A477 LO6 Eczema mindmap by CHEN YEE WEN https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc en-us 2021-11-30 03:15:46 UTC 2024-10-02 05:02:32 UTC hello@padlet.com Eczema 200091921 https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919476509 2021-11-30 03:19:09 UTC https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919476509 Atopic Eczema 200091921 https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919483129 Is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease that commonly affects children and people with allergies, asthma along with itchy and red skin. which would cause the skin to become dry , cracked and itchy ]]> 2021-11-30 03:23:54 UTC https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919483129 Contact Dermatitis 200091921 https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919483450 - Usually sharply demarcated inflammation and irritation of the skin caused by contact with substances to which the skin is sensitive (e.g. perfumes, soaps, plants, chemicals) 
Signs and symptoms:
 Mild irritants and allergens: erythema and small vesicles that ooze, scale and itch 
Strong irritants: blisters and ulcerations 
Classic allergic response: clearly defined lesions with straight lines following points of contact 
Severe allergic reaction: marked oedema of affected areas 
Risk factors:
• Prolonged exposure to known allergens and irritants 
• Not wearing protective clothing when handling substances containing these known allergens or irritants 
• Not washing immediately after exposure to allergens and irritants ]]> 2021-11-30 03:24:08 UTC https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919483450 Seborrheic Dermatitis 200091921 https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919483877
 skin disease that mainly affects areas where sebaceous glands are most active (e.g. scalp and face)

Risk factors
-Stress
- neurological conditions (eg. epilepsy)

 ]]> 2021-11-30 03:24:26 UTC https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919483877 Irritant contact dermatitis 200231361 https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919486366
• E.g. “Dishpan hands” 
• Raw, red and dry skin due to prolonged contact with irritating / drying substances ]]> 2021-11-30 03:26:10 UTC https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919486366 Allergic contact dermatitis 200231361 https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919487040 • Usually eczematous, popular red or vesicular lesions seen 
• Commonly appears as blisters 
• Appears clearly at points of contact ]]> 2021-11-30 03:26:39 UTC https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919487040 Aggravating factors 200231361 https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919495093 Allergens:                                  Irritants:
• preservatives                         • wool 
• fragrances                              • soaps
• deodorants                             • detergents 
• animal hair                              • synthetic clothing 
• photosensitising drugs          • raised temperature 
• house dust mites                    • sweating 

]]> 2021-11-30 03:31:44 UTC https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919495093 Signs and symptoms https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919497279  itching, redness and inflammation of affected areas 
 Yellow, greasy scales over an eczematous-like lesion 
 Typically appears along scalp line, nasolabial fold, eyebrows, eyelashes, ears and over the sternum 
 Leads to formation of dandruff ]]> 2021-11-30 03:33:13 UTC https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919497279 Pharmacological treatment 20024854_2 https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919499231 Anti-inflammatory agents –Topical corticosteroids
Hydrocortisone
Betamethasone
Mometasonefuroate
Clobetasolpropionate

Emollient preparations
Emulsifying ointment
White soft paraffin
Aqueous cream
Urea

Other preparations
Coal tar]]> 2021-11-30 03:34:32 UTC https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919499231 20024854_2 https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919500980 2021-11-30 03:35:46 UTC https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919500980 Non-pharmacological advices 200231361 https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919502717 • Eczema cannot be cured; management involves relief of symptoms. 
• Avoid environmental irritants: wool, synthetic clothing, detergents, carpets, sands, grass, raised temperature, sweating. 
• Avoid environmental allergens: preservatives, fragrances, deodorants, animal hair. 
• Maintain adequate skin hydration with regular use of moisturizers. 
• Soap and bubble bath should be avoided. Take lukewarm baths or showers. Use unscented, mild soap or soap-free cleansers to cleanse the skin. 
• Not to scratch when it is itchy; keep finger nails short. ]]> 2021-11-30 03:36:59 UTC https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919502717 Type of vehicles of skin preparations 20024854_2 https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919514444 The vehicle of a skin preparation affects the degree of hydration of the skin and aids in the penetration of the active drug. Dosage form affects the potency of the drugs

Applications - Usually viscous solutions / emulsions / suspension for application to the skin / scalp / nails.

Creams - Emulsions of oil and water and generally well-absorbed into the skin. May contain preservatives. Generally more cosmetically acceptable than ointments (less greasy and easier to apply.

Gels - Generallyhave high water content. Particularly suitable for application to the face and scalp.

Lotions - Have a cooling effect and may be preferred to ointments or creams for application over a hairy area.

Ointments - Greasy preparations which are usually anhydrous and insoluble in water. More occlusive than creams. Particularly suitable for chronic, dry lesions.

]]> 2021-11-30 03:43:53 UTC https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919514444 Signs and Symptoms 200091921 https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919536667
  • Dry, flaky skin 
  • redness and red spot 
  • thicken plaques 
  • Eczematous lesions 
    • - located on cheeks face in infants and toddlers 
    - located in the inside of elbow or back of the knees in children and adults 
    • intense itch ( pruritus) 
    • Lichenification 
    • Elevated levels of eosinophils ( type of disease-fighting white blood cells)
    ]]>     2021-11-30 04:01:55 UTC https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919536667     Risk Factors 200091921 https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919558212 - Family / personal history of 
    • asthma 
    • allergic rhinitis 
    • atopic eczema 
    - Infants and children 
    - Warmer climates 
    - High humidity 
    ]]>     2021-11-30 04:20:01 UTC https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919558212     200091921 https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919562187 2021-11-30 04:23:36 UTC https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919562187 Treatment of seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919600566
    -     Nizoral® Anti-Dandruff Shampoo - Ketoconazole 1%(20mg/g)
    – Apply twice weekly for 2 to 4 weeks, leave preparation on for 3 to 5 minutes before rinsing

    Prevention
    -     Apply every 1 to 2 weeks

    Cautions:
    Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes
    Side effects:
     • Erythema, hypersensitivity reactions, itching, mild burning sensation, occasional local irritation
     • Treatment should be discontinued if side effects are severe
    Counselling points:
    • Regular application is important for effective eradication of infection. Emphasize on patient compliance.
     • Continue applying for 1 to 2 week after the disappearance of all signs of infection (topical cream) ]]>     2021-11-30 04:58:20 UTC https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919600566     Treatment for atopic eczema 200091921 https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919653799 Coal Tar 
    Dose: Apply to the skin every 2 to 3 days 

    Contraindications: Avoid broken or inflamed skin; avoid eye, genital, mucosal and rectal areas

    Cautions: Application to face and skin flexures 

    Side effects: Acne-like eruptions, photosensitivity, skin irritation 

    Counselling points: May stain skin, hair and fabric ]]>     2021-11-30 05:52:31 UTC https://padlet.com/200091921/s89gp6s89rxmgbrc/wish/1919653799