The hero of this TedTalk, Lisa Bu, is a wonderful woman. After watching her speech I was very inspired. It encourages me to read. Me! The person who studies on phylological faculty!

By the way, she doesn't just say: "oh, reading is cool, read books", but she explains her thoughts and shares her experience and ideas.
For me, as phylologist, it was interensting to hear about the idea of comparative reading. It's the way of reading when you read not only one book, but two or more at the same time. 
Why do you need  this? It helps to see different points of views on one subject, compare them and fint the truth. I think that it's especially suits for history and different cultural things that have science debates.

            Therefore, this video can be useful, Celesta Headlee – the speaker - gave the most important advices from her own experience, and the points seems simple but very essential. They are:

1.     Don’t multitask – be present

2.     Don’t pontificate  «Everyone you will ever meet knows something that you don’t» (Bill Nye)

3.     Ask open-ended questions – start with who, what, when, where, why or how

4.     Go with the flow – whatever you think of, let it go

5.     If you don’t know, say that you don’t know

6.     Don’t equate your experience with theirs – all experiences are individual – it is not about you

7.     Try not to repeat yourself – it’s condescending and boring

8.     Stay out of the weeds

9.     LISTEN – the most important one – «If your mouth is open you’re not learning» (Buddha) – «Nobody ever listened his way out of a job» (Calvin Coolidge)

10.  Be brief

       The advantages of the speech are the quotes of well-known speakers and figures, some of which you see in the main points, simple words with the intensity in her most important ideas, jokes and life stories, an intriguing beginning and end of a Ted talk. For example, I liked a joke about the husband of the author: «So, my husband wanted to leave me because he said, «I talk too much» but I was able to talk him out of it».

       The disadvantage of the words of Celesta Headlee is a small number of new words and collocations for me, but they are all exciting and unusual. For example, the collocation in the joke: to talk (someone) out of something is to convince them to do something different, usually by talking a lot.

        In conclusion, I would like to say that the video will help you understand the simple rules which really improve your conversation, what is most important in the speech - the speaker gives the motivation, Celeste really knows what she is talking about and speaks with the incredible passion and professionalism. Therefore, I can strongly recommend it for viewing. 

        The main quote of the speaker: «I came to realize that conversational competence might be the single most overlooked skill we fail to teach. Kids spend hours each day engaging with ideas and each other through screens, but rarely do they have an opportunity to hone their interpersonal communications skills. It might sound like a funny question, but we have to ask ourselves: Is there any 21st-century skill more important than being able to sustain coherent, confident conversation?»
The new words and collocations:

      To enlightened v.[ɪnˈlaɪtnd] – give (someone) greater knowledge and understanding about a subject or situation (просвещать)

       Awkward adj. [ˈɔːkwəd] – causing or feeling embarrassment or inconvenience (неловкий, затруднительный)

      To equate v.[ɪ'kweɪt] – to connect with something that is equal (приравнивать, считать равным)
      To multitask v. [mʌl.tiˈtɑːsk] – to do more than one thing at a time (работать в многозадачном режиме)
       To pontificate v.[pɔn'tɪfɪkeɪt] – to speak or write and give your opinion about something as if you knew everything about it and as if only your opinion was correct (говорить или вести себя важно, напыщенно).
        To stay out of the weeds - Don't say too much unnecessary things (не говорить много ненужных подробностей)
       To be in the weeds [wiːdz] – to be stuck, in a  bad situation that is hard to get out of (вымотаться)
        To go with the flow – 1. To not push against prevailing behavior/norms/attitudes, occassionally including bowing to peer pressure. 2. To not attempt to exert a large amount of influence on the course of events, whether a specific series of events or events in general(плыть по течению, принимать вещи такими, какие они есть)

       To leave out ph.v. [liːv’aut ] = exclude, not include in a larger group (пропускать, не брать во внимание)

       To boil down to [bɔɪl] разг. – to talk about the main essence or idea of something; the principle point (сводиться к (чему-то)).
The questions for discussion:

1.     Which of these skills do you consider the most important? Do you agree with the speaker?

2.     Have you ever had to change your style of communication with people before?

3.     Have you discovered something new in this video? If so, what and how will this help you in life?

Rita Pierson, a teacher with 40 years of experience, heard her colleague say she was being paid to teach her children, not to love them. Rita Pierson's answer to her colleague was: "Kids don't learn from people they don't like".  

This TED Talks is a call to all educators not only to teach children but to communicate with them on a human, personal level because one of the reasons students are failing is a bad teacher-child relationship. Learning cannot take place without a relationship between teacher and pupil. This dialogue is very important for both. The teacher gets feedback, sees the interest of his students, and therefore enjoys his work. The child receives better information from the person who communicates with him on the human level. For example, a teacher who knows how to admit his or her mistakes and apologize to his or her students gets much more respect in the eyes of the student than a teacher who does not think it is necessary to do so. 

A teacher influences his pupil in one way or another and shapes his views on the world. It is important for the teacher not only to be understood but also to try to understand the other. 

