 베넷이 19세기 영국에서 사랑, 가족의 기대, 사회적 규범을 헤쳐 나가는 이야기를 그립니다. 오만한 다아시에 대한 그녀의 초기 편견은 오해와 사회적 장벽을 극복하며 서서히 상호 이해와 사랑으로 변하게 됩니다.

✅️주요인물

Elizabeth Bennet(엘리자베스 베넷)

The second daughter of the Bennett couple is the main character of the novel. She values honesty and independence.

베넷 부부의 둘째 딸로 이 소설의 주인공이다. 정직함과 독립심을 중요하게 여긴다.

Mr. Fitzwilliam Darcy(피츠윌리엄 다아시)

The main male lead in this novel. A wealthy and reserved gentleman who initially appears proud but is deeply honorable and caring.

이 소설의 주요 남자 주인공이다. 부유하고 과묵한 신사로, 처음에는 오만해 보이지만 내면은 고결하고 다정하다.

Jane Bennet(제인 베넷)

The first daughter of the Bennets. She is famous for her beauty and kindness.

베넷 부부의 첫째 딸이다. 미모와 친절함으로 유명하다.

Mr. Charles Bingley(찰스 빙리)

He is a close friend of the male lead, Darcy. He is sincere and friendly, and is Jane's love interest.

남자 주인공인 다아시의 친한 친구이다. 성실하고 상냥한 호감형의 인물이고 제인의 사랑 상대이다.

✅️상징

The Estate of Pemberley – Symbolizes Darcy’s true character: stability, refinement, and generosity.

펨벌리 영지 – 다아시의 진정한 성품인 안정감, 세련됨, 관대함을 상징한다.

Dances/Balls – Represent social interaction, matchmaking, and the constraints of societal norms.

무도회 – 사회적 교류, 중매, 그리고 당시 사회 규범의 제약을 나타낸다.

✅️명대사

"It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife."

"좋은 재산을 가진 독신 남성은 반드시 아내를 원한다는 것은 보편적으로 인정된 진리다."

Personal Interpretation
This story is not just a mystery about a dead dog. It is about christopher with autism learning about the world and growing up.
His journey to London on his own shows that he is becoming more independent and mature

로아노크 식민지의 ‘사라진 사람들’ (1587년, 미국)

”미군, 필리핀군 3명을 사살하다“

• 필리핀은 1565년부터 스페인의 식민 지배를 받아옴

• 1898년 미국-스페인 전쟁을 기회로 삼아 "혁명 정부" 수립 선포

• 마닐라에 필리핀 제도 미국군정부를 설립

• 스페인과 평화조약을 맺으면서 2,000만 달러를 들여 필리핀을 매입

• 1899년 2월 4일 미군이 마닐라에서 필리핀군 병사 3명을 사살하면서 전쟁이 시작

연도1963년 11월 22일(미국)

1969년 아폴로 11호 달 착륙: 닐 암스트롱이 인류 최초로 달에 착륙한 사건.

: 인류 최초로 달에 착륙한 역사적 우주 탐사

여성 참정권이 헌법 수정으로 보장된 사건

1992년 4월 29일

Lead 1~2

Body 4

Conclusion 1~2

전체: 최소 8문장 이상으로 작성

+The Gettysburg Address

On February 4, 1899, the U.S. military killed three Filipino soldiers in Manila.

The development of the event is like this. The Philippines has been colonized by Spain since 1565. The anti-Spanish group in the Philippines established a "revolutionary government" in 1898, using the war between the United States and Spain as an opportunity, and the Philippine army and the U.S. military drove out the Spanish army.

However, the United States wanted to colonize the Philippines, preventing the Philippine army from entering Manila and established the U.S. military government of the Philippines. And on December 10, 1898, by signing a peace treaty with Spain in Paris and buying the Philippines for $20 million, it became certain that the United States would annex the Philippines. The Filipinos regarded the act of the United States as an invasion, and the war began when the U.S. military killed the Filipino army.

The president was arrested for the betrayal of the Filipinos during the radical war, and on April 9, 1901, the president declared his surrender, and on July 2, the United States announced the end of the war.

More than 200,000 Filipinos were killed in this incident, and it was the war that was the trigger for the expansion of imperialism in the United States to the Pacific Ocean, and it is an example of the violence and cruelty of the imperialist war. As a result, the Philippines was ruled by the United States until 1946.

미군, 필리핀군 3명을 사살하다

1899년 2월 4일 미군이 마닐라에서 필리핀군 3명을 사살했다.

사건의 발달은 이렇다. 필리핀은 1565년부터 스페인의 식민지배를 받아왔다. 필리핀의 반스페인 무리는 1898년 미국과 스페인의 전쟁을 기회로 삼아 “혁명정부”를 수립하였고 필리핀군은 미군과 함께 스페인군을 몰아냈다.

하지만 미국은 필리핀을 식민지화할 생각으로 필리핀군이 마닐라에 입성하는 것을 막고 필리핀제도 미국군정부를 설립했다. 그리고 1898년 12월 10일, 파리에서 스페인과 평화조약을 맺으며 2000만 달러로 필리핀을 매입함으로써 미국이 필리핀을 병합하는 것은 확실해졌다. 필리핀인들은 미국의 행위를 침략으로 간주하였고 미군이 필리핀군들을 사살하면서 전쟁이 시작됐다.

과격한전쟁 중 필리핀인들의 배신으로 대통령이 체포되고  1901년 4월 9일, 대통령은 항복을 선언하고 7월 2일, 미국은 전쟁종결을 선포했다.

이 사건으로 20만명이 넘는 필리핀인들이 희생당했고 이 전쟁은 미국의 태평양으로의 제국주의 확장의 계기가 되었으며 제국주의 전쟁의 폭력성과 잔혹성을 보여주는 사례이다. 이로써 필리핀은 1946년까지 미국의 지배를 받았다.

Introduction:

On August 18, 1920, in Nashville, Tennessee, the state legislature approved the 19th Amendment. As the 36th state to ratify, Tennessee made women’s suffrage official across the United States.

Body:

This amendment was a turning point in American history because women finally gained equal voting rights. In the past, women’s suffrage was uneven, such as when Lydia Taft voted in Massachusetts in 1756 or when New Jersey briefly allowed some women to vote in 1776. However, World War I gave new strength to the movement, as women played an important role in supporting the war. As a result, President Woodrow Wilson publicly supported women’s suffrage in 1918, and two years later the Constitution was changed.

Conclusion:

The 19th Amendment gave women a permanent place in American democracy. Its impact continues today, as seen in 2020 when Kamala Harris became the first female vice president of the United States.

Great Fire Devastates London, City Rebuilds After Massive Blaze

Lead

On September 2, 1666, a fire broke out in a London bakery, quickly spreading across the city and destroying thousands of homes.

Body

Within days, the flames consumed much of central London, leaving over 13,000 houses and 87 churches in ruins.

According to eyewitness Samuel Pepys, “the streets were full of people carrying their goods, crying and running from the fire.”

Meanwhile, firefighters struggled to contain the blaze as strong winds fueled the destruction.

As a result, St. Paul’s Cathedral and many historic buildings were lost, and tens of thousands were left homeless.

In response, King Charles II ordered the demolition of buildings to create firebreaks and later led efforts to rebuild the city.

The disaster prompted new building regulations and improved fire safety measures throughout London.

Conclusion

The Great Fire of London remains a turning point in the city’s history, shaping modern urban planning and emergency response.

Headline

Rodney King Verdict Ignites Los Angeles Riots

Lead

On April 29, 1992, in Los Angeles, four white police officers were acquitted of beating Black motorist Rodney King, igniting days of violent riots that left the city in chaos.

Body

The unrest erupted after a jury in Simi Valley found the officers not guilty, despite video evidence showing them striking King more than 50 times. Police had initially stopped King for speeding and claimed he resisted arrest, but critics argued the beating reflected LAPD’s long-standing problem of excessive force and racial bias. Crowds quickly gathered across South Central Los Angeles, setting buildings ablaze and looting stores. “People felt justice had been denied,” said civil rights activist John Mack, reflecting the widespread anger in the community. As a result, more than 60 people were killed, over 2,000 injured, and the city suffered nearly $1 billion in property damage, according to official reports.

Conclusion

The riots led to federal charges against two officers, resulting in convictions for violating Rodney King’s civil rights. The event also spurred nationwide discussions on race and policing, inspiring reforms such as police training programs and greater federal oversight.

“America Declares Independence!”

Lead

Philadelphia, July 4 — This day shall be long remembered, as the thirteen colonies of America have united to declare themselves free and independent states.

Body

In solemn assembly, the Continental Congress adopted a declaration drafted chiefly by Thomas Jefferson. The document condemns the unjust rule of King George III and affirms that all men are created equal, endowed with unalienable rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Once bound by tyranny, the colonies now stand together as a new nation governing themselves.

Conclusion

With this declaration, America has severed its ties with Britain and set forth as an independent state. The newly established republic is expected to conduct diplomacy and trade on equal footing with the world’s great powers.

Lead:

On November 22, 1963, U.S. President John F. Kennedy was tragically shot and killed during a visit to Dallas, Texas.

body:

President Kennedy was riding in an open-top limousine with First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy when shots rang out near Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas. According to the Warren Commission, three shots were fired from the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Depository. Meanwhile, the crowd reacted in horror as the president slumped in his seat, fatally wounded. Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested within hours of the assassination, but two days later, he was fatally shot by nightclub owner Jack Ruby while he was in police custody.

