https://padlet.com/xkatie_burmanx/sgljqu8xae00 By katie en-us 2019-04-28 15:26:23 UTC 2019-04-30 09:25:22 UTC hello@padlet.com xkatie_burmanx https://padlet.com/xkatie_burmanx/sgljqu8xae00/wish/354780257 His article was to reveal basic problems with Yerkes attempt to measure intelligence. His article was put in a book called "the Mismeasure of men".]]> 2019-04-28 15:29:17 UTC https://padlet.com/xkatie_burmanx/sgljqu8xae00/wish/354780257 xkatie_burmanx https://padlet.com/xkatie_burmanx/sgljqu8xae00/wish/354783025 Yerkes sample was an opportunity sample of 1.75 million army recruits situated in training camps. This consisted of adult men of different ages and backgrounds across the USA. ]]> 2019-04-28 15:55:27 UTC https://padlet.com/xkatie_burmanx/sgljqu8xae00/wish/354783025 xkatie_burmanx https://padlet.com/xkatie_burmanx/sgljqu8xae00/wish/354783330 Yerkes got permission by the government officials to administer the mental tests to US army recruits during WW1. in 1917 they devised 3 types of tests:
-Army alpha, was written for literate recruits which was made of 8 sections.
-Army beta, was a pictorial test for men who were illiterate made of 7 parts. 
-Individual examination, this was for participants who failed beta. 
-Each took less than an hour and were individually undertaken in supervised groups often in very rushed and intimidating conditions. Gould was highly critical of materials used by Yerkes as he said he was measuring the intelligence you're born with but his questions were culturally bias. practises for administering the tests were discriminating with blacks being less likely to be called for the beta test. this was because they had different criteria for illiteracy. ]]> 2019-04-28 15:57:33 UTC https://padlet.com/xkatie_burmanx/sgljqu8xae00/wish/354783330 xkatie_burmanx https://padlet.com/xkatie_burmanx/sgljqu8xae00/wish/354785065 -White Americans scored an average of 13.04 years where as Black Americans scored an average of 10.41 years.
-Yerkes also graded European immigrants according to their country of origin. His findings showed that the average man could be classed as a moron. notably differences were matched with fairness of skin with darker immigrants scoring lower than lighter immigrants. ]]> 2019-04-28 16:13:14 UTC https://padlet.com/xkatie_burmanx/sgljqu8xae00/wish/354785065 xkatie_burmanx https://padlet.com/xkatie_burmanx/sgljqu8xae00/wish/354785620 Yerkes concluded:
1. intelligence is an innate quality with hereditary basis. is is possible to grade individuals by the colour of their skin. 
2. the average man of most nations could be considered as a 'moron'
3.mental testing of this kind is a valid, scientific technique with wider implications for society. 
Gould said from Yerkes conclusions that he wasn't testing innate intelligence but learnt intelligence as there are cultural questions such as "Washington's is to Adams as first is to..." . He also said that he was systematic and prejudice of materials used.]]> 2019-04-28 16:18:45 UTC https://padlet.com/xkatie_burmanx/sgljqu8xae00/wish/354785620 xkatie_burmanx https://padlet.com/xkatie_burmanx/sgljqu8xae00/wish/354786502 Positives:
-Quantitative data (scientific and objective) this means that the intelligence is recorded by one number per person this allows straightforward comparison.
-sample, his was a large sample so his findings are highly representative. they were also from a variety of backgrounds and ages. 
-Reliability, the tests were standardised in their presentation and used detailed mark schemes. 
Negatives:
-Quantitative data, it was used as a political tool to further racist ideas and control immigration during WW2. 
-Ethics, no consent or right to withdraw and Gould reports the conditions appears stressful and would have breached the ethical guidelines of preventing psychological harm as it is socially sensitive. 
-validity (ethnocentric) Yerkes didn't take into account cultural history biases in the tests which which advantaged middle class whites and drastically reduced any claim to validity. ]]> 2019-04-28 16:26:22 UTC https://padlet.com/xkatie_burmanx/sgljqu8xae00/wish/354786502 xkatie_burmanx https://padlet.com/xkatie_burmanx/sgljqu8xae00/wish/355346985 -Army alpha
-Army beta
-individual examinations
-intelligence 
-Army recruits]]> 2019-04-30 09:14:17 UTC https://padlet.com/xkatie_burmanx/sgljqu8xae00/wish/355346985 xkatie_burmanx https://padlet.com/xkatie_burmanx/sgljqu8xae00/wish/355347451   1.Gould conducted a review of IQ testing:
a) Explain what a review is(2)
b)outline one strength of a review(2)
2.From Gould's study into bias IQ testing: outline two problems with the way IQ tests used by Yerkes were administered(4)
3. Describe one piece of quantitative data and one piece of qualitative data from Gould's review(4)]]> 2019-04-30 09:16:22 UTC https://padlet.com/xkatie_burmanx/sgljqu8xae00/wish/355347451