Melbourne had the highest net internal migration gains of all Greater Capital Cities in 2014-15 (6,600 people), ahead of Brisbane which had 4,000, Hobart having 330 and Perth having only 250 while sydney had the highest net loss of -15,900 people.

There is a continual growth of Australia's largest cities and a decline in population of inland Australia. A large percentage of Australian population lives on the coast towards the south s climate is cooler. Reasons for internal migration can be classified into economic, social, political or environmental:

economic migration - moving to find work or follow a particular career path

social migration - moving somewhere for a better quality of life or to be closer to family or friends

political migration - moving to escape political persecution or war. 

Environmental causes of migration include natural disasters such as flooding

Some people chose to migrate where others re forced to migrate due to war or famine.

Migration usually occurs from a result of push and pull factors.

 People with low incomes and the unemployed are likely to make moves within the same local area while long-distance migration is associated with high incomes. People with greater social and economic advantage selectively move to high-income regions and smaller coastal localities experienced heavy out-migration of young people around the school leaving ages.Coastal and near city areas are consistently recording significant net migration gains. 

concentration of immigrants in relation to its

total population, with 29.5 per cent of residents

being born overseas compared with 22.8 per

cent in the nation as a whole. 

 About one in every four migrants in Australia was from the United Kingdom.
international migrantion - china
 Although the UK and NZ born are still the dominant overseas born communities in Australia, the main change over the previous decade has been the growth of Asian born communities. This is a continuation of a trend that has been occurring since the 1980s. In 2010, China was the main non-English speaking birthplace in Australia, with its population approaching 380,000. Between 2000 and 2010, the Chinese born population grew by 10% on average per annum, and the actual number doubled between 2003 and 2010. 

 

Total foreign born: 4,416,000

Share of total population: 22%

Between 1793 and 1850 nearly 200,000 free settlers and assisted immigrants chose to migrate to Australia to start a new life. In the years after World War 2, Australia stepped up its immigration with the catchphrase 'Populate and perish'. Then 

in the late 1970s, just as the last migrants to travel by ocean liner arrived in Australia, a new wave of seaborne refugees docked in Darwin, firstly from East Timor and then from Indochina. Since the late 1990s increasing numbers of asylum seekers fleeing conflict in the Middle East and Sri Lanka have arrived in Australia by boat, now in the 2000's    Migrants born in China were the highest contributors to Australia's population with a positive NOM of 28,700 persons.

The three main series project continuing population growth throughout the projection period. In Series A, Australia experiences strong and consistent growth, reaching 48.3 million in 2061 and 70.1 million in 2101. In Series B, the population will reach 41.5 million in 2061 and 53.6 million in 2101. In Series C, growth is projected to be lower, with the population reaching 36.8 million in 2061 and 42.4 million in 2101.

 In 2050 cities would have things like vertical gardens to save space for the increasing population.