This relationship is very important in education. Every child needs an adult who would understand him, support him, help him in difficult moments, and become his best friend. At school, that's the kind of person a teacher is. 

1. Do you agree that teachers influence their students?

2. Do you think relationships, human connections are important in learning?

3. How do you understand the phrase "Kids don't learn from people they don't like"?

4. Did you have a teacher in your life that influenced you? 

1. Maternal grandparents – related to a mother's side of the family (бабушка и дедушка по материнской линии).

2. A lot of perspectives – to compare something to other things so that it can be accurately and fairly judged (разные точки зрения).

3. Drop out – to stop doing something before you have completely finished (бросать учебу). 

4. Peer influences – the power to have an effect on people or things, or a person or thing that is able to do this (влияние сверстников). 

5. Case closed – finished and therefore not able to be discussed any more (дело закрыто).  

6. Bunch of hooey – something that is not true or does not make sense, although some people may believe it (полная чушь). 

7. To be on a roll – to be having a successful or lucky period (быть в ударе).

8. To suck all the life out of somebody – высосать всю жизнь из кого-то. 

9. Make sense – иметь смысл.

10. You betcha – used to say "yes" very strongly, or to show that you are very sure about something (еще бы). 

Liespotter – человек, который распознает ложь.

To flare somebody’s nostrils – раздувать ноздри.

To be armed with – иметь на вооружении.

For the sake of – в целью, во имя.

Con man – мошенник.

White lie – невинная, «белая» ложь.

To recoil – ужасаться.

On an as-needed basis – в зависимости от потребности; по мере необходимости. 

To be clutter with – быть перегруженным; переполненным. 

Non-contracted denial – полное отрицание.

Crow’s feet – «гусиные лапки» вокруг глаз. 

Herky-jerky – непредсказуемый. 

Squirm – нервничать, увиливать.

Veracity – правдивость, достоверность.

1. Do you think that you are a good liespotter?

2. What do you think about the «white lie»? 

3. Can you spot a fake smile?

Imagine a situation: there are two groups of people who do the task connected with creative thinking. One of them were offered awards: the fastest get the amount of money. Another group thought they were solving the problem for establishing norms, averages for how long it typically takes someone to solve this sort of problem.

    Question: How much faster first group solve the problem? 
    Answer: It took them, on average, three and a half minutes longer than for group without awarding. 3.5 min longer. That's not how it's supposed to work, right?

There is a mismatch between what science knows and what business does. Here is what science knows. One: extrinsic motivation (reward-driven behavior) do work only in a narrow band of circumstances. Two: Those if-then rewards often destroy creativity. Three: The secret to high performance isn't rewards and punishments, but that unseen intrinsic drive-- the drive to do things for their own sake. The drive to do things because they matter. 

Rewards, by their very nature, narrow our focus, concentrate the mind. So, for tasks involved only mechanical skill a narrow focus, where you just see the goal right there, they work really well. Are the problems that you face do they have a clear set of rules, and a single solution? No. The rules are mystifying. The solution, if it exists at all, is surprising and not obvious. When a solution is on the periphery, reward would restrict our possibility.

Collocations
(you can use dictionary articles by clicking on word)

·         extrinsic (incentives/rewards/ motivation/stimulus) - coming from outside a particular person or thing 

·         intrinsic (motivation/interest/value/control) - being an extremely important and basic characteristic of a person or thing

·         narrow band of circumstances – limited number

·         if-then rewards - are when we promise to deliver something to an individual once they complete a specific task. If you hit your sales goals this month, then I will give you a bonus.

·         do things for their own sake - if you do something for its own sake, you do it because it is interesting and enjoyable, and not because you have or need to do it

·         against my better judgment - if something is against your better judgment, you think it would be wiser not to do it (~скрепя сердце)

·         to dust off - to prepare something for use, especially after it has not been used for a long time

·         hard-headed (approach/solution/motives) – not influenced by emotions 

·         reward-and-punishment approach

·         incentive (noun) - something, especially money, that encourages a person or organization to do something 

·         has its root in smth - the cause or origin of something bad

·         let me wrap up - to complete something successfully or to finish doing something

·         ideology of carrots and sticks - a system in which you are rewarded for some actions and threatened with punishment for others (~кнут и пряник)

Questions
1) What is your kind of motivation: extrinsic or intrinsic?
2) For which problems and tasks the if-then approach will work in your life?
3) Have you ever felt a bad impact of awarding while doing something creative?

