https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o Sadie Wallsmith Period 2 en-us 2021-11-02 23:31:31 UTC 2021-11-06 17:46:29 UTC hello@padlet.com swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863024117 Punch was an indentured servant when he ran away. When the judge sentenced Punch to lifelong servitude in response, he set a new precedent: rather than working off their servitude, people could now be indentured for life. ]]> 2021-11-02 23:41:07 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863024117 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863024534 Equiano wrote the first slave narrative. He was a writer, one of the first to share his experience as a slave. ]]> 2021-11-02 23:41:27 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863024534 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863024809 The two-volume series The Interesting Narrative of Life of Odulah Equiano set a new narrative around slavery. Through his honest writing, Equiano showed white people slavery through a former slave's eyes. This challenged the narrative that Black people like to be enslaved. ]]> 2021-11-02 23:41:40 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863024809 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863025874 Banneker was a mathematician, the inventor of the clock. He wrote to Jefferson about the hypocrisy of his fighting for freedom while still enslaving people, and received a response. ]]> 2021-11-02 23:42:20 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863025874 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863026132 Jackson was a Southern Democrat and military hero. He reigned President of the United States from 1829 until 1837. His work is celebrated by white supremacists today due to the racially discriminatory legal systems that he established. ]]> 2021-11-02 23:42:31 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863026132 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863026439 Jacksonian Democracy established the two party system. Previously, state legislators elected the governors and president. In an effort to gain the support of lower-class white men, Jackson gave voting rights to all white men. He shifted the former barrier surrounding suffrage, financial and land status, to race. Now, no matter how much money or how much land a Black man had, they no longer had any say in the country's governance. ]]> 2021-11-02 23:42:46 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863026439 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863026979 The abolitionist movement leading up to the Civil War shared a variety of different perspectives. Many of those advocating for the emancipation of slaves did not have slaves' best interests in mind. They opposed the South's planter-based economy, advocating instead for the North's industry-based economy. Many abolitionists did not support integration. Some, like the American Colonization Society, wanted Black people to leave the United States. The rhetoric of "Go back to your country" was created. ]]> 2021-11-02 23:43:12 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863026979 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863038529 Garrison believed in self-defense over anything. He was an anti-racist. He led a magazine, the Liberator. The press was integral to spreading information and organizing movements.]]> 2021-11-02 23:52:26 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863038529 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863038778 Douglas was a leader of the abolitionist movement. He published Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglas, An American Slave. Slave narratives were integral to the abolitionist movement due to the stories they told and the people they reached.]]> 2021-11-02 23:52:38 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863038778 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863043072 2021-11-02 23:55:58 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863043072 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863046069 The planter-based economic system that the United States had developed was challenged by freed Black peoples' labor. In an effort to protect America's planter-based economy, the American Colonization Society was established. Presidents Madison and Jackson attended the first American Colonization Society meetings. At these meetings, their mission was established: to transport freed Black people to the area south of Sierra Leone. Over 3,000 people were killed due to the boat-ride, disease, and other factors. ]]> 2021-11-02 23:58:08 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863046069 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863047845 Although her work was monumental in the abolitionist movement, Mott was excluded from the World Anti-Slavery convention. This shows two things: the existence of a World Anti-Slavery Convention proves that abolition was a common, known, advocated for, concept. This also demonstrates that the abolition movement had its flaws, its sexism one of them. ]]> 2021-11-02 23:59:26 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863047845 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863066217 In an effort to postpone the inevitable Civil War, congress created a compromise to please the South. After the Liberty Act, Slave Holders Can Kidnap Black People Without Having to Prove Their Enslavement. Police Were Established As Slave-Catchers. This is significant because this is how law enforcement was created. The police force's roots are the capturing of Black people and the upholding of white supremacy.]]> 2021-11-03 00:11:54 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863066217 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863070098 The 13th Amendment abolished slavery. However this Amendment, in its line "except as a punishment for crime", created today's prison industrial complex. This established the precedent that the United States could force unpaid labor through arresting people. ]]> 2021-11-03 00:14:25 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863070098 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863070387 Formerly not granted citizenship, the 14th Amendment was monumental in its guarantee of rights under the Constitution to Black people. By giving slaves citizenship, Jacksonian Democracy was eliminated. ]]> 2021-11-03 00:14:36 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863070387 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863070673 The 15th Amendment allowed Black people to vote. The third of three reconstruction amendments, it stated that no man can be denied a vote based on "race, color, or previous condition of servitude".]]> 2021-11-03 00:14:47 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863070673 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863071677 Black codes imposed a list of restrictions on Black people. They restricted freedom, labor, and the movement of freed slaves through banning vagrancy, preaching, unemployment, large groups, drinking, miscegenation, and made finding housing very difficult. ]]> 2021-11-03 00:15:24 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863071677 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863073968 The Freeman's Bureau was created to help formerly enslaved people become self-sufficient. It had four goals: food, shelter, clothing, and education. This bureau helped establish the first Black schools. ]]> 2021-11-03 00:16:41 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863073968 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863074400 The first university for Black people was founded in Cheney, Pennsylvania. It was called the Institute for Colored Youth. The first High School for Black youth was founded in Washington DC in 1870. It was called The Preparatory High School for Colored Youth. The education that these schools provided was integral to future Civil Rights wins as these schools raised the writers, lawyers, and scholars that would further the Civil Rights movement.]]