https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z After you have read your article and completed your analysis, please add your thoughts here for discussion. Include the following: 1 sentence summary, 1-2 important facts, what you found most interesting/intriguing, and 1 question you have in regards to the article topic. Please reply to 1-2 of your classmates posts as well. en-us 2021-10-22 13:05:50 UTC 2022-10-05 14:08:45 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/1836667328 https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/05/160519144556.htm 

Immune cells from healthy donors can create an immune response with healthy immune cells in a recipient with cancer.

1- could lead to more survivors of cancer
2-faster recovery

By doing this the cancer patients own immune cells can recognize the cancer cells.

How are the cancer patients given the healthy immune cells?


]]> 2021-10-22 15:56:49 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/1836667328 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/1836675636 Many people do not fully understand what cancer is besides it is a very dangerous thing that can kill someone, the article goes over what cancer is, types, treatment, background info, etc.

1 - genetics can be a factor in cancer.
2 - 40,000 people are diagnosed with cancer each year.

With knowing this, people can understand how serious cancer is besides it being deadly.

When was cancer first discovered?]]> 2021-10-22 16:00:35 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/1836675636 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/1836712299 Until 2014 and the Newborn Screening Saves Lives Reauthorization Act was passed there was no federal mandate that required hospitals and research entities get parental consent to use the child's sample in research. 
1) Many newborn screening lawsuits filed against many states.
2) Genetic counseling began as a profession in the 1970s to interpret and explain genetic information and disorders in order to educate individuals, especially parents and families. 

Question: WHERE IS MY DNA BRUH?

Website: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/11/16112111114 ]]> 2021-10-22 16:15:08 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/1836712299 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/1836714344 1. Could lead to exposing vulnerabilities of cancer
2. Possibly enable rapid human cell regeneration
 
A common process that cancer cells use to survive fatal injuries is macropinocytosis; it's possible to use this against cancer cells.

Could humans in the future potentially use macropinocytosis and live indefinitely?]]> 2021-10-22 16:15:59 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/1836714344 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/1836719951 https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/vaping-harm-immune-cells-human-body

A single vape session can harm your immune cells in the body for life.
1. people who don't smoke have low oxidative stress.
2.  people who do smoke have high oxidative stress.

if you smoke like once. you can have lifetime issues. 
What are some changes that are gonna happen to vapes with this new information?]]> 2021-10-22 16:17:04 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/1836719951 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/1836733192 https://news.mit.edu/2021/counting-cells-cancer-0928
 
As tumors grow within an organ, they also release cells that enter the bloodstream. These cells can travel to other organs, seeding new tumors called metastases. With scientists able to count the cells, they're able to understand how fast the cancer cells can spread so they can establish how fast they need to be treated. 

1. One milliner of blood may contain between one and ten such cells.
2. CTC are more difficult to find in mice because mice only have a little over one ml of blood.
3. They have only tested tumors related to pancreatic, small cell lung, and non-small cell lung cancer. 
4. These techniques can also study dynamic circulation of other cells such as immune cells and natural killer cells.
5. Different drug treatments influence the circulation of CTC levels in the body. 
 
- How long did it take to revolutionize the idea of counting the cells?
- Why did scientists choose to analyze lung and pancreatic cancer first with this technology?





]]> 2021-10-22 16:23:00 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/1836733192 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/1836734346 Summary 
- Instead of studying plaques outside cells, studies are showing we need to study inside the cells themselves in order to treat Alzheimer's. 

Facts
- Amyloid-beta accumulates inside nerve cells because misfolded amyloid-beta inside cells cause increase production.  
- Alzheimer's treatments remove plaque but not dementia. 

Most interesting
- They have been studying outside cells but have not tried to find if it starts within. 

Question
- Have any new studies/ tests on this been done since this article? ]]> 2021-10-22 16:23:27 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/1836734346 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/1836754928 Living task-specific robots is being made of living cells scraped from frog embryos. They are called, "living, programmable organisms". 