“There is no question in my mind that Oswald acted alone,” said Chief Justice Earl Warren, who led the official investigation. As a result of the assassination, the United States entered a period of deep mourning and political uncertainty, and questions surrounding the event have persisted for decades.

conclusion :

Kennedy's assassination deeply affected the American public and changed the course of U.S. history.
Even decades later, his death remains surrounded by mystery and debate.

Mystery at Roanoke: The Lost Colony Vanishes Without a Trace(로어노크의 미스터리: 사라진 식민지, 흔적도 없이 증발하다)

⭐️Lead

In 1587, more than 100 English settlers led by John White established a colony on Roanoke Island, off the coast of present-day North Carolina. When White returned three years later with supplies, he found the settlement deserted, with the word “CROATOAN” carved into a post. The mysterious The disappearance of the Roanoke colonists ended England’s first attempt at permanent settlement in North America. Although the colony failed, it highlighted the challenges of survival in an unfamiliar land and influenced later English strategies, eventually leading to the establishment of Jamestown in 1607.d mys

, symbolizing both the dang.

⭐️Body

At first, the Roanoke colony was full of hope. Yet, food shortages and conflict with Native tribes forced Governor John White to sail back to England for supplies. However, war with Spain delayed his return until 1590. Upon arrival, he found no colonists—only the mysterious inscription. White reported, “We found no sign of distress but only the word ‘CROATOAN’ cut fairly in capital letters.” (White’s Journal, 1590).

The disappearance shocked England and sparked theories of assimilation, famine, or attack. In the end, the Roanoke colony failed, but its story warned of the dangers of colonization and inspired later, more successful settlements such as Jamestown (1607). Historians still call it “America’s first great unsolved mystery” (NPS).

⭐️Conclusion

The disappearance of the Roanoke colonists ended England’s first attempt at permanent settlement in North America. Although the colony failed, it highlighted the challenges of survival in an unfamiliar land and influenced later English strategies, eventually leading to the establishment of Jamestown in 1607.

Lead:
On September 11, 2001, in New York City and Washington D.C., terrorists hijacked four airplanes, crashing two into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center and one into the Pentagon.

The attacks killed nearly 3,000 people, marking the deadliest terrorist act in American history and triggering a global fight against terrorism.

Body:
The morning began like any other, but quickly turned into tragedy as millions watched the towers collapse live on television.

Passengers on United Flight 93 fought back against the hijackers, causing the plane to crash in Pennsylvania instead of its intended target.

President George W. Bush addressed the nation, calling the events “an attack on freedom.”

Emergency workers, firefighters, and police officers risked and often lost their lives to save others, becoming symbols of courage and sacrifice.

In response, the United States launched the War on Terror, beginning with military operations in Afghanistan to dismantle al-Qaeda, the group responsible for the attacks.

Security measures around the world intensified, with airports adopting stricter screening and governments passing new laws to prevent future threats.

Conclusion:
The September 11 attacks ultimately reshaped global security and U.S. foreign policy, signaling a new era of counterterrorism and international cooperation.

The event remains a symbol of resilience and remembrance, shaping how nations confront terrorism in the 21st century.

Headline:

Lincoln Led America Through the Civil War and Inspired Citizens

Lead:

From 1861 to 1865, the United States fought the Civil War, a conflict dividing the North and the South over slavery and national unity. Determined to protect the nation, President Abraham Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address, inspiring hope and showing the true purpose of the war. His careful leadership helped maintain the support of both soldiers and citizens during these difficult years.

Body:

The Civil War, causing great suffering across the country, began as a fight to preserve the Union. In 1863, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, declaring freedom for enslaved people in the Confederate states. Only after the bloody Battle of Gettysburg did he speak at a national cemetery, reminding Americans that the nation was founded on equality and that the war was a test of democracy — “a government of the people, by the people, for the people.” His words encouraged the Union soldiers and strengthened their resolve. Many historians believe that this speech changed how Americans viewed their own country and its values.

Conclusion:

Little did people know that Lincoln’s words would leave a lasting legacy. Although he was assassinated soon after, his leadership and the Gettysburg Address continue to symbolize the fight for freedom, equality, and democracy in the United States. Even today, his words are studied and remembered as a symbol of hope and justice.

제목: 남북전쟁 속 링컨의 역할: 미국을 민주주의로 이끌다

도입:

1861년부터 1865년까지, 미국은 남북전쟁을 겪었는데, 이 전쟁은 노예제와 국가 통합을 둘러싸고 북부와 남부를 나누는 갈등이었다. 나라를 지키기로 결심한 에이브러햄 링컨 대통령은 게티스버그 연설을 했는데, 이 연설은 희망을 주었을 뿐만 아니라 전쟁의 진정한 목적을 보여주었다. 그의 신중한 리더십은 이 어려운 시기 동안 군인과 국민 모두의 지지를 유지하는 데 도움을 주었다.

본문:

전국에 큰 고통을 일으킨 남북전쟁은 연방을 지키기 위한 싸움으로 시작되었다. 1863년, 링컨은 남부 연합 주의 노예들에게 자유를 선언하는 해방 선언을 발표했다. 피비린내 나는 게티스버그 전투가 끝난 후에야 그는 국립 묘지 헌정식에서 연설을 했으며, 미국인들에게 국가가 평등 위에 세워졌고 전쟁이 민주주의의 시험임을 상기시켰다 — “국민에 의한, 국민을 위한, 국민의 정부.” 그의 말은 연합군 병사들을 격려하고 그들의 결의를 강화했다. 많은 역사학자들은 이 연설이 미국인들이 자국과 그 가치관을 바라보는 방식을 바꿨다고 믿는다.

결론:

사람들은 링컨의 말이 오랫동안 지속되는 유산을 남길 것이라는 사실을 거의 알지 못했다. 그가 곧 암살당했음에도 불구하고, 그의 리더십과 게티스버그 연설은 여전히 미국에서 자유, 평등, 민주주의를 위한 싸움을 상징한다. 오늘날에도 그의 말은 희망과 정의의 상징으로 연구되고 기억되고 있다.

Headline:

Apollo 11 Astronauts Land on Moon, Make History

Lead:

On July 20, 1969, in the Sea of Tranquility, astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first humans to set foot on the Moon, while Michael Collins orbited above. Their achievement marked a historic breakthrough in space exploration.

Body:

The Apollo 11 mission, launched by NASA on July 16, carried the hopes of the United States during the height of the space race. After a tense descent, Armstrong piloted the lunar module to a safe landing. As he stepped onto the lunar surface, he declared, “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.” Aldrin soon joined him, conducting experiments and collecting rock and soil samples. Meanwhile, Collins monitored the mission from the command module. The landing was broadcast live to millions worldwide, uniting viewers in awe.

In response, world leaders praised the mission as a triumph of science and human ingenuity. The Soviet Union, America’s rival in the space race, acknowledged the significance of the event even as competition continued.

Conclusion:

The successful return of Apollo 11 not only secured America’s lead in space exploration but also became a lasting symbol of human achievement, signaling new possibilities for future missions beyond Earth.

12 Seconds Change the World The Wright Brothers’ First Flight

Lead

On December 17, 1903, at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, Orville and Wilbur Wright flew their aircraft for 12 seconds, a short moment that forever transformed transportation and human history.

Body

The Wright brothers successfully launched the world’s first powered aircraft, flying 37 meters in 12 seconds.

Their invention came after years of experiments with gliders and engine designs, as aviation pioneers around the world struggled to achieve controlled flight.

“Man will not fly for a thousand years,” skeptics had once claimed, but Orville and Wilbur proved otherwise with their Flyer I.

As a result, their breakthrough laid the foundation for modern aviation, inspiring rapid technological progress in transportation and warfare.

Conclusion

The Wright brothers’ first flight in 1903 showed that people could finally fly in the sky, opening a new chapter in history.

Their success became a symbol of human dreams coming true and changed the way people travel around the world.

Christchurch Earthquake Kills 185, Topples Iconic Buildings

Lead

On February 22, 2011, a 6.3-magnitude earthquake struck Christchurch, New Zealand, killing 185 people and collapsing much of the city’s historic center.
The disaster became one of the country’s deadliest natural events, triggering widespread rescue efforts and international aid.

Body

The earthquake struck at 12:51 p.m. local time, causing widespread destruction in Christchurch’s city center.
The Canterbury Television (CTV) building collapsed, killing over 100 people, while thousands of homes and offices were damaged.
Prime Minister John Key called it “New Zealand’s darkest day” and declared a national state of emergency.
Rescue teams from several countries joined local efforts, and more than 6,500 people were reported injured.

Conclusion

The Christchurch earthquake prompted major changes in New Zealand’s building codes and urban planning, signaling a nationwide reassessment of seismic safety.
Today, the event remains a symbol of national resilience, shaping how the country prepares for and responds to future natural disasters.

Neil Armstrong Lands on Moon, Marks Humanity’s First Step

Lead:

On July 20, 1969, astronaut Neil Armstrong landed on the Moon, becoming the first human to step onto its surface. This achievement marked humanity’s greatest leap, opening a new era of space exploration.

Body:

The Apollo 11 mission was launched by NASA in July 1969 during the height of the space race. On July 20, Neil Armstrong became the first human to step onto the Moon, declaring, “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind,” as an estimated 600 million people watched on television. As a result, the landing not only marked a major victory for the United States over the Soviet Union but also expanded humanity’s vision of space exploration.

Conclusion:

The Moon landing in 1969 ultimately proved America’s success in the space race, signaling the nation’s technological leadership. The event remains a symbol of human curiosity and ambition, shaping later space programs such as the Space Shuttle and the International Space Station.

(5~6인이 한조를 구성함-개별활동이 많음. 걱정말 것)

2. 조장 한명 뽑고 조장은 취합해서 한권으로 만드는 역할을 함.