► one-year mark - another way to say just a "year".
For example: One year mark came on a Friday night in July. | В один пятничный июльский вечер моей карьере исполнился год. As we approach the one-year mark since the Security Council was presented... | Поскольку прошло около года с тех пор, как в Совет Безопасности поступило...
► to be depleted - feel very exhausted to do smth.
For example: I knew what to say to calm him down. It was just too depleted to do it. | Я знал, что сказать, чтобы успокоить его, но я был слишком  истощен, чтобы сделать это.
► ruminating -  an obsessive type of thinking in which the same topics or thoughts constantly arise in a person’s head, displacing all other types of mental activity.
For example: It was the hours I spent ruminating about work. | Я тратил много времени на размышления о работе.
► flood in - appear in large numbers.
For example: I closed the door to my office every night, but the door in my hand remained wide open and the stress just flooded in. |  Я каждый вечер запирал дверь в свой кабинет, но дверь в моей голове оставалась открытой нараспашку, и стресс прибывал.
► rejuvenate - to recover your energy.
For example: We don't really experience much of it (stress work). At work we're to busy we experience it outside of work when we're commuting, when we're home, when we're trying to rejuvenate. | Когда мы на работе, мы не особо его переживаем (стресс от работы). Мы слишком заняты. Мы переживаем его вне работы: когда мы в дороге, когда мы дома, когда пытаемся восстановить силы.
►  true over - the word refers to how cows digest their food: cows chew, then they swallow,  then they  regurgitate it back up and chew it again.
► second guess - doubt, renegotiate old decisions.
For example: I began second guessing and wondering whether I wasn't doing something right. | Я стал сомневаться и  задаваться вопросом все ли я сделал правильно.
►  to be preoccupied with smth - it means to be absorbed in thoughts about something.
For example: People with AvPD are preoccupied with their own shortcomings and form relationships with others only if they believe they will not be rejected.| Люди с тревожным расстройством личности слишком озабочены своими недостатками и формируют отношения с другими только если уверены, что не будут отвергнуты.
► downtime - it means non-productive time/ free time.
For example: Any computer or user downtime results in lost productivity. | Каждый простой в работе компьютеров и пользователей приводит к потере продуктивности.
Well, since I have some downtime, I'm taking the chance to look up some career alternatives. | Раз у меня есть свободное время, я решил поискать другое место работы.
►  force somebody to do something - when you make someone do something.
For example:  I am not going to let somebody force me to go on the run. | Я не позволю никому заставить меня убегать.

Guy Winch dreamed of being a psychologist since he was a teenager.  He's reached the goal and opened his private practice soon. However, he's realized that he had tired of his work.  Why? Did he choose the wrong profession? Of course, not!  He'll share his experience on how to get rid of emotional burnout and return love to your avocation.

To my mind, Guy Winch gives very useful tips to avoid burnout. He says that the number of people working at home increased by 105%. Well, in the current situation ( when most of us have turned to distance learning / working remotely ) this topic is the most urgent. So, I find this video essential for now.

► Have you ever dealt with burnout?

► What do you do to recuperate after long hour working day?
► Rumination can also be attributed to the consequences of conflicts with people, not just colleagues. How can you explain this?

In my opinion, everyone should watch this TedTalk. Unexpected accidents always set at the designated place and spoil our days. Daniel Levitin explains how to begin to think rationally and prevent stress situations but not the damages from them.  We all understand that we can’t be at our best when we're stressed. In fact, our brains have evolved over millennia to release cortisol in stressful situations, inhibiting rational, logical thinking but potentially helping us to survive, say, being attacked by a bear. The speaker of this TedTalk, neuroscientist Daniel Levitin thinks there's a way to avoid making critical mistakes in stressful situations, when your thinking becomes clouded – the pre-mortem. "We all are going to fail now and then," he says. "The idea is to think ahead to what those failures might be".

1) don’t  bother asking – не тратить время на то, чтобы спросить у кого-то (ответ должен быть понятен);

2) freezing cold – мороз;
3) heart rate – частота сердцебиения;

4) adrenaline rush – выброс адреналина; 

5) spatial memory –пространственная память;

6) common sense – здравый смысл;

7) to release the cortisol – выбрасывать  кортизол;

8) to put system at place – внедрить систему;

9) to take the risk – пойти на риск;

10) to prevent the damage – предотвратить ущерб.

1. How do you understand, what is the «pre-mortem»?

2. What are the obvious and unobvious ways to prevent stress?

3. Why is it important to think about possible damages of your actions?

4. What kind of situations can push us to think out the problem of stress-control?

The name of the speech: We need to talk about male suicide

The annotation and my opinion: In my opinion, everyone should watch this Ted Talk, because Steph Slack tells about a very important thing. She tells about suicide. Unfortunately. according to statistics one men dies by suicide every two hours in the UK. How many people die by suicide in the world? I think that it is horrible. 76 % of all suicide are male. We should think that a suicide is wrong. We should try to help people fight with it. We should talk about it with our children, as about 🤬. We mustn't ignore this problem. 

New words and collocations: 

1) to face a crisis – столкнуться с кризисом

2)to die by suicide-умереть от самоубийства

3) silent killer-тихий убийца

4) claime the live-претендовать на жизнь

5) intentional-намеренный

6) struggle to speak-говорить изо всех сил

7) to perpetuated – увековечить

8) vulnerable – уязвимый

9) to be fully human-быть полноценным человеком

10)courage – мужество

11)judgment – суждение

Questions:

1)What are the mail factors of male suicide?

2) Why did the author talk about this problem?

3)What should we do to help?