1. They are potentially self-healing, biodegradable, purpose-build automations.
2. Xenobots, named of the living robots, can survive for 10 days. 

This is quite interesting. It is like the creation of cyborg. However, instead of adding mechanical parts to a body, they are parts of a body to mechanical parts. 

How does living cells help create living robots made out of non-living materials?]]> 2021-10-22 16:32:47 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/1836754928 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073862965 https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/brain-cells-take-break

Summary- The cells in your brain are busy when you're sleeping but the neurons take breaks periodically in order for you to stay asleep.

1- Brain activity can be shown on a graph that can show scientists what's going on based on its height, width, & closeness.

Interesting- Overactive neurons can cause epilepsy.

Question- What if some neurons are unable to take breaks?]]> 2022-03-02 15:57:46 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073862965 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073865490 Summary: Teen depression at a young age can cause the brain to be less responsive in later life. 

Facts: 
1. By age 18, 1 in 4 experience 1 bout of depression. 
2. Areas invloved in processing emotions mature early, known as the limbic system. 
3. If the ventral stadium isn't functioning correctly, it can contribute to depression. 

Interesting: Areas involved in processing emotions mature early, so if depression is something occuring at a young age then most likely it will guide you through your later life decisions. 

Question: What's the earliest depression can begin in life? ]]> 2022-03-02 15:58:58 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073865490 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073866840 Summary:
This article is focusing on stopping the extinction of the black footed ferrets. Scientists have gathered data and cells to continue the reproduction. 
- Something that I found interesting would be that the ferret, Elizabeth Ann is a genetic copy of an animal that died decades ago. She's a clone. They also stated in the article that she could be the key to their success in saving the species.
- One of my questions for this article was about the current progress regarding the ferrets. How is it going as of today? Is it improving? 
- I find all of this interesting but confusing at the same time because it deals with cloning... I don't fully understand how all of this works. ]]> 2022-03-02 15:59:34 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073866840 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073867501 Summary:
Scientists have discovered that changing a mosquitoes genes to not bite or lay eggs can cause their extinction and the end of malaria.

1. After the gene was introduced in a lab, the mosquitoes died out after 8 to 12 generations
2. The technique used on mosquitoes, "gene driving", can also be used on other insects and they could become extinct as well 

Would mosquitoes going extinct mess up the ecosystem?]]> 2022-03-02 15:59:55 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073867501 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073869159 Summary: Putting a healthy person's cells into a cancer patient's body allows the patient's body to recognize the cancer cells causing it to fight back. 
Important facts: 1) All T cells in our body scan the surface of other cells.
2) Sometimes immune systems cannot recognize cancer cells. 
Something I found interesting: I found it very interesting how another person's cells can help fight cancer for your body. 
Question: Is this actually beating cancer?]]> 2022-03-02 16:00:39 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073869159 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073869890 Summary - Cancer cells use a technique called macropinocytosis to survive.
Interesting -> What I found interesting is that cancer cells don't let the other cancer cells die because I originally thought that when cancer cells die many others reproduce to replace them but no, they get fixed.
Facts - 
>One of the most dangerous properties of cancer is when the disease spreads in the body.
> Cancer cells tie off damaged parts
> Mainly the aggressive cancer cells use macropinocytosis
Question - Is there an antibitoc that can stop the survival of the cells or possibly slow them down?
Important because.. > Cancer is something very bad and scientist should find a way to stop this process from happening. ]]> 2022-03-02 16:01:02 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073869890 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073870285 Summary: The Trichoplax is the simplest animal on Earth. Scientists are studying it because it may hint at what the first animals originally looked like. 

Facts:
1. Despite its simplicity, Trichoplax contains nearly 50,000 cells, each with its own job.
2. These jobs are referred to as the "Division of Labor" and is what classifies an animal as an animal.

