Natural Ecosystem Change by Austin Xiao https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth en-us 2023-03-13 14:35:23 UTC 2023-04-03 14:39:00 UTC hello@padlet.com xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2514550161 Ecological succession is when an ecosystem develops and changes over time. This is a complex process. There are two types of succession: Primary and Secondary. Primary succession is where there is a new colonization of rock from receding glaciers, cooling lava, or more. Secondary succession is where the land was previously colonized and was disturbed. This could happen due to floods, or a forest fire. ]]> 2023-03-13 14:42:22 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2514550161 xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2514555103
  • could be pioneer species
  • faster growth rates
  • more reproduction
  • less of a competitive advantage
  • can reproduce more often
  • more offspring
  • lower mortality rate (too many competing for the same resources)

    • ]]>     2023-03-13 14:45:12 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2514555103     xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2514555598
  • most commonly the climax species
  • slower growth rates
  • less reproduction 
  • higher mortality rates
  • more of a competitive advantage
  • less offspring
  • reproduces much less often

    • ]]>     2023-03-13 14:45:32 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2514555598     xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2514562885 2023-03-13 14:49:51 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2514562885 Some R selected species xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2514591659
  • mice
  • most bacteria
  • fungi
  • frogs

    • ]]>     2023-03-13 15:07:06 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2514591659     Examples of K selected species xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2514593762
  • Elephants
  • bison 
  • humans
  • Whales 
  • Horses

    • ]]>     2023-03-13 15:08:24 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2514593762     xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2514603563 Succession promotes R selected species at first, because there is little competition which lets them grow quickly. Later on, K selected become more dominant as they live longer and have a bigger competitive advantage in their natural selection. ]]> 2023-03-13 15:14:41 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2514603563 xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516231972 2023-03-14 14:39:51 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516231972 xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516244558 Succession first promotes pioneer species that make abiotic conditions more liveable. (Lichen breaking down rock into its minerals, slowly creating soil) This paves the way for other species to arrive and outcompete them. (slowly flowing toward K). This promotes diversity. adding more diversity increases competition for the same resources and prey]]> 2023-03-14 14:46:30 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516244558 Primary Succession Steps xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516250666
  • Pioneer species start colonization (R selected, harsh conditions) (primary succession)
  • The conditions become better and more species can live (can still be r selected)
  • The conditions are enough for K-selected species to live (climax community) 
  • Climax species thrive until there is another disturbance (secondary succession)

    • ]]>     2023-03-14 14:50:05 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516250666     xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516253322 Primary 
    • Starts on rock (no previous conditions, abiotic)
    • Soil needs to develop first
    • Pioneer species are lichen and moss
    • No previous life
    ]]>     2023-03-14 14:51:27 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516253322     xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516255662 Secondary 
    • Possibly has soil or dirt
    • Plants like grass, trees, and plants already develop
    • Organisms have already lived there
    ]]>     2023-03-14 14:52:36 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516255662     Secondary Succession Steps xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516256257 is Similar to primary succession but it develops more quickly
    1. Fungi, moss, and willows (pioneer species) start to grow (R selective)
    2. Soon grasses start growing
    3. Shrubs replace grasses
    4. Fast-growing trees start appearing
    5. Slow-growing trees (k) start to form climax communities
    ]]>     2023-03-14 14:52:55 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516256257     xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516258917 Note that succession can take hundreds of years.]]> 2023-03-14 14:54:29 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516258917 xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516265947 2023-03-14 14:58:24 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516265947 What causes Primary Succession? xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516271322
  • Lava creating new landforms
  • New sand being deposited on a shore
  • Glaciers retreat leaving exposed rock

    • ]]>     2023-03-14 15:01:36 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516271322     What causes Secondary Succession? xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516274669
  • Flood
  • Wildfire
  • Harvests
  • Logging 

    • ]]>     2023-03-14 15:03:41 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516274669     xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516279696 Note: human impacts are called anthropogenic factors.]]> 2023-03-14 15:06:54 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516279696 IMPORTANT! xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516284251 Diversity is KEY to ecosystem resilience and stability]]> 2023-03-14 15:09:45 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516284251 xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516289514 Humans impacting the natural change of ecosystems = "Human-Induced Environmental Change." Humans are also degrading the social and environmental stability of ecosystems (climate change, forest fires, logging)
    We are changing PULSE disturbances (once in a while) like natural wildfires, selective logging (only a few trees) into CHRONIC disturbances (always happen, natural) ]]>     2023-03-14 15:13:00 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516289514     “Nature is not fragile … what is fragile are the ecosystems services on which humans depend" xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516296160 This means that nature is not fragile, but the ecosystem services (clean air and water, fertile soil, pollination, flood control) that we DEPEND on are fragile. ]]> 2023-03-14 15:16:47 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2516296160 xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2517890936 “Online Textbook.” Annenberg Learner, 22 Aug. 2019, https://www.learner.org/series/the-habitable-planet-a-systems-approach-to-environmental-science/ecosystems/online-textbook/. 

    ]]>     2023-03-15 14:43:28 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2517890936     xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2517891214 Elmqvist, Thomas, Folke, Carl, Nyström, Magnus, Peterson, Garry, Bengtsson, Jan, Walker, Brian, Norberg, Jon. "Frontiers in Ecology and The Environment” Response Diversity, Ecosystem Change, and Resilience. 01, November 2003 Volume 1 No. 9 Accessed 06, March 2023.

    ]]>     2023-03-15 14:43:40 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2517891214     xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2517891411 Witynski, Max. "Ecological Succession, Explained." University of Chicago News https://news.uchicago.edu/explainer/what-is-ecological-succession Accessed 07, March 2023 

    ]]>     2023-03-15 14:43:47 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2517891411     xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2517891738 “Ecological Succession.” StudySmarter US, https://www.studysmarter.us/explanations/environmental-science/living-environment/ecological-succession/. 

    ]]>     2023-03-15 14:44:00 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2517891738     How does science restore the diversity to areas where human activity that has interfered with the natural structure of a habitat/ecosystem? xiao3 https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2517901328 Science restores the diversity where human activity has interfered. When humans interfere with the natural ecosystem, they cause secondary succession. This succession then promotes diversity over many years. Science restores the diversity by naturally changing the ecosystem.]]> 2023-03-15 14:49:43 UTC https://padlet.com/xiao3/sqsnuq1ilyr7emth/wish/2517901328