Mental Health Counseling: Mental Health Counselor by

References for Topic 1

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 17:56:19 UTC

References

Jacob, J., da Silva, L. C., Sefi, A., & Edbrooke, C. J. (2021). Online counselling and goal achievement: Exploring meaningful change and the types of goals progressed by young people. Counselling & Psychotherapy Research, 21(3), 502–513. https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12363

Holmes, C., & Foster, V. (2012). A preliminary comparison study of online and face-to-face counseling: Client perceptions of three factors. Journal of Technology in Human Services, 30(1), 14–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228835.2012.662848

Dowling, M., & Rickwood, D. (2013). Online counseling and therapy for mental health problems: A systematic review of individual synchronous interventions using chat. Journal of Technology in Human Services, 31(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228835.2012.728508

Topic 1: Online Counseling and its benefits

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 18:03:50 UTC

Online Counseling and Goal Achievement

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 18:21:13 UTC

This study is centered around data from ages 11-25 years old and the use of online resources for mental health support. They used the Goal-Based Outcome tool online to measure progress on goals. They set 3 goals and track them throughout the treatment. They also used the Reliable Change Index. Which they based on parent-reported data. The results showed that those who spent more time talking to a counselor felt a more meaningful change in their life and mental health status. The point of this study was to see if an online counseling service would have an impact on mental health amount of meaningful change.

Comparison study of Online and Face-to-Face Counseling Client Perceptions

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 18:47:12 UTC

This study focuses on the differences and similarities between these two counseling methods. It centers around 3 factors, mental health, social presence, and working alliance. The data set was 37 face-to-face and 13 online counseling participants. They gathered data through a demographic questionnaire, a working alliance inventory which consisted of a short form, Networked Minds Social Presence Measure, and a general health questionnaire. This study showed results that online counseling works well for goal setting, since communication like email and texts puts goals into written form and is easier to refer back to. They also found a higher score of working alliance in online counseling, supporting the hypothesis that you can form this alliance despite not being in the same physical space. Overall, this case supports that online counseling can be just as beneficial as in person counseling.

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 19:08:19 UTC

This study is focused on providing more evidence that online counseling is beneficial and as reliable as face-to-face counseling. They define online counseling as using technology as way of communication between a counselor and patient. Whether this be through online meeting, like zoom or through chat, or email. They used meta-analysis to compare other studies to their research question. Their main method was comparing peer-reviewed references from 1995-2012 that related to online therapy. There were 1, 872 results and 29 extra studies found through searching the references of the main studies. They found that in 6 of the articles that related to chat interventions, that there was a significant positive effect from online counseling. There was quite a bit of limitations with the studies they referred to, as most of the studies only worked with small populations.

Topic 2: COVID-19 and its effects on Mental Health

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 19:29:42 UTC

Acute and long-term effects of COVID-19

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 19:36:30 UTC

This study focuses on the long-term effects on mental health and the brain. The main method used was literature review. They reviewed articles from January, 1st 2020 - July, 15th 2023 with keywords such as mental health, anxiety, and depression. They found that someone with the COVID-19 infection had a greater chance of developing a psychiatric disorder. The presence of a psychiatric disorder did not increase your chances of getting COVID-19 but if it was present before getting sick, it had potential to make the disorder worse afterwards. They found that acute COVID-19 has had an increase of anxiety, trauma, and mood disorders. They believe this was because of inflammatory reactions with the breakdown of blood and also social change that came with the pandemic.

References for Topic 2

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 19:37:59 UTC

Bremner, J. D., Russo, S. J., Gallagher, R., & Simon, N. M. (2025). Acute and long-term effects of COVID-19 on brain and mental health: A narrative review. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 123, 928–945. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2024.11.007

Novotný, J. S., Gonzalez-Rivas, J. P., Kunzová, Š., Skladaná, M., Pospíšilová, A., Polcrová, A., … Stokin, G. B. (2024). The long-term effects of consecutive COVID-19 waves on mental health. BJPsych Open, 10(1), e15. doi:10.1192/bjo.2023.620

Wilding, S., O’Connor, D. B., Ferguson, E., Wetherall, K., Cleare, S., O’Carroll, R. E., Robb, K. A., & O’Connor, R. C. (2022). Information seeking, mental health and loneliness: Longitudinal analyses of adults in the UK COVID-19 Mental Health and Wellbeing Study. Psychiatry Research, 317, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114876

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 19:38:38 UTC

Effects of consecutive COVID-19 waves on mental health

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 19:52:48 UTC

The main point of this study was to examine longitudinal changes with COVID-19 and mental health. They did this through a probability sample. This consisted of an online survey that was completed by participants from the COVID-19 add-on study. They had them do this study at four different time points, pre-covid, first wave, second wave, and third wave. (The specific months are listed in the paper) They found that during the waves, stress and depressive levels were higher than pre-covid. There were many stressors on-top of just covid. They called them secondary stressors, which included loneliness, a lack of resilience, and a negative emotions regarding COVID.

Longitudinal analyses of adults in the UK COVID-19

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 20:11:53 UTC

This study focuses on women in the UK and how they reported having an increase of symptoms of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. The main method used in this longitudinal study was the utilization of a survey. An email was sent out through March - November 2020 to women 18 and over, to fill out a survey on health and well-being. 3,077 people were included in the final sample. The first wave was during the first 6 weeks of the lockdown. The next 3 waves occurred over the next 2-3 months. The main question was how often do they seek out information about COVID-19. They found that in the beginning of COVID when things were new, they were many searches, as it went on the searches got less and less. They found that there was more searches when the participants felt that they were feeling more anxious and there well-being was lower. This supports the hypothesis that COVID caused an increase in mental health issues.

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 20:25:49 UTC

Topic 3: Burnout in Counseling

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 21:01:42 UTC

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 21:02:13 UTC

Correlation analysis of self-compassion, life balance, and burnout in counselors

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 21:05:34 UTC

This study is a quantitative study that focuses on the relationship between counselor burnout, life-balance and self-compassion. The methods used were Life Balance Inventory, Counselor Burnout Inventory, and Self-Compassion Scale. They found a few different correlations in their results. These included counselors who experience burnout have poor work–life balance, counselors enjoy their job as counselors but do not pay attention to their personal life, counselors enjoy their work but do not pay attention to the quality of their relationships, counselors perceive themselves as being competent but do not like their work environment, and professional counselors who engage in self-compassion practices do not experience burnout.

References for Topic 3

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 21:17:43 UTC

Silva, S. V., Dean, C. J., & Balkin, R. S. (2024). A canonical correlation analysis of self‐compassion, life balance, and burnout in counselors. Journal of Counseling & Development. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12527

Davies, S. M., Sriskandarajah, S., Staneva, A. S., Boulton, H. C. M., Roberts, C., Shaw, S. H., & Silverio, S. A. (2022). Factors influencing ‘burn‐out’ in newly qualified counsellors and psychotherapists: A cross‐cultural, critical review of the literature. Counselling & Psychotherapy Research, 22(1), 64–73. https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12485

Factors influencing ‘burn‐out’ in newly qualified counsellors

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 21:29:55 UTC

This study uses cross-cultural literature to explore the experiences of burn-out of new counselors. They discuss the increase of mental health disorders globally and the lack of resources on the counseling side of things. This causes more stress to be put on the current counselors and the ones who are new to the career. They are often giving a heavy caseload. They mention that another cause of burn out can be working with trauma victims, it can often be too much for the counselor to handle if they are not taking care of their own mental health. They also noted that new counselors often feel like their life perspective is changing, which can add another level of stress as well.

manderson41_1 — 2025-04-27 21:42:40 UTC

This study focuses novice professional counselors and their experience with working in professional counseling and their self-reported symptoms of burn out. They used surveys and content analysis to complete their research. They did this so they could get an insight of both qualitative and quantitative factors. They analyzed open-ended questions, using the steps of content analysis. They had 1,205 self-reported symptoms of burnout. They noted fatigue, no longer feeling joy at work, physical symptoms, an unhealthy work environment, negative personal relationships, bad coping strategies, and more.