> 2021-11-03 00:16:55 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863074400 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863075842 In 1865, organized groups began to form in response to the recent Reconstruction Amendments. These groups included the KKK, White League, and Knights of White Camelia. Their objectives were to destroy reconstructive government. Their tactics were violence. They intimidated Black People, as well as the White people in power. They hoped to restore White Supremacy. Law Enforcement did not stop their violent acts. When Law Enforcement did not protect people participating in reconstruction, this set the precedent that racist groups can be violent without Law Enforcement repercussions. This established the precedent that hate groups were outside of the law.]]> 2021-11-03 00:17:44 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863075842 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863085677 After a 3-year civil war, Lincoln published the Emancipation Proclamation. This stated that all enslaved people "henceforward shall be free".]]> 2021-11-03 00:23:27 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1863085677 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865506457 Plessy v Fergusen coined the phrase "Seperate But Equal" when the Supreme Court ruled that Black people and White people could legally be segregated, the facilities for Black and White people just had to be equal. ]]> 2021-11-03 18:08:18 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865506457 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865507371 Dubois and Washington's viewpoints clashed in their 19th century debates. The two disagreed on the best path to equality for Black people: whether they should obey by the rules that the White men had detailed, and this rule-following will show that they are respectable members of society deserving of equality; or if they should rebel and fight against these rules to claim equality for themselves. Both opinions were well respected and supported.]]> 2021-11-03 18:08:40 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865507371 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865507975 Tensions grew among White people after an increase in Black people migrating from the South. This culminated into violent KKK lynchings, including a weekly entertainment event among the white people where they would lynch a Black man every Saturday night. Thousands of White people would come, bringing their children and popcorn. ]]> 2021-11-03 18:08:57 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865507975 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865508274 Expression bloomed in the 1920's, with artists such as Billie Holiday, Langston Hughes, and Effie Lee Newsome. Their work spoke of their experience being Black, of their struggles, joys, and experiences. ]]> 2021-11-03 18:09:05 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865508274 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865508684 Strange Fruit was composed by Abel Meeropol and sung by Billie Holiday. "Strange Fruit" was a metaphor for the lynchings of Black people. The song discussed these topics, saying "Black bodies swinging in the Southern breeze". ]]> 2021-11-03 18:09:14 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865508684 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865511359 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KTBQBtxJa6w]]> 2021-11-03 18:10:20 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865511359 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865779722 "Some times I feel like a motherless child" reflects the experiences that many enslaved people went through. The separation of families was a common experience throughout slavery. The honesty of this music, passed down through history, provides insight into the lives of enslaved people. https://youtu.be/KiJx1Hbn_KM]]> 2021-11-03 20:23:16 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865779722 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865781158 The storytelling of this music, passed down through history, provides a glimpse into the lives of enslaved people within America. https://youtu.be/v8r5wxpa3hg ]]> 2021-11-03 20:24:09 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865781158 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865801987 Slave owners can legally track down escaped enslaved people and they must undergo a legal process to prove that the person that they have captured is enslaved. ]]> 2021-11-03 20:37:36 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865801987 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865832261 The first terrorist attack in US history, the Tulsa Massacre  took the lives of over a dozen people. After decades of intimidating witnesses and others to not investigate these crimes, mass graves are just beginning to be excavated. ]]> 2021-11-03 20:59:18 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1865832261 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1868522589 Due to how dangerous the South was, many Black people chose to migrate North. ]]> 2021-11-04 21:56:25 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1868522589 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1868524511 Brown v Board of Education set the precedent that segregating schools was unconstitutional. It began to unravel "separate but equal" doctrines. ]]> 2021-11-04 21:58:10 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1868524511 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1868526572 Protesters rebelling against racism in the United States were met with violence. Nevertheless, they persisted. ]]> 2021-11-04 22:00:01 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1868526572 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1871808896 Busses filled with both Black and White people trained in non-violence traveled through the South. They were met with violent mobs throughout their protest, and law enforcement allowed these mobs to attack them. ]]> 2021-11-06 17:35:05 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1871808896 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1871812192 Originating in Oakland, the Black Panther's Free Breakfast Program fed over tens of thousands of children in a mass coordinated effort that expanded through multiple states. Our current free breakfast program is due to the Black Panther's work. ]]> 2021-11-06 17:38:24 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1871812192 swallsmith6027 https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1871815296 Boycotting Montgomery's busing system, for over a year, shocked Montgomery's economy. This nonviolent form of protest let to the ruling that segregation on public transit is unconstitutional. ]]> 2021-11-06 17:41:42 UTC https://padlet.com/swallsmith6027/swpg04pfc793es3o/wish/1871815296