Interesting: The animal is able to live, even without a mouth, heart, blood, muscles, stomach, or veins.

Question: How are nutrients absorbed in order to provide energy, specifically in relation to Trichoplax?]]> 2022-03-02 16:01:14 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073870285 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073871134 Summary:
Taking the mutated DNA of cancer cells and mixing them with healthy donor cells could cure cancer. With the use of "immunotherapy."
Facts: 
- There are more foreign aspects on cancer cells than they can fix
-T- cells scan the surface of other cells and kill aberrant cells.
Most interesting:
Using one's healthy cell can take power a cancer cell and leave the patient cancer-free. 
Question: How long before the research is finalized and taught to doctors?


]]> 2022-03-02 16:01:37 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073871134 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073877580

Can Being In Space Affect your Red Blood Cell Count?

Summary:
A recent world study found that space travel can cause lower blood cells. This is called Anemia.

- Astronauts lose 10% of the liquids in their blood cells

- Our bodies create and destroy 2 million red blood cells every second 

- Being in space causes the human body to destroy about 50% more red blood cells, leading to a potentially dangerous condition known as anemia. The effects persist even after astronauts return to Earth.

- I wonder...?
If they found solutions to this study? And if so, what?]]> 2022-03-02 16:04:41 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073877580 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073881569 On infecting a host, a virus enters cells in order to replicate. For most cells in mammals the first line of protection are proteins, called interferons. As viruses infect stem cells release a protein, named antiviral Dicer (aviD) it cuts up the viral RNA in the virus so it can't replicate.]]> 2022-03-02 16:06:45 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073881569 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073883205 If the ventral striatum is not functioning correctly, it can contribute to depression. Depression can be caused by stressors that can start from early childhood. 

Facts: 
1. The brain of rodents and primates can show similar connections to humans
2. Stress can change your behavior which can be a contributor to depression.
3. Early childhood stress like neglect or abuse may set the child up for depression.

- Mice have similar brains to ours so they are used in labs to look inside their brains when they experience stress.

Question: How old does the child have to be when to be set up for depression?

 ]]> 2022-03-02 16:07:37 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073883205 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073883301 Main Idea
-The main point is the continual search for the cure for cancer and the many different aspects and effects of cancer.
Facts
-Any damage to the cell membrane must be repared quickly
agressive cancer uses macropinocytosis
Tumors make diseases more difficult to treat
dangerous properties when cancer spread to the body
cancer cells require alot of energy.

Summary-Showes the different reasearch going on with cancer and what types of treatments can help or harm someone further.

Questions What are lysosomes 

what are common traits for people who have cancer.

]]> 2022-03-02 16:07:40 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073883301 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073883339 Summary
- When cells in breast tissue and milk were researched it was discovered that cells in the milk, once thought to be dead or dying, are in fact very much alive. It caused people to be excited about it's possibilities because it could open the door to  more studies on women's health in the future.

Facts
-Typically daily production for lactating women is between 750-880 ml
-They used single-cell RNA sequencing analysis for studying the cells

Most interesting
-This new discovery could be insight into a potential early indicator of future breast cancer development.

Question
-Could this discovery help with other illnesses?]]> 2022-03-02 16:07:41 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073883339 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073891604 The biological system of certain plants can now be altered through the use of artificial nerve cells. Scientists built cells that are ion based, which is similar to human cells. For example, using these cells, humans can make a venus fly trap close its "mouth" even when there isn't any food within the mouth.
These are some facts that were gathered from the scientists' research:
1. Connecting the neuron and the synapse results in a learning behavior
2. The process is harmless
3. Storing information in the synapse is more effective
4. The semiconductors operate at a low voltage
5. The semiconductors are made of organic material and are biodegradable

This is important to scientists and those in the medical field because if they figured out how to operate this on humans they could relieve neurological diseases.

