- Also known as the Sanskrit literature

- the first record emerged more than 4000 years ago in the countries of India and some regions of Pakistan

Major Themes: Wisdom, Religion, Worship, Social Norms

- The vast majority of the texts speak of gods and the benefits that men get when they are granted a favor from them. Likewise, they also relate the punishments they must assume for improper conduct. This reflects the importance of religious content.

- The elements that interact with man, both inanimate objects or not, have their own personality and qualities.

- The stories seek to leave some kind of value teaching for the reader.

- There is an intention to explain the origins of the world, so it is usual to find stories that talk about it.

- There is an accumulation of fantastic facts in which beings with supernatural and extraordinary qualities intervene.

- The protagonists of these stories have special and very unique features: they are gods or divine reincarnations, and they have great beauty, courage, and admirable moral behavior.

- There is an emphasis on the fact that the balance of the Universe depends on the respect that is given to all the living beings that live together. Any action taken against any of them will affect the next life.

Rising Action
The tension between the Pandavas and Kauravas started to build as they argued about honoring and choosing the next ruler of the kingdom.

Climax
Pandavas have ended their 12 years of exile in Virata kingdom. They returned to Hastinapur yet Duryodhana refused which led to begin the Kurekshetra war for 18 days.

Falling Action 
The Pandavas win the war against the Kauravas

Denouement
Years later, the only ones who survived were Yudhishthira and the dog, but later on, he then reached heaven along with his journey, he met his family including their cousins

Bhima - strongest and second brother among the 5 sons of Pandavas

Arjuna - the greatest warrior among the brothers; skilled archer

Nakula - fourth brother of Pandavas

Sahadeva - youngest brother of Pandavas

Draupadi - wife of the five Pandava brothers; a princess who is regarded as the most beautiful woman in the world. 

Karna - the oldest Pandava brother but raised by his adoptive parent; fights alongside Duryodhana

Duryodhana - eldest brother of Kaurava; leader of the 100 (evil) sons of Dhritrashtra and Gandhari

Dushashana - second son of 100 sons of Kaurava

Dhritarashtra - father of the Kaurava brothers; blind king of Hastinapur

Kunthi - mother of the 5 Pandava brothers; wife of Pandu

Rising Action 
Because of Kaikeyi's jealousy, she requested Rama to be exiled in the forest of Dandak and let her son be the regent king.\

Climax 
Bharata followed Rama to convince him to return and be the king but he refused. So he took his brother's sandals as a proof that he is ruling in Rama's name.

Falling Action 
A Raksha princess, Surpnakha, was rejected when she fell in love with Rama & Lakshmana. In revenge, Ravana sent a deer to tempt the the two brothers and stole Sita away.

Denouement
In the end of search, they successfully recovered Sita and returned to North India.

Rama - Dasaratha’s first born son, and the upholder of Dharma (correct conduct and duty). Rama, along with his wife Sita, have served as role models for thousands of generations in India and elsewhere.

Sita - Rama’s wife, the adopted daughter of King Janak. Sita was found in the furrows of a sacred field, and was regarded by the people of Janak’s kingdom as blessed child.

Bharata - Rama’s brother by Queen Kaikeyi. When Bharata learned of his mother’s scheme to banish Rama and place him on the throne, he put Rama’s sandals on the throne and ruled Ayodhya in his name.

Ravana - The 10-headed king of Lanka who abducted Sita, and known to be opponent of Rama.

Lakshmana - Rama’s younger brother from Dasaratha’s third wife, Sumitra. When Rama and Sita were exiled to the forest, Lakshmana followed in order to serve.

Surpnakha - The sister of Ravana, saw Rama and became impressed by his beauty. She transformed herself into a beautiful lady and went to Rama and asked him to marry her.

Hanuman - Who led an army of monkey and bears, and promised Sita that help would come soon. Who escaped through the use of his burning tail to set fire to all of Lanka.

2. Unity Can Overcome any Difficulty in Life - You should always stand by your family because when family is together you can win over any difficulty.

3. Relationships are valuable than money - Every relationship should be above than greed, anger or treachery.

4. Treat everyone equally - We should always treat everyone with equality and should not discriminate on the basis of status, sex, age, or cast.

5. We Should Always Keep Good Company - It is said that your company shapes you into a person you are.

6. Forgiveness is Greater Than Revenge - We should always keep a forgiving nature because - vengeance and revenge do not bring any good.

“Only the timid and the weak leave things to destiny, but the strong and the self-confident never bank on destiny or luck.” - Ramayana