3. 본인이 제작할 잡지의 영어권국가를 정함.

4. 조별로 미국, 영국, 캐나다, 호주, 뉴질랜드, 아일랜드 중에서 1나라를 정할 수 있도록 한다.

6. 리로스쿨에 감상문 쓰기

Rocky Mountains

Old Quebec

Jasper National Park

Stanley Park

Among the many lakes located between Lake Louise and the Columbia Icefield, Bow Lake is renowned for its breathtaking scenery and serves as a resting spot for countless travelers. Fed by meltwater from the Crowfoot Glacier, which resembles the shape of a crow’s foot, the lake is easily accessible right beside the road. Glaciers are formed over thousands of years as layers of snow compress into ice. As the glacier slowly flows downhill under the force of gravity, it carves the surrounding rocks, creating U-shaped valleys and basins. Meltwater fills these glacial basins, giving rise to lakes like Bow Lake. In summer, visitors can enjoy a picnic, while in winter, they can walk across the snow-covered surface, making the lake attractive throughout all four seasons. Once seen, its unforgettable beauty remains etched in memory.

2.Bishop, California

3.Cumberland Island, Georgia

4.North Cascades National Park, Washington

5.Bisbee, Arizona

1. Cliffs of Moher — 모허 절벽

2. Giant’s Causeway — 자이언츠 코즈웨이

3. Trinity College & the Book of Kells — 트리니티 칼리지 & 켈즈의 서

4. Killarney National Park — 킬라니 국립공원

5. Blarney Castle — 블라니 성

Tucked away in southern Colorado, Great Sand Dunes National Park is home to the tallest sand dunes in North America. Surrounded by snow-capped mountains and alpine forests, the massive dunes create a surreal, almost otherworldly landscape. Visitors can go sandboarding, hike up the dunes for sweeping views, or cool off in Medano Creek during spring and early summer. Despite its stunning beauty, the park remains relatively uncrowded compared to Colorado’s more popular destinations like Rocky Mountain National Park.

Located on the eastern side of California's Sierra Nevada mountains, Bishop is a small town that punches well above its weight in terms of natural beauty and outdoor activities. It's a favorite among rock climbers and photographers, with access to both high desert landscapes and alpine trails. The town also offers nearby hot springs, charming local eateries, and a relaxed, welcoming atmosphere. Though it sits near more famous spots like Yosemite, Bishop remains a hidden gem for those seeking solitude and adventure.

Cumberland Island is a barrier island off the coast of Georgia known for its wild horses, untouched beaches, and historic ruins. Accessible only by ferry and with daily visitor limits, the island feels like a true escape into nature. You can camp under ancient live oaks, explore the eerie ruins of the Carnegie family’s Dungeness Mansion, or hike through maritime forests teeming with wildlife. Its limited accessibility has helped preserve its quiet, unspoiled character.

Often referred to as the "American Alps," North Cascades National Park is one of the most rugged and remote national parks in the U.S. With over 300 glaciers, turquoise alpine lakes, and dramatic peaks, it’s a paradise for hikers, backpackers, and nature lovers. Despite its incredible scenery, it remains one of the least visited national parks in the country. If you’re looking for solitude and breathtaking views, this is the place to go.

Once a booming copper mining town, Bisbee has transformed into a quirky, artsy enclave in the high desert of southern Arizona. The town is filled with colorful Victorian architecture, art galleries, vintage shops, and friendly locals. Visitors can take underground mine tours, join ghost walks through the historic downtown, or simply enjoy the town’s creative, slightly eccentric vibe. Its offbeat charm and cool mountain air make it a refreshing alternative to Arizona’s more tourist-heavy spots.

2. 마운트 에덴(Mt. Eden)

3. 톤가리로 국립공원 (Tongariro National Park)

4. 와이토모 종유동(Waitomo Glowworm Caves)

5. 애로우타운 (Arrowtown)

Tofino is a coastal town located at the western tip of Vancouver Island in Canada. It is a unique destination where you can experience the Pacific Ocean and primitive nature at the same time. Known as the 'surfing capital of Canada', you can surf and marine activities in summer and watch storms in winter. You can observe wild animals such as sea leons, whales, and white-headed eagles, and experience the marine ecosystem with kayaking and boat tours. You can enjoy hiking in the dense primeval forest and Clayquat Sound, a UNESCO biosphere reserve, and experience natural hot springs at the Hot Spring Cove, which can only be reached by boat and promenade. Each of the four seasons has different charms, so you can enjoy surfing in summer, quiet and wildlife observation in autumn, storm watching and hot springs in winter, and whale travel and hiking in the forest in spring.

• Pink Lake

• Whitehaven Beach

• Melbourne city

• Kings Canyon

• Cradle Mountain

a fjord tourist attraction that retains the beauty of the beginning

The only residential area in the fjord national park, the Malford Sound, is a four-hour drive from Queenstown to the Homer Tunnel. With the magnificent view that the surrounding mountains were cut almost vertically by glaciers more than 1,000m and pushed into the sea about 12,000 years ago, it is often introduced as the best attraction in fjordland and a representative landscape of New Zealand. Sunny days are beautiful on a sunny day, and when it rains, you will be lucky to see a natural waterfall made of rainwater. The fjord's side cliffs that rise vertically from the thick sea water, mountain peaks that embroider the sky, and terraced waterfalls on the rugged cliffs provide indescribable natural beauty.

1. Queenstown

Queenstown – Jewel of the South Island where adventure and romance coexist

Queenstown is a representative tourist destination on the South Island, boasting fantastic views of beautiful Lake Wakatifu and the Remarkable Mountains.

As a center of global adventure travel, it is full of various activities such as skydiving, bungee jumping, and jet boat, and you can experience different charms from season to season, such as skiing and snowboarding in winter and trekking and mountain biking in summer.

There are also plenty of things to enjoy, such as wine tours, high-end restaurants, and shopping, so you can feel both nature and the charm of the city and make special memories.

1. Rotorua

Located in the Pacific Ring of Fire, Rotorua, North Island's top tourist destination, is famous for its active geothermal activities, abundant Maori cultural, historical customs traditions, and Maori Electric Port. It also has a variety of attractions where you can experience the mysteries of nature, such as hot springs, geysers, and mud pools, which many tourists visit. It is an attractive destination where you can relax in the hot springs of Rotorua and experience beautiful nature and culture at the same time

1. Lake tekapo

Lake Tecapo, Milkyblue

It is a lake in McKinsey Country located on the Mount Cook and Christchurch road, and the emerald color of clear water created by melting several glaciers of the Southern Alps is beautiful. The lake is 20km long and maintains a water level of 704m to 710m above sea level, and the bottom of the lake is laid with marines deposited by glaciers for more than 20,000 years. The name of the lake, "TEKAPO," comes from the Maori word, which is a combination of "Taka" and "Po," and it is said that the early Maori pioneers were sleeping around the lake while traveling, and it originated from the story that they hurriedly fled the place in fear of something in the middle of the night. Currently, there are more than 500 residents in the village of Tekapo, where Lake Tekapo is located. Lake Tekapo is beautiful with the jade water color expressed as Milky Blue, and its sunset, which creates a spectacular view, attracts people's attention. On a clear evening, you can see the sky turning pink, orange, and purple in light blue when you stand on Lake Tekapo, and on a cloudy day, you can see a sky that looks like a fire. You can get a very good picture by setting this time and pressing the camera shutter

1. Kawarau gorge suspension bridge

   The world birthplace of bungy: where people leap from the equivalent of a 10-storey building held-safe by a giant elastic band.

   It is also where an innovative suspension bridge enabled safe crossing of the notoriously-windy canyon. As a result, engineer Harry Higginson won a world’s top engineering award for his work in 1882. 

   
   

   Two leaps of faith took place here: this is the birthplace of bungy tourism, where people every day leap from the equivalent of a 10-storey building held-safe by just a giant elastic band around their ankles. It is also here in 1880 that a daring new bridge design was introduced.

   The challenge for engineer Harry Higginson was a sheer rocky gorge that funnelled destructive side winds. Higginson was aware that in other countries several near-new bridges had been destroyed by high winds.

   To meet this challenge, he combined a range of innovative strengthening solutions, such as inward sloping cables, to come up with a suspension bridge that was 42 m high with a 120m long span. The design proved economical and enduring.  

   The work won a world’s top engineering award, a Telford Premium, in 1882. In 1963 a new bridge opened and the 1880 bridge was retained for its historic value.

   In 1988 A. J. Hackett began the world’s first commercial bungy jumping venture here and this has grown into an international attraction. The bridge and surrounding site featured in the Lord of the Rings films and is on the Queenstown Trail Arrow River Bridges cycle route. 

Gross Morne National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located on the western coast of Newfoundland, Canada, boasting high peaks, deep canyons, glacier-cut fjords, and majestic landscapes of waterfalls and lakes. It is called a 'textbook of geology' because you can see faults and valleys formed by tectonic movement and glacial action hundreds of millions of years ago, and the summit trail can see the fjord and the Atlantic Ocean at a glance from the top. If you explore the fjord by boat, you can see cliffs, wildlife, and seabirds up close, and you can experience fishing culture and seafood cuisine in the surrounding villages. The trip is suitable for at least 2 to 3 days, and it is good for hiking and exploring in the summer, and enjoying the autumn leaves and secleded trails in the fall.

- A pink lake on a small island in western Australia. Looking down from the sky, pink seems to spread like cotton candy next to the emerald sea, and pink is a natural phenomenon, where the color does not change even after floating in the water, adding to the mystery.

⭐️Whitehaven Beach

-It is a beach located on Whitsunday Island in Queensland, Australia.