Question: If this were to successfully work on humans, would ethics become an issue?]]> 2022-03-02 16:11:22 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073891604 sharr9040 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073896987 Summary:  inserting certain components of T cells into the immune cells of a cancer patient.

Facts: 
faster rehabilitation
T cells scan the surface]]> 2022-03-02 16:13:50 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073896987 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073908582 Vaping is something that partakes within younger audiences and can lead to health problems. Within this article the consequences are shown to let the people make their own decisions. 

Facts
-3.6 million U.S students vaped or had interacted with vaping
-40% of high-schoolers used e-cigarettes
-Vapes create oxidative stress that can be helpful but also harmful if there is to much
-Vaping can have cause many health issues including of : heart and lung disease, cancer premature aging, and diseases such as dementia.

Question
-How has something so dangerous be so involved with younger audiences.]]> 2022-03-02 16:19:31 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2073908582 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074228697 Sometime's when your own body is unable to fight off cancer on it's own, someone else's immune cells (t cells) may be able to help you do so. T cells kill aberrant (cancerous) cells. Some immune systems may not be able to recognize aberrant cells or sometime's your t cells take "breaks" so you may not be able to fight them off alone. I wonder if this experiment was at all connected to the knowledge of Henrietta Lacks? ]]> 2022-03-02 18:58:20 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074228697 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074231066 Summary: Red blood cells are typically a very fast occurring thing to develop in your body but in space they red blood cells are destroys by 54% compared to on earth. This was thought to be due to fluid change but it is not after conducting research it is due to many different changes u experience in space. 

Facts:
1)Space Anemia-caused by Lower red blood cell count 
2)54% of red blood cells are destroyed in space rather than on earth
3)pace related anemia can be reversed over time 
4) space effects the body and fluids in the body over time 
5)10% liquid is loss in space 

Question: Why does it internally affect the body? ]]> 2022-03-02 18:59:42 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074231066 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074237378 Cancer cells can survive longer or repair themselves by eating membranes of healthy cells that surround them.
Key facts: 
1. Cancer cells take the nutrients out of the membrane which makes them grow stronger.
2. The nutrients from said membranes recharge and refuel the cell so it lasts longer.
3. Damage to the cell membrane can be life-threatening.
4. By doing this the cancer cells are weakening the healthy cells which is highly fatal.
5. This is what causes cancer patients to die not just the unhealthy cells.
Question: Could this help clean cells stay alive too or is it only cancer cells.]]> 2022-03-02 19:03:22 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074237378 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074238375 Summary: Since mammary glands and breast tissues change so often, research that is non-invasive to participants has been difficult to perform. Now, with consensual studies on the varying structures between lactating and non-lactating tissues, we are able to better understand some of these trying issues. 

Note-worthy facts:
- Lactating women typically produce 750-800ml of breast-milk daily
-All participants, lactating or non-lactating that are donating breast tissue, consent to their cells being studied

- The most interesting part of this study to me is that there are live cells in breast-milk, but also the fact that it took this long to realize that.

Question: What will the outcomes of future tests determine (cancer-wise)?]]> 2022-03-02 19:04:00 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074238375 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074240958 Summary 
--> Cancer cells especially the aggressive ones, can repair themselves using a technique called macropinocytosis, where the cells eat their own membrane. 
Facts
--> The cells pull a full membrane over the damage area to seal the hole in just a couple of minutes
--> The damage part of the cell membrane is separated into tiny spheres and transported to the cell's 'stomach'
--> They've shot tiny lasers into cancer cells to see what actually happens
--> Cancer cells can block off a damage part of themselves
--> This can be seen as a weak point in cancer cells
Questions
--> How did they find this out?
--> How are we going to be able to prevent them from doing this?
Importance
--> This article is important because this is a step towards finding a way to defeat or cure cancer. ]]> 2022-03-02 19:05:33 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074240958 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074243174 ~Summary
Brain cells don't just stop working when you go to sleep they stay active but they sometimes take a rest when you are in a really deep sleep. Scientists have used an EEG to see exactly what happened when we are in a deep sleep. It also states that the brain is the most mysterious part of the body.


