Who are the speakers (authors) and what is their expertise or connection to this topic?

What did each source tell you about:

1. Problem: Why is this nutrient of particular concern at this life stage?

2. Risks/Outcomes: What are the risks or potential problems that can develop from inadequate or excessive intake?

3. Prevalence: How many people are affected?

4. Interventions: What are the evidence-based recommendations to address this issue?

What did you notice about the different formats of the sources you used (Articles, books, videos, etc.)? What seemed to be the particular benefits and/or limitations of each format?

Gahagan, Sheila, et al. “Randomized Controlled Trial of Iron-Fortified versus Low-Iron Infant Formula: Developmental Outcomes at 16 Years.” The Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 212, 2019, pp. 124-130.e1, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.05.030.

Kleinman, Ronald E. Pediatric Nutrition. Edited by Frank R. Greer, 8th edition., American Academy of Pediatrics, 2020.

Who are the speakers (author/s) and what is their expertise or connection to this topic?

Sheila Gahagan MD, MPH ^{1 2}, Erin Delker MPH ^{1 3}, Estela Blanco MPH, MA ^{1 4}, Raquel Burrows MD ⁵, Betsy Lozoff MD ²

Ronald E. Kleinman, M.D., is a pediatric gastroenterologist and nutrition specialist who served as Physician-in-Chief at Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School.

Frank R. Greer, M.D., is a professor emeritus of pediatrics at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health and an expert in neonatal nutrition and infant growth.

What did each source tell you about:

1. Problem: Why is this nutrient of particular concern at this life stage?

It relates to their cognitive abilities and helps carry oxygen throughout the blood.

2. Risks/Outcomes: What are the risks or potential problems that can develop from inadequate or excessive intake?

The study was inconclusive on the results of iron because the higher iron formula showed a decrease in cognitive abilities.

3. Prevalence: How many people are affected?

4. Interventions: What are the evidence-based recommendations to address this issue?

What did you notice about the different formats of the sources you used (Articles, books, videos, etc.)? What seemed to be the particular benefits and/or limitations of each format?

Books are written and reviewed by experts based on evidence, and can cover topics completely, considering background, explanations, and context. But they can be very extensive; finding the exact topic we need might take time, and it might not include recent studies; books can be old. Also, the way they are written can be very technical.

The article contains current and specific data, but they are often written in scientific language thats is difficult to understand. Some articles are difficult to access or they have the access restricted.

1. Marshall, K., Teo, L., Shanahan, C., Legette, L., & Mitmesser, S. H. (2020). Inadequate calcium and vitamin D intake and osteoporosis risk in older Americans living in poverty with food insecurities. PloS One, 15(7), e0235042. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235042

   
   

2. Zhang, Fan, and Wenjian Li. “Vitamin D and Sarcopenia in the Senior People: A Review of Mechanisms and Comprehensive Prevention and Treatment Strategies.” Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management, vol. 20, 2024, pp. 577–95, https://doi.org/10.2147/TCRM.S471191.

Who are the speakers (authors) and what is their expertise or connection to this topic?

1. Keri Marshall, Lynn Teo, Christopher Shanahan, LeeCole Legette, Susan Hazels Mitmesser; The

2. 
   Zhang, Fan

   Li, Wenjian

What did each source tell you about:

1. Problem: Why is this nutrient of particular concern at this life stage?

As adults get older, their bones start to deteriorate and maintaining bone strength is vital.

2. Risks/Outcomes: What are the risks or potential problems that can develop from inadequate or excessive intake?

Seniors are at risk of sarcopenia if they do not consume proper amounts of Vitamin D.

3. Prevalence: How many people are affected?

4. Interventions: What are the evidence-based recommendations to address this issue?

What did you notice about the different formats of the sources you used (Articles, books, videos, etc.)? What seemed to be the particular benefits and/or limitations of each format?

There seems to be an abundant amount of review articles and very few books for this particular subject.

Challem, Jack. “Vitamin D.” Natural Foods Merchandiser, vol. 38, no. 1, 2017, p. 37.

Who are the speakers (authors) and what is their expertise or connection to this topic?

Challem, Jack

What did each source tell you about:

1. Problem: Why is this nutrient of particular concern at this life stage?

2. Risks/Outcomes: What are the risks or potential problems that can develop from inadequate or excessive intake?

3. Prevalence: How many people are affected?

4. Interventions: What are the evidence-based recommendations to address this issue?

What did you notice about the different formats of the sources you used (Articles, books, videos, etc.)? What seemed to be the particular benefits and/or limitations of each format?