It is a popular tourist destination because it is good for walking barefoot because of the soft sand that does not hold heat well, and you can enjoy various marine activities such as snorkeling and paddleboarding with beautiful scenery.

⭐️Coolgardie Ghost Town

-It's not just a ruin, it's a living museum that shows the heat and downfall of the gold rush in Australian history. Unlike the famous city that is crowded with tourists, here you can feel the breath of history in a tranquil desert

⭐️Umpherston Sinkhole

- Once a limestone cave, this is a place where the roof has collapsed and become a garden, and this underground garden creates a mysterious and exotic atmosphere like the world of 'Avatar'.

⭐️Fitzgerald River National Park

-A place where various plants, wild animals, and hidden beaches coexist. The remote place is the best place to experience Australia as it is.

Niagara Falls, located on the border of Ontario, Canada, and New York, USA, is a world-famous waterfall, with the Horseshoe Falls on the Canadian side offering the most spectacular views. About 51 meters high and 670 meters wide, it was formed around 12,000 years ago when retreating glaciers carved the Great Lakes and the Niagara River, eroding rock layers to create steep cliffs and powerful falls. Visitors can enjoy observation decks, trails, or the Maid of the Mist boat tour to get close to the mist, while the illuminated falls at night and nearby restaurants and walkways offer a complete nature and city experience. A 1–2 day visit is ideal, with spring and summer for mild weather and abundant water, and winter for ice and snow scenery.

(올리면 선생님이 검토해서 색깔로 적합성을 알려줄 예정임.)

예시)

• 영국의 티 문화 (British Tea Culture)

• 미국의 하이틴 졸업파티 문화 (Prom Culture)

• 캐나다의 다문화주의 (Multiculturalism in Canada)

• 아일랜드 전통 음악 (Irish Traditional Music)

• 호주의 애보리진 문화 (Aboriginal Culture in Australia)

• 미국의 슈퍼볼과 스포츠 팬덤 문화 (Super Bowl and Sports Fandom)

예시)

1. 진로(보건)+영어권문화=미국의 간호사 자격시험

2. 진로(교육)+영어권문화=영국의 교육과정 및 학교체계

3. 그외 영어권문화의 주제를 다양하게 소개 가능. (반드시 영어권국가의 소재를 사용할 것)

• 환경

• 의료

• 문화

• 예술

• 종교

• 사회

• 역사

• 공학

• 기술

  
  

★ 결과물은 PPT(영어)+영어스크립트작성+발표

-PPT 내용은 영어로 작성할 것

-작성후 PPT가 아니라 PDF로 저장할 것

-PDF 파일은 패들렛에 즉시 올릴 것

전체 영어로..... 본인의 영어 실력을 고려하여

어려운 문장보다는 읽기 쉬운 문장 위주로 만들 것

작성 후 페들렛에 즉시 올릴 것

2. 발음은 안좋아도 상관없지만, 또렷하게 읽고 전달력을 높이려고 노력할 것(노력에 중점을 두고 평가함.)

3. 대본을 보고 읽어도 되지만, 지나치게 청중을 외면하고 여유없이 읽기만 하는 모습은 감점이 될 수 있음

4. 시작시 자기소개와 마칠때 감사인사를 반드시 할 것

5. 듣는 태도는 평가대상은 아니지만, 본인의 발표시에 영향을 줄 수 있음. (자신을 위해서 타인의 말에 경청하는 태도를 보여주길 바람.)

-Little Limestone Lake, Manitoba(리틀 라임스톤 호수)

-Mingan Archipelago National Park Reserve, Québec(밍강 제도 국립공원 보호구역)

-Banff National Park, Alberta(밴프 국립공원)

-Cape Breton Highlands National Park, Nova Scotia(케이프브레튼 고원 국립공원)

From August to April, the skies above Yellowknife come alive with the mesmerizing Aurora Borealis, painting the night in waves of green and purple. In contrast, the summer months (June to August) bring the enchanting Midnight Sun, when daylight lasts nearly 24 hours — perfect for exploring the surrounding wilderness, canoeing, fishing, or hiking along scenic trails.

The city’s Old Town still reflects its gold rush heritage, with colorful houses, local art galleries, and cozy cafés that welcome visitors with warm northern hospitality. Whether you come for the magic of the northern lights or the endless summer adventures, Yellowknife promises an experience that feels truly out of this world.

A Wild Escape in London

📍 Location: Southwest London

Step away from the city and into Europe’s largest urban park. With wide-open meadows, ancient oak trees, and herds of free-roaming deer, Richmond Park feels like a countryside getaway within the capital.

💡 Travel Tip: Visit at sunrise for magical views and peaceful walks.

London’s Waterside Charm

📍 Location: North London

Canals, colorful houseboats, and riverside cafés bring a touch of Italy to London. A walk along Little Venice feels romantic and photogenic, while canal boat rides give you a new perspective of the city.

💡 Perfect for: A relaxing afternoon away from the crowds.

Ruins Reimagined

📍 Location: City of London

Once destroyed during World War II, this church has been reborn as one of the city’s most atmospheric gardens. Gothic stone arches now covered in ivy create a dreamlike escape right in the heart of London.

💡 Best Spot: Bring a book or camera — you’ll want to stay awhile.

A Taste of History

📍 Location: Greenwich

Set beside the National Maritime Museum, The Old Brewery combines history with hops. Enjoy traditional ales and modern craft beers inside a beautifully restored building after exploring Greenwich’s maritime past.

💡 Traveler’s Pick: Pair your drink with classic British pub food.

England’s Fiery Tradition

📍 Location: Lewes, East Sussex

Every November 5th, the quiet town of Lewes bursts into life with torchlit parades, historic costumes, and fireworks. It’s the UK’s biggest and most dramatic bonfire celebration, filled with centuries of tradition.

💡 Insider Tip: Arrive early — the streets get packed quickly!

1. Pink Lake
   A mysterious lake that shines in shades of pink.
   Its color changes with sunlight, minerals, and algae, creating a magical view.

2. Kings Canyon
   A breathtaking red sandstone canyon in the Northern Territory.
   The Rim Walk offers stunning desert scenery and unforgettable views.

3. Whitehaven Beach
   Famous for its pure white sand and crystal-clear turquoise water.
   Often ranked as one of the most beautiful beaches in the world.

4. Cradle Mountain
   A natural wonder in Tasmania with peaceful lakes and hiking trails.
   Perfect for those who love mountains, forests, and fresh air.

5. Melbourne City
   A creative and lively city known for its street art and coffee culture.
   Explore its laneways, cozy cafés, and colorful urban vibe.

2. Edinburgh

3. Lake District

4. Oxford

5. Stratford-upon-Avon

Cork has a lively cultural atmosphere with music, art, and festivals all year round. The English Market, one of the oldest covered markets in Europe, is a famous landmark where visitors can taste local food. Nearby attractions include Blarney Castle, where visitors can kiss the Blarney Stone for good luck.

Cork is also known as the “rebel city” because of its strong role in Ireland’s struggle for independence. Today, it combines historic charm with a modern lifestyle, making it a great place to explore.

Inside, visitors can find fascinating displays such as a jar of preserved moles and a rare quagga skeleton, an extinct zebra species. Though small, the museum feels like a step back in time, with wooden cabinets and handwritten labels that preserve the charm of early scientific discovery.

According to legend, the causeway was built by an Irish giant named Finn McCool, who wanted to cross the sea to fight a Scottish giant. The unique hexagonal stones make the place look magical and mysterious.

Today, the Giant’s Causeway is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of Northern Ireland’s most popular tourist attractions. Visitors can walk along the stones, enjoy stunning sea views, and learn about both its geology and legends at the visitor center.

Today, instead of being rebuilt, the site has been transformed into a peaceful public garden. Ivy-covered walls, gothic windows, and open stone arches create a magical, almost secret atmosphere in the middle of the busy city. It’s now a popular place for Londoners to relax, take photos, or enjoy lunch surrounded by history and nature.

Kilkenny is also famous for its arts, crafts, and festivals. Every year, it hosts the Kilkenny Arts Festival, attracting artists and visitors from around the world. The city has many cozy cafés, traditional pubs, and craft shops, making it a great place to explore on foot.

Because of its rich culture and history, Kilkenny is often called the “Marble City.” It’s a perfect destination for anyone who wants to experience authentic Irish heritage and local life.

Today, Alexandra Palace is a lively destination that hosts concerts, exhibitions, and ice skating all year round. There’s also a beautiful park surrounding it, perfect for picnics and weekend walks. Interestingly, it’s also the birthplace of British television — the BBC made its first broadcast from here in 1936. Whether you’re visiting for the events, the scenery, or just to relax on the grass and watch the sunset, Ally Pally always has something special to offer.

The market is famous for its alternative style — punk fashion, street art, and music fill the atmosphere, giving it a bold and youthful energy. Visitors can explore the old stables turned into shops, taste foods from all over the world, or just enjoy the canal views while sipping coffee. Whether you’re looking for unique souvenirs or just want to feel London’s creative spirit, Camden Market is the perfect place to experience the city’s bohemian side.

Visitors can walk across the bridge for free, but the real highlight is the Tower Bridge Exhibition, where you can explore the glass-floored walkway high above the river and learn about the bridge’s engineering and history. Standing between the Tower of London and the modern skyline, Tower Bridge beautifully combines Victorian elegance with the spirit of modern London.

Sligo is also rich in history and culture. It is associated with the famous Irish poet W.B. Yeats, who spent much of his life in the area. Visitors can explore ancient monuments, castles, and historical sites, including Carrowmore Megalithic Cemetery, one of the largest stone age cemeteries in Europe.