~Facts
~EEG stands for electroencephalogram 
~EEG- represent the brain's activity as a graph that looks like a long shaped wave


~Question
Is there a big difference in brain activity the deeper the sleep gets?]]> 2022-03-02 19:06:53 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074243174 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074243794 Summary -
This article highlights two proteins, Jamb and Jamc. These proteins help with myoblast fusion, the fusion of muscular precursor cells. This process is essential for building proper skeletal mass as well as muscle fibers.

Important Facts - 
In a study with zebrafish, Jamb and Jamc were helpful in building muscle tissue.
Loss of Jamb and Jamc could result in diseases such as muscular dystrophy.

Question - 
Could humans use proteins like Jamb and Jamc to their advantage and help cure muscular dystrophy? Could humans access these proteins to build a greater amount of muscle mass overall?

In this article, I found the overall process of myoblast fusion to be the most interesting detail. Throughout my reading I kept wondering about the human access and ability to harness myoblast fusion. Maybe this function could help humans eventually find a process that increases the capacity for muscular tissue in a more "natural" way.]]> 2022-03-02 19:07:12 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074243794 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074252859 Summary:
50,000 year old microbes have been extracted from crystals in a cave in Mexico. This discovery may lead to finding life beyond earth. 

Facts:
- The crystal microbes are extremophiles.
- The microbes are not related to any genus.

Interesting:
Something that I found intriguing is how the microbes have survived for thousands of years.

Question:
How have the microbes survived for so long?]]> 2022-03-02 19:12:24 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074252859 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074253711 Summary- A study from the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University shows significant evidence for a genetically linked cause of brain-body incongruence, or gender dysphoria, in individuals who's brains are exposed or unexposed to estrogen after birth (Male brains are exposed to estrogen before or after birth, whereas female brains are not.) The article points to how transgender individuals when studied are more likely to have had their brains cross-sexed because of this mechanism.

-> Interesting:
This provides a strong biological argument for the existence of transgender individuals, as opposed to the idea of it being a delusion or mental disorder.

 "It doesn't matter which sex organs you have, it's whether estrogen or estrogen masculinizes the brain during this critical period"

They also proposed that gender is just as unique as any other genetic trait, someone with brown eyes does not have the same genetics as someone else with brown eyes and the same with the genetics of gender, whereas no natal males will experience it the same.

- - > I wonder/worry: If this research continues will it allow people to "prove" someone's gender identity, and the ethics of that as it could be dangerous for the trans community if the hypothesis is incorrect. ]]> 2022-03-02 19:12:53 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2074253711 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327598939 Summary - Cells make up every living thing and they require certain structures like cell membranes and the nucleus to do it. 

Important Facts - The cell is the smallest living unit

The thing I found interesting - How many organelles that can fit into a microscopic organism.

Question - Are there variations of cell structures between plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, etc?


]]> 2022-10-05 13:38:30 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327598939 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327599423 Summary - 
This article talks about how doctors are striving to find more than one way to kill cancer cells so the patient isn't suffering in pain or killing the healthy cells.

Important Facts
-chemo=poison
-chemo and radiation kill the cancerous cells but also kill the healthy
-cancer spreads quick
-high-intensity waves kill the bad and good cells.