In addition, Sligo offers a vibrant arts and music scene, with festivals and events throughout the year. The town is relatively small and peaceful, making it a great place to enjoy nature and Irish traditions.

Lake Tekapo

Nestled in the heart of New Zealand's South Island, Lake Tekapo captivates with its ethereal "Milky Blue" hue, a stunning result of glacial rock flour. By day, marvel at the picturesque reflections on its tranquil surface, and by night, discover why it's designated a 'Dark Sky Reserve.' Under a blanket of countless stars, you might even witness the magical Southern Lights (Aurora Australis) at this world-renowned stargazing haven. Relax at the cozy lakeside resorts and cafes, and immerse yourself in Tekapo's natural wonders

Ballycotton is popular with tourists for its coastal walks, seafood restaurants, and opportunities for fishing and boating. Every year, the village hosts local festivals that celebrate Irish culture and community life. Despite being small, Ballycotton offers a peaceful atmosphere and a chance to enjoy traditional Irish coastal scenery.

2. Edinburgh

3. Lake District

4. Oxford

5. Stratford-upon-Avon

1. Wanderlight — ‘빛을 따라 떠나는 여행’의 느낌, poetic하고 현대적

2. Beyond Miles — 단순한 이동을 넘어선 ‘경험의 여행’을 강조

3. Echoes of Earth — 세계 곳곳의 자연과 문화의 ‘메아리’를 담은 제목

4. The Roam Journal — 자유롭게 떠도는 여행자의 일기 느낌

5. Boundless — 국경 없는 여행과 자유를 상징

✈️ 젊고 트렌디한 스타일

1. Globetrotter Weekly — 고전적이면서도 여전히 매력적인 여행잡지 느낌

2. Jet & Joy — 짧고 catchy한 제목, ‘비행과 즐거움’의 조합

3. Nomad Notes — 디지털 노마드나 자유여행자 타깃에 적합

4. Go See Do — 행동 중심, 에너지 넘치는 라이프스타일 잡지 같은 느낌

5. Off the Map — 관광지 밖, 숨은 여행지를 다루는 잡지에 어울림

🏞️ 자연·문화 중심 스타일

1. Soul of Places — 여행지를 단순한 공간이 아니라 ‘영혼 있는 장소’로 표현

2. Atlas Stories — 지도 속에 숨겨진 이야기들을 풀어내는 콘셉트

3. The Great Escape — 일상 탈출, 자연으로의 여정 강조

4. Footprints — 여행의 흔적과 기억을 상징

5. Winds & Wonders — 자연의 힘과 경이로움을 함께 담음

📚 전통적 잡지 느낌

1. Voyager — 탐험가의 의미, 고전적이고 권위 있는 느낌

2. Travelogue — ‘여행기’라는 뜻, 감성적이면서도 정통 잡지풍

3. Terra & Tales — 땅(Terra)과 이야기(Tales), 문화·자연 중심 잡지에 적합

4. Horizons — 지평선처럼 확장되는 시야와 여행의 은유

5. Worldview — 세계를 바라보는 시각, 다문화적 콘셉트에 어울림

History, Cultural Meaning, and Educational Value of English-speaking Countries’ Sports

내용: ‘아메리칸 드림’이라는 문화 개념이 미국 광고와 마케팅 전략에 어떻게 활용되는지 분석.

캐나다의 친절 문화 Kindness and Politeness in Canadian Society

Comparison of Passenger Service Culture Between U.S. and U.K. Airlines

Community Policing in the United States (미국의 지역사회 경찰 제도)

High School Prom in the U.S. and U.K.

영미권의 고등학교 졸업파티

Tips are an expression of appreciation to service workers such as restaurants, hotels, and taxis.
But in the English-speaking world, especially in the U.S. and Canada, it's more than just a thank you
Socially, it is considered 'expected behavior', that is, almost 'duty'.

The reason is in the wage structure. The U.S. could be an example of this

Many service workers in the U.S. earn a low minimum wage of about $23 an hour.

So the tip is not a bonus, it's become a major source of income for maintaining a living.

Customers usually tip 15 to 20 percent at restaurants,

If you don't give a tip, you'll be seen as a rude person.

The tip system has the effect of reducing labor costs from a company's point of view.
Because companies don't have to pay employees all their wages
It can keep food prices low, and it also secures competitiveness.

In addition, from the perspective of workers, compensation based on performance,

In other words, the higher the customer satisfaction, the more income you can earn

It also serves as a motivation to improve the quality of service.

But there is definitely a negative side as well. Income varies depending on the customer's mood or situation, so income is unstable,

Consistent quality of service is difficult to maintain. It also strengthens the structure of wage inequality as companies pass on labor costs to customers.

Tipping culture is almost nonexistent in Korea. This is because most of the service charges are already included in the price.

For example, in a restaurant, "inclusive of service" is the default on the bill, and the customer does not have to pay extra.

Instead, companies directly pay their employees' wages and customers use the service at a clear and fair price.

Therefore, in Korean society, the quality of service is maintained through corporate management system and employee training rather than the customer's 'will to pay'.

This table is a comparison between English-speaking countries and Korea's tip culture.

In the English-speaking world, tips have become a social custom, and they are almost essential to pay when using the service.

On the other hand, in Korea, tip culture has not developed because good service is considered a basic obligation.

This difference shows the difference in how each country looks at 'service' and ' hospitality'."

Management-wise, the tipping system is a kind of incentive system.
In other words, you can drive motivation and productivity improvement by differentiating rewards based on individual performance.
But at the same time, there is also a risk of income disparity or instability.

On the other hand, institutions like Korea emphasize stability and trust.

As businesses directly manage wages and quality of service, customers get predictable satisfaction.

This structure focuses on sustainable service quality rather than short-term efficiency.

The difference in tip culture that I talked about today is not just about giving and receiving money,
It shows what different societies think of 'good service' and 'fair compensation'.
When you use the service in the future, I would like you to think about the meaning of culture and economy contained in it. With this, I'll end my presentation. Thank you.

England rugby

history

There is a legend that the origin of rugby was developed in the early 19th century in the British Public School (especially Rugby School) to change the rules of football and run with the ball.

On March 27, 1871, there was the first international rugby match between Scotland and England, which began the history of international games.

cm

In England, rugby is seen as a sport for character building, not just a physical activity. Connected with the idea of 'muscular Christianity', I tried to develop virtues such as courage, teamwork, and self-control through exercise.

em

If I apply rugby to physical education classes, you can set educational goals such as 'moving as a team', 'respect for the other and referee', and 'creative movement in the rules'.

Canada ice hockey

history

Indoor organized competitions were first recorded at the Victoria Skating Rink (Montriol) in 1875.

cutural meaning

In Canada, the winter is long and cold, so the ice freezes easily.

These climate conditions naturally become the foundation of ice hockey development.

educational meaning

Also, it is a good sport to explore the impact of terrain and climate on sports choices.

USA baseball

history

Baseball functioned as a 'common cultural experience' that integrates various ethnic and religious groups in the United States.

cultural meaning

Baseball is called 'the American game'. There is a symbolism that people from various backgrounds gather and enjoy together through one rule and game system.

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It is suitable for students to develop teamwork, strategic thinking, body control ability, etc.

USA football

history

It began in American universities in the late 1800s in the form of a mixture of British rugby and football rules.

The early game was almost like rugby.

cr m

American society values "strategic competition" such as organization, leadership, and strategy.

ed m

Football needs to analyze various tactics and judge according to the situation.

Strategic thinking + decision-making power + problem-solving ability is greatly developed.

Austrailia criket

history

British soldiers and immigrants spread cricket in the 18th and 19th centuries.

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It shows Australia's relaxed and open national character.

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Cricket fosters teamwork, strategic thinking, and concentration.

By researching the sports culture of Australia, England, USA, and Canada, I learned that each country teaches different values through sports.

While preparing for the presentation, I realized that sports are not just about winning or losing, but can help students grow in many ways. This experience was meaningful for me as someone who wants to become a physical education teacher. In the future, I want to use these ideas in my classes so students can learn good character and positive attitudes through sports.

Language is not just a means of communication but reflects the values and cultural context of its speakers.
Just as culture shapes language, language mirrors worldview, and understanding this is key to grasping how English influences thinking in English-speaking cultures.

Frequent use of "I" reflects explicit subject expression and emphasis on personal agency.

• This gift is really for I, not for anyone else.

• The person who helped I yesterday was very kind.

• She said that I should try harder.

‘Individualism’

English-speaking cultures highly value individual autonomy and self-expression.

Linguistically, English’s subject-first, direct sentence structure emphasizes the individual as the main actor in communication.

Possessive Expressions

In English-speaking cultures, my is used not only for objects but also for relationships such as family and friends, emphasizing individual ownership. This reflects a more individual-centered way of thinking rather than a relationship-centered one.

• I spent the weekend with my family.

• She is my best friend, and my friend always gives me good advice.

Direct Communication

In individualistic cultures, people tend to express their opinions and feelings openly. This leads to “low-context communication,” where Yes/No responses are clear, and people prefer direct questions and straightforward answers rather than guessing each other’s intentions.

• Do you like this restaurant? – Yes, I do.

• Can you help me with this task? – No, I’m busy right now.

Privacy: The concept of respecting personal space and secrets.

“Mind your own business”: A strong expression meaning not to interfere in others’ matters.

“It’s personal”: Means it’s private and one does not want to share.

Independence and self-reliance: Children are taught to be independent, and adults are expected to take care of themselves.

Personal achievement: Success means fulfilling your own potential and goals, not just beating others.

Respect for diversity: Individual differences are valued, and people try to use inclusive, politically correct language.

‘Cultural background’

On the November 9th episode of Non-Summit, the panel talked about American individualism. They said young Americans focus on what they want rather than others’ opinions. Expressions like “It’s not your business” or “Mind your business” show this mindset. The Korean equivalent is “신경 꺼!”, which made the panel laugh.

Finally ,

Learning about individualism in English-speaking cultures highlighted the value of independence, personal freedom, and respecting boundaries.

Airline service is more than just providing comfort or convenience. It also shows the values and culture of a country. Since flight attendants interact directly with passengers, understanding cultural differences is very important. For this reason, I chose to compare the United States and the United Kingdom, two countries that represent global airline service culture.

In this presentation, I compared the two countries based on five points: service philosophy, communication style, in-flight service, complaint handling, and the overall attitude of flight attendants.

First, let’s look at U.S. airlines. Major airlines include American Airlines, Delta, and United. The United States has a strong individualistic culture and places great importance on customer rights. Because of this, their service tends to be direct, efficient, and practical.

U.S. airline service is generally friendly and casual. Flight attendants often speak to passengers in a relaxed tone, and their personal style is respected. Their service is fast, and they actively explain paid options. However, their direct way of speaking can sometimes feel a bit strong to Korean passengers. For example, they often say things like, “Hi guys, what can I get you?” which sounds very casual.

Next, let’s look at airlines in the United Kingdom. The main airlines are British Airways and Virgin Atlantic. The U.K. values manners and tradition, and this shows in their service. Their style is more polite, formal, and calm.

British flight attendants usually use respectful titles like “Sir” or “Madam,” and they maintain a gentle, polite tone. Their service has an elegant and stable atmosphere. Also, offering tea is a common part of British in-flight service, which shows their cultural identity.

There are also clear differences in complaint handling. American airlines focus on solving problems quickly and directly. British airlines follow polite and formal procedures. American passengers tend to strongly express their rights, while British passengers usually raise complaints calmly and without strong emotions.

To compare the service image of the two countries: U.S. airline service feels friendly, active, and casual—almost like talking to a friend. British airline service feels polite, classy, and traditional.

Some real examples can help explain this better. Delta Air Lines is known for a relaxed atmosphere with natural small talk between crew and passengers. British Airways is known for its calm, steady, and professional service. Virgin Atlantic is famous for being stylish and modern, with a premium brand image.

Both countries have strengths and weaknesses. The strength of American service is its friendliness and fast problem solving. Its weakness is that it can sometimes feel too casual. The strength of British service is its elegance and stability. However, some passengers may feel that it creates a bit of distance.

In conclusion, both the United States and the United Kingdom value passenger experience, but they express it differently. The U.S. focuses on comfort and practicality, while the U.K. emphasizes politeness and class.

As future global flight attendants, it is important for us to understand different cultures and adapt our service to various passengers. I hope this comparison helps us build a more global and flexible service mindset.

Thank you for listening.

Topic: Community Policing in the United States

Slide 1 — Introduction

EN: Hello. I will talk about community policing in the United States.

Community policing is a system where police work closely with local residents.

It focuses on building trust and solving problems together.

KR: 안녕하세요. 저는 미국의 지역사회 경찰 제도에 대해 이야기하겠습니다.

지역사회 경찰은 경찰이 주민들과 밀접하게 협력하는 제도입니다.

이 제도는 신뢰를 쌓고 함께 문제를 해결하는 데 초점을 맞춥니다.

Slide 2 — What Is Community Policing?

EN: Community policing means police officers stay connected with the community.

They do not just respond to crime, but try to prevent it before it happens.

This approach encourages communication and cooperation between police and citizens.

KR: 지역사회 경찰은 경찰관이 지역과 지속적으로 연결되어 있다는 뜻입니다.

범죄가 일어났을 때만 대응하는 것이 아니라, 발생하기 전에 예방하려고 합니다.

이 방식은 경찰과 시민 사이의 소통과 협력을 촉진합니다.

Slide 3 — History of Community Policing

EN: Community policing began to spread in the United States in the 1980s.

At that time, people realized traditional policing could not solve every problem.

So the police started working more with neighborhoods to reduce crime and improve safety.

KR: 지역사회 경찰은 1980년대 미국에서 널리 퍼지기 시작했습니다.

당시 사람들은 기존의 경찰 방식만으로는 모든 문제를 해결하기 어렵다는 것을 깨달았습니다.

그래서 범죄를 줄이고 안전을 높이기 위해 경찰이 지역사회와 더 많이 협력하기 시작했습니다.

Slide 4 — Key Principles

EN: There are three main principles: partnership, problem-solving, and trust.

Partnership means police and community members work as a team.

Problem-solving means they find long-term solutions instead of quick fixes.

KR: 세 가지 핵심 원칙이 있습니다: 협력, 문제 해결, 그리고 신뢰입니다.

협력이란 경찰과 주민이 한 팀처럼 함께 활동하는 것을 의미합니다.

문제 해결은 단기적인 해결이 아니라 장기적인 해결책을 찾는다는 뜻입니다.

Slide 5 — Real Example: Coffee with a Cop

EN: One famous program is called ‘Coffee with a Cop.’

Police officers meet local people in a café and talk casually.

This helps break barriers and allows citizens to share concerns freely.

KR: 가장 유명한 프로그램 중 하나는 ‘Coffee with a Cop’입니다.

경찰관이 카페에서 주민들을 만나 편하게 대화를 나눕니다.

이 활동은 장벽을 낮추고 시민들이 자유롭게 의견과 고민을 말할 수 있게 도와줍니다.

Slide 6 — Benefits

EN: Community policing has many benefits.

It helps reduce fear of crime and makes neighborhoods feel safer.

It also improves communication, so problems can be solved faster.

KR: 지역사회 경찰은 많은 장점이 있습니다.

범죄에 대한 두려움을 줄이고 지역이 더 안전하다고 느끼게 합니다.

또한 소통이 더 활발해져 문제가 더 빠르게 해결됩니다.

Slide 7 — Challenges

EN: However, there are also challenges.

Some communities do not trust the police at first.

It takes time and consistent effort to build strong relationships.

KR: 하지만 문제점도 있습니다.

일부 지역은 처음부터 경찰을 신뢰하지 않을 수 있습니다.

강한 관계를 형성하려면 시간과 꾸준한 노력이 필요합니다.

Slide 8 — Use of Technology

EN: In the U.S., community policing also uses technology.

Police use social media, apps, and data to stay connected with residents.

These tools help share information quickly and strengthen cooperation.

KR: 미국에서는 지역사회 경찰에 기술도 활용됩니다.

경찰은 SNS, 앱, 데이터 등을 사용해 주민들과 계속 연결됩니다.

이 도구들은 정보를 빠르게 공유하고 협력을 강화하는 데 도움이 됩니다.

Slide 9 — Comparison: U.S. vs Korea

EN: There are differences between the U.S. and Korea.

In the U.S., police often focus on long-term relationships with the community.

In Korea, policing is still more centered on efficiency and patrol-based systems.

KR: 미국과 한국 사이에는 차이점이 있습니다.

미국 경찰은 지역과의 장기적인 관계 구축에 더 집중합니다.

반면 한국 경찰은 아직 효율성과 순찰 중심의 시스템에 더 초점이 맞춰져 있습니다.

Slide 10 — Conclusion

EN: In conclusion, community policing aims to make safer and more trusting neighborhoods.

It works best when police and citizens support each other.

I hope this presentation helped you understand how the U.S. uses this system.

KR: 결론적으로, 지역사회 경찰은 더 안전하고 신뢰가 있는 지역을 만드는 것을 목표로 합니다.

경찰과 시민이 서로를 지지할 때 가장 효과적입니다.

이번 발표가 미국의 이 제도를 이해하는 데 도움이 되었길 바랍니다.

Korean:
아메리칸 드림은 열심히 노력하면 누구나 성공할 수 있다는 믿음입니다. 또한 자유를 갖고, 자신만의 길을 선택하며, 스스로 노력해 삶을 더 좋게 만든다는 의미도 포함합니다. 슬라이드의 밝은 이미지는 더 나은 미래를 향한 희망을 표현합니다.

English:
The idea started in the 1930s, when many Americans were living through the Great Depression, a time of poverty and struggle. Even in this hard period, people believed that effort, courage, and strong will could help them escape difficult situations. This shows that the Dream began from hope, not from already having success or money.

Korean:
이 개념은 많은 미국인들이 가난과 어려움 속에 살던 1930년대에 생겼습니다. 이 힘든 시기에도 사람들은 노력과 용기, 의지를 갖고 어려움을 벗어날 수 있다고 믿었습니다. 아메리칸 드림은 돈이 아니라 ‘희망’에서 시작되었다는 것을 보여줍니다.

English:
James Truslow Adams used the term “American Dream” in 1931 and gave it a clear meaning. He said that every person should have a chance to live a better and fuller life, no matter their social class or background. His idea helped the American Dream become a cultural symbol of fairness and opportunity.

Korean:
제임스 트러스로우 아담스는 1931년에 ‘아메리칸 드림’이라는 말을 사용하며 그 의미를 명확히 했습니다. 그는 모든 사람이 배경이나 계급과 상관없이 더 나은 삶을 살 기회를 가져야 한다고 말했습니다. 그의 정의는 아메리칸 드림을 공정함과 기회의 상징으로 만들었습니다.

English:
Today, the meaning of the American Dream is different from the past. Before, it focused on owning a house, having a stable job, and earning a lot of money. Now, people think more about personal happiness, mental health, freedom, and living a life that feels true and meaningful. This shows a big cultural shift from material success to emotional fulfillment.

Korean:
오늘날 아메리칸 드림의 의미는 과거와 많이 다릅니다. 예전에는 집을 사고, 안정된 직업을 갖고, 돈을 많이 버는 것이 중요했습니다. 지금은 행복, 정신적 건강, 자유, 그리고 자신에게 의미 있는 삶에 더 가치를 둡니다. 이는 물질적 성공에서 감정적 만족으로의 큰 변화입니다.

English:
Modern companies use the American Dream to make their ads more emotional and powerful. They want consumers to believe that buying their product will help them improve their lives, reach their goals, or become more confident. By connecting their products to ideas like freedom and individuality, brands make customers feel a deeper connection to the message.

Korean:
현대 기업들은 광고를 더 감성적이고 강하게 만들기 위해 아메리칸 드림을 사용합니다. 제품을 사면 더 나은 삶을 살거나 목표를 이루거나 자신감을 얻을 수 있다고 느끼게 하고 싶어 합니다. 자유, 개성 같은 가치와 제품을 연결해 소비자가 메시지에 더 큰 공감을 느끼도록 합니다.

English:
Nike’s famous slogan “Just Do It” encourages people to take action and believe in their own strength. Their ads often show athletes working hard, sweating, and breaking limits, which reminds viewers that success comes from effort. Nike uses the American Dream to show that anyone—not just professionals—can grow and succeed if they keep trying.

Korean:
나이키의 유명한 슬로건 “Just Do It”은 행동하고 자신의 힘을 믿으라고 말합니다. 광고에서는 선수들이 땀 흘리며 한계를 넘어서는 장면이 많이 나오는데, 이는 성공이 노력에서 온다는 메시지를 줍니다. 나이키는 프로 선수뿐 아니라 누구든 계속 노력하면 성장하고 성공할 수 있다고 말하며 아메리칸 드림을 보여줍니다.

English:
Apple’s “Think Different” focuses on creativity, imagination, and original ideas. Their ads show famous people who changed the world by thinking in unique ways. Apple connects their products to the idea of being creative and true to yourself, making customers feel that choosing Apple helps them express who they really are.

Korean:
애플의 “Think Different”는 창의성, 상상력, 독창적인 생각을 강조합니다. 애플 광고에는 독특한 사고방식으로 세상을 바꾼 사람들이 자주 등장합니다. 애플은 제품을 창의성과 자기다움과 연결해, 소비자에게 애플을 선택하는 것이 자신의 정체성을 표현하는 것처럼 느끼게 합니다.

English:
Brands like Coca-Cola and McDonald’s use the American Dream in a more everyday way. Instead of showing success or hard work, they show people enjoying simple moments: drinking soda with friends or sharing a meal. These images make customers feel that happiness and freedom are easy to reach.

Korean:
코카콜라와 맥도날드는 더 일상적인 방식으로 아메리칸 드림을 사용합니다. 성공이나 노력 대신, 친구와 음료를 마시거나 식사를 나누는 단순한 행복을 보여줍니다. 이런 장면들은 행복과 자유가 멀리 있는 것이 아니라 쉽게 누릴 수 있다고 느끼게 합니다.

English:
Ads use many visual tools to express the American Dream. Bright colors show energy and hope, while soft lighting creates a warm and positive feeling. Confident faces and strong body language make viewers imagine themselves as happier, stronger, and more successful. These visuals guide our emotions without using many words.

Korean:
광고는 아메리칸 드림을 표현하기 위해 다양한 시각적 요소를 사용합니다. 밝은 색은 에너지와 희망을 보여주고, 부드러운 조명은 따뜻하고 긍정적인 느낌을 줍니다. 자신감 있는 표정과 자세는 보는 사람이 더 행복하고 강하며 성공적인 자신을 상상하게 합니다. 이런 시각적 요소들은 많은 말을 하지 않아도 우리의 감정을 움직입니다.

English:
Marketing shows that the American Dream still represents values like freedom, individuality, and self-growth. However, it also makes people connect success with buying products, which can create pressure to look successful. This affects how society measures a person’s value and how individuals see themselves.

Korean:
마케팅은 아메리칸 드림이 여전히 자유, 개성, 성장 같은 가치를 담고 있다는 것을 보여줍니다. 하지만 성공을 소비와 연결하기 때문에 사람들에게 성공해야 한다는 부담을 줄 수 있습니다. 이는 사회가 사람의 가치를 판단하는 방식과 개인이 자신을 바라보는 방식에 영향을 줍니다.

English:
Today, the American Dream in marketing is more about meaning, creativity, and personal freedom than money. Brands like Nike, Apple, Coca-Cola, and McDonald’s use this idea to inspire people and make emotional connections. Even though the Dream has changed, it is still a powerful message that affects how we think and make choices.

Korean:
오늘날 마케팅 속 아메리칸 드림은 돈보다 의미, 창의성, 개인의 자유에 더 가깝습니다. 나이키, 애플, 코카콜라, 맥도날드 같은 브랜드들은 이 아이디어를 이용해 사람들에게 영감을 주고 감정적으로 연결됩니다. 아메리칸 드림은 의미가 변했지만 여전히 우리의 생각과 선택에 큰 영향을 미칩니다.

Famous Football Players

• Tom Brady

• Patrick Mahomes

• Aaron Donald

• Travis Kelce

Game Rules

1️⃣ Two teams try to move the ball into the opponent’s end zone to score points.

2️⃣ The team with the ball is called the offense, and the other team is the defense.

3️⃣ The offense has four chances (downs) to advance the ball 10 yards.

4️⃣ If they succeed, they earn a new set of four downs. If they fail, possession goes to the other team.

5️⃣ A touchdown is worth 6 points, and teams can earn extra points through a kick or running play.

• 11 players are on the field for each team.

• The total game time is 90 minutes.

Offense Positions

• Quarterback (QB): Leader of the offense; throws passes or hands the ball to the running back.

• Running Back (RB): Runs with the ball.

• Wide Receiver (WR): Catches passes and runs downfield.

• Offensive Line (OL): Blocks defenders and protects the quarterback and running back.

Defense Positions

• Defensive Line (DL): Stops the opponent’s run or pressures the quarterback.

• Linebacker (LB): Defends both the run and the pass.

• Cornerback (CB) & Safety (S): Covers receivers and prevents big passing plays.

Why Football Is Popular in the U.S.

American football is exciting, highly strategic, and deeply tied to American culture through the NFL, Super Bowl, and strong school traditions.

• NFL (National Football League): The most famous professional league in the world.

• The Super Bowl, the NFL championship game, is the biggest sporting event in the U.S., with the highest advertising costs globally.

Player Salary Examples

• Dak Prescott: Signed a 4-year extension with the Dallas Cowboys in 2024, earning $60 million per year (about 80 billion KRW).

• Patrick Mahomes: Signed a 10-year contract in 2020 worth $450 million (about 603 billion KRW).

How to Become an NFL Player

1. Start in High School

• Play on your high school football team and perform at a high level.

• College scholarships: Outstanding high school performance can earn a scholarship to play college football.

2. Improve Skills in College Football

• Key skill training: Footwork, football IQ, techniques (beating defenders, hand–eye coordination, etc.).

• Structured training: Develop balanced skills through footwork drills and upper-body training.

3. Enter the Draft or Sign a Contract

• Draft eligibility: You must be three years removed from high school graduation to enter the NFL Draft.

• Draft selection: If you perform well in college, you may be drafted by an NFL team.

• Free agent (FA) contracts: Even if undrafted, players with strong ability can sign as free agents.

• Alternative path: Rarely, players can enter the draft without playing college football as long as 3 years have passed since high school.

  • According to Reddit, athletes like Brock Lesnar followed unusual paths.

Prom usually takes place in May or June, just before graduation. It is often held in a hotel ballroom, a large gym, or an event hall. On this day, students dress up nicely. Boys typically wear suits or tuxedos, and girls wear elegant dresses. Everyone tries to look their best for this special night.

Before the prom begins, many students take pictures with their friends or go out to eat together. Some students even rent a limousine to make the experience more memorable and fun.

During the prom, there is music, dancing, and lots of laughter. Students enjoy spending time with friends and celebrating their school years. One popular tradition is choosing the Prom King and Prom Queen, who are usually voted for by the students.

In the United States, prom is a very important part of high school culture. It represents freedom, friendship, and growing up. In the United Kingdom, prom is sometimes called the “Leavers’ Ball.” It is usually more formal and focuses on celebrating the end of school and making lasting memories.

Prom is more than just a party. It is a symbol of becoming an adult and starting a new chapter in life. It marks both an ending and a beginning.

Personally, I think prom is a beautiful tradition that celebrates youth, friendship, and new beginnings. I also hope that someday Korean schools will have similar events so students can experience this special moment.

Today, I will talk about Canadian kindness.

Canada is known as a very kind and polite country.

Many people around the world think Canadians are friendly and respectful.

First, let’s talk about what kindness means.

Kindness means being gentle, helpful, and caring to other people.

It also means trying not to hurt others with words or actions.

Many people think Canadians always say “sorry” and “thank you.”

People also believe Canadians try to stay calm and polite in most situations.

This image is very common around the world.

Canadian kindness comes from their culture.

Canadian culture values respect and fairness for everyone.

Children learn from a young age to be polite and to think about others.

In daily life, Canadians use “please” and “thank you” many times.

They wait in line quietly, without pushing or cutting.

They also respect personal space and do not stand too close.

In Canada, people say “sorry” very often.

But “sorry” does not always mean it was their mistake.

It is used to show respect and to keep peace between people.

Canadian people speak in a soft and gentle way.

They try not to hurt someone’s feelings.

When they talk about difficult topics, they use indirect and careful words.

There is also a psychological reason for Canadian kindness.

Helping others makes people feel good and builds trust.

Small actions like holding the door can create a warm and positive society.

There are many examples of kindness in everyday life.

Drivers stop for people crossing the street.

Workers in stores speak kindly and smile at customers.

These small actions make daily life more comfortable.

In conclusion, Canadian kindness comes from culture, psychology, and respect for diversity.

Kindness helps people live together in a safe and peaceful way.

Thank you for listening.

1. Why Blood Donation Is Needed

● Blood donation saves millions of lives every year.

Hospitals need a constant blood supply for surgeries, cancer treatments, and emergencies.

2. What Is Blood Donation Culture?

● Blood donation culture shows how a society thinks about and participates in donating blood.

Some countries see it as a social duty, while others focus on personal choice.

3. Blood Donation in the UK

● In the UK, blood donation is managed by NHS Blood and Transplant, which runs donor centers and mobile drives.

British people often see blood donation as a way to support the National Health Service.

4. Blood Donation in Australia

● Australia Red Cross Lifeblood collects millions of donations each year through community-based activities.

Schools and workplaces often donate together, making blood donation a strong community tradition.

5. Blood Donation in the USA

● The American Red Cross leads most blood drives in the USA and even ran the “Missing Types” campaign to raise awareness.

Blood donation is viewed as personal responsibility and volunteer work in American culture.

6.Comparison of the Three Countries

●The UK, Australia, and the USA each have a main national group that collects blood, like NHSBT, Lifeblood, and the American Red Cross.

People think differently about donation: UK donors want to help the NHS, Australians feel strong community spirit, and Americans see it as a civic duty.

7. Comparison with Korea

● In Korea, the Korean Red Cross manages an efficient donation system nationwide.

However, there are fewer local volunteer campaigns compared to English-speaking countries.

8. Culture Interpretation: Why Are There Differences?

● Differences in blood donation culture come from each country’s values and systems.

English-speaking countries emphasize individual duty, while Korea focuses on organized participation.

9. Interaction between English-speaking culture and Korea

● Korea uses a well-organized Red Cross system, while English-speaking countries focus more on people choosing to donate freely.

But both try to teach people about blood donation and encourage helping others.

10.Conclusion

●Blood donation is both a medical act and a cultural practice.

Blood connects people beyond borders, showing our shared humanity.

Barbour and Burberry are good examples of “Britishness” in fashion.

Barbour has a more countryside and practical background, while Burberry comes from the modern and luxurious city of London.

Even though they started in different places, both brands keep their traditional roots but also change with the times.

This balance is what makes them very special.

2. Tradition and Modernity

Tradition is like the foundation of a brand.

It includes the brand’s history, culture, and identity.

Modernity means taking these traditions and updating them so they fit today’s world.

These two ideas are not fighting with each other—they actually work together.

If a brand only sticks to tradition, it may look too old.

If it focuses only on modern trends, it may lose its identity.

British brands are good at mixing both, and that’s why they stay strong globally.

3. Barbour – Traditional Image

Barbour started in 1894 and is strongly connected to countryside and hunting culture in Britain.

It has two famous traditional elements:

The waxed jacket, which was originally worn by fishermen and farmers.

It represents the practical and hardworking countryside lifestyle.

The tartan check, which shows Barbour’s Scottish heritage and visual identity.

These features help Barbour keep its classic and practical image.

4. Barbour – Modern Image

But Barbour also uses modern strategies.

One example is the Modern Heritage Collection, where the brand redesigns the classic jacket for women and Gen Z customers.

Another example is the Re-Wax Service, which repairs and rewaxes old jackets.

This connects Barbour’s long tradition with today’s focus on sustainability.

So Barbour protects its classic style while still attracting younger people.

5. Barbour’s Marketing

Barbour uses three main marketing approaches.

First, the in-store experience.

Their Covent Garden store lets customers see how waxed jackets are made and learn about the tartan pattern.

It helps people feel connected to the brand’s history.

Second, storytelling.

Their campaign “The Barbour Way of Life” shows peaceful countryside life, nature, and family values.

Third, digital marketing.

In 2024, Barbour released a mobile game for Gen Z in Asia.

Players can make their own content, which spreads Barbour’s traditional image online.

Overall, Barbour focuses on giving customers the experience of the brand, not just selling clothes.

6. Burberry – Tradition and Modernity

Burberry, founded in 1856, is a symbol of British luxury.

Its two traditional features are:

The trench coat, which comes from military uniforms.

The Burberry check, which represents British elegance.

But Burberry also adds modern elements.

It uses art, digital videos, and fashion films to show London’s creative and modern vibe.

So Burberry brings together the elegance of the past and the creativity of today.

7. Burberry’s Marketing

Burberry is very strong in digital marketing.

It uses live streams, social media content, and modern fashion films to refresh its image.

It also shows classic British feelings—like rainy weather, fog, and London streets.

Some of its recent global campaigns are:

“It’s Always Burberry Weather”

“Postcards from London”

These campaigns connect the trench coat with London’s culture.

Burberry also uses AR technology so people can try on coats and scarves online.

With these strategies, Burberry becomes both traditional and creative, and it appeals to younger customers around the world.

8. Comparing the Two Brands

Barbour focuses more on countryside heritage.

Burberry focuses on modern city luxury.

But both brands have something in common:

They protect British tradition while also bringing in new and modern ideas.

9. What I Learned About Marketing and Culture

Through this project, I learned that marketing is not only about selling products.

It is also about sharing cultural values and identity.

Media helps make old traditions easier for modern people to understand.

10. Why Culture-Based Marketing Matters

Marketing based on British culture helps people around the world connect with the brand.

People don’t just buy the product—they buy the culture and experience that come with it.

So marketing becomes a form of cultural communication.

11. Final Insight

In the end, I realized that keeping a balance between tradition and modernity is important for building a strong brand identity.

A truly successful brand begins with a deep understanding of its own culture.

“In the U.S., sports are more than just games.
Athletes can influence many people, so they often speak out about inequality and human rights.
We focus on the U.S. because its sports culture is huge and powerful, making it an effective way to spread social messages.”

“First, Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier in 1947 and helped start racial integration.

Muhammad Ali became one of the most famous athlete-activists by standing up for his beliefs.

More recently, Colin Kaepernick kneeled during the national anthem to protest racial injustice, creating a big national conversation.”

“Laws also matter. Title IX in 1972 banned gender discrimination and increased opportunities for women in sports.

LGBTQ+ athletes are also helping society become more open and inclusive.
In the end, sports bring people together and remind us that we are ‘Stronger Together.’”

“Some people say sports shouldn’t be political, but these debates keep important issues visible.

In conclusion, sports in the U.S. have a strong power to support justice and social progress.
As Nelson Mandela said, ‘Sport has the power to change the world.’

This topic shows how different cultures create different service styles in the air.

Air travel connects people globally, but in-flight service varies by culture.

in English-speaking countries, the relationship between passengers and crew is very equal. Because personal space and independence are valued, in-flight service is mostly request-based rather than proactive

“Cabin crew communicate in a friendly and relaxed way, using natural expressions. They often smile and engage in light small talk without being overly formal.”

“English-speaking airlines prioritize safety and efficiency above everything else. They also value diversity, offering various meal options like vegan, halal, and kosher to meet different passenger needs.

In English-speaking countries, passengers are encouraged to be independent, creating a relaxed, efficiency-focused cabin with less high-touch service.

English-speaking airlines allow flexible, practical, and comfortable appearances, including hairstyles, makeup, and small tattoos or piercings.

Passengers in English-speaking countries are independent, value personal space, and seek crew help only when necessary.

Some English-speaking airlines use humor in safety demos to engage passengers and create a relaxed, friendly atmosphere.

“English-speaking airlines are more casual and focus on independence. Korean airlines are more formal and focus on polite, attentive service.”

“In-flight service reflects each country’s culture. English-speaking airlines value independence and equality, while Korea focuses on politeness and caring service.”

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First, USA healthcare system
The United States actively uses the Nurse Practitioner (NP) system to improve access to healthcare.
NPs are crucial in primary care, giving patients get faster and effective services

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What exactly is an NP system
The NP system allows trained nurses to treat, and prescribe without a doctor's direct supervision.
NPs are key to filling medical gaps in areas with fewer doctors or in primary care settings

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The U.S. healthcare system is well-known for being very expensive for patients overall.
But, the NP system in the U.S. helps lower these costs by offering cheaper primary care than Korea's usual doctor-led system.

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Next is the UK
The UK has the National Health Service (NHS), a unique universal care system.
This system provides free medical services to all citizens, and it is mainly funded by general taxes.

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What's NHS
NHS means almost no patient costs for healthcare, as taxes fund it.
Patients start with a General Practitioner (GP) and then see specialists, using resources well.

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Next is  Japan
Japan has had a universal health insurance system since 1961, where everyone must join a health insurance plan.
It offers high-quality care with low patient payments through its multiple insurance plans

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Now Korea
Korea ensures easy access to medical services.
It has affordable costs and great technology, but seeks better efficiency and staff balance.

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Next is the Common roles of nurses
In four countries, nurse assess patients, carry out treatment plans, and educate patients and families about health.
They are essential frontline caregivers, helping patients recover both physically and emotionally.
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Next are the Differences
U.S. NPs have much independence, unlike Korean nurses who mainly assist doctors.
UK nurses help primary care with GPs, while Japanese nurses focus on elder home visits in their aging society.
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In conclusion , each country's healthcare system and nurse roles developed from its history.
Learning from these models helps future nurses find new ways to improve global healthcare.