Questions
Does it kill the cells quicker?
What happens if it fails on a human?]]> 2022-10-05 13:38:47 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327599423 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327602206 although otters are tiny with no true heat absorbing factors, they're still able to produce hear and thrive in the cold seas. their metabolism is so high because it was found that they have leaks in their mitochondria. this causes them to have to make up for that loss energy. it would be hard for otters to live without this because water transfers heat more than 22x as well as air does. they're skeletal system takes up 1/2 their body weight.  i thought it was mind blowing that otters' metabolism is 3x faster than predicted for their size. my question would be; do ant of otters ancestors have this trait?]]> 2022-10-05 13:40:16 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327602206 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327602409 Summary: EEG and K-complex are ways researchers and surgeons use to see brain activity. When a person is sleeping and their sleep is disturbed the EEG shows. Whenever an EEG shows a k-complex there was a dip in activity in the brain which means the k complex was a sign that the neurons were taking a break. 
Facts:
-An EEG represents brain activity 
-k complex shows a significant change of  electrical activity in the brain and show when a person sleeping sleep is disturbed
Question:
When they are "taking a break" what are the acutely doing, do they stop moving?

]]> 2022-10-05 13:40:23 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327602409 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327602578 Summary:
Scientists are looking for a way to prevent such adaption by invading the main pillar of cellular life 

Facts:
-Different cells have hairs that stop them from converting oxygen into ATP
-Cancer cells often evolve into aggressive forms and become untreatable. 

Questions: 
Will they ever succeed? 
What made then come up with this idea?

This topic is important because they are finding way on how to battle cancer cells with other cells and killing them.



]]> 2022-10-05 13:40:28 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327602578 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327606686 Summary-
Researchers have discovered a new strategy to preserve insulin-producing cells, reducing high blood levels in mice.

Facts:
-None can stop or reverse the progression of diabetes
-Insulin therapy can help regulate blood pressure/blood sugar.

Interesting:
Diabetes is none reversible, though there are treatments.

Questions:
How is insulin therapy established or administrated to a mice?
Can this be used in humans?]]> 2022-10-05 13:42:37 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327606686 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327607004 Summary- Cell cycle checkpoints monitor cells and can stop either the cell cycle or the organism's development when they detect problems. 

Facts - When cells become cancerous, they decouple ( separate ) from their fitness.
Cell cycle checkpoints protect transformed cells from external and internal stress.

Something i found interesting - There are many checkpoints but only three get mentioned the most, which is the G1/S, G2/M and the spindle assembly checkpoint ( SAC)

Question I have - What triggers cell cycle checkpoints? ]]> 2022-10-05 13:42:47 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327607004 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327608494 Summary: Scientists have discovered a way to kill cancer cells with magnets. By attaching nanoparticles of iron to proteins, the iron will attach to the cell. Scientists can then use magnets to trigger the receptors that signal the cell's death. 

Facts: 
- cells have many receptors which trigger different actions. 
- by combining iron with proteins, the iron will attach to the cell particles.  
- magnets can manipulate the iron, to trigger the death receptor. 

Interesting: Within just 24 hours, over half of the cancer cells died. 

Question: Will putting iron nanoparticles into the body have any negative side effects?


]]> 2022-10-05 13:43:36 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327608494 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327611421 Summary:
Researchers have discovered a new material that supposedly preserves the action of insulin-producing beta cells.

Facts:
~ High blood glucose is responsible for several complications in type 1-2 diabetes.
~ HIF-1Alpha regulates the response to hypoxia
~ PX-478 ameliorates beta cell activity without amplifying insulin secretion.

Questions:
~ Where do we see this taking action as of now?
~ Will this be a long-term treatment?

What i found most interesting in this article was that the beta cells produces high amounts of insulin which causes the increase of levels of the HIF- 1Alpha protein which then reduces the beta cell activity so what these researchers want to do is to use the PX-478 to improve the beta cell activity without causing harm to the insulin secretion.

]]> 2022-10-05 13:45:13 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327611421 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327611447 Summary-
This article describes how the stem cell can be "reset" and have different functions.
Facts-
The fact that acid could reset stem cells.
Stem cells can "replace" sick or damaged cells
Question:
How do you know the cells have been in the acid long enough?]]> 2022-10-05 13:45:14 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327611447 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327613668 Summary - Stem cells are cells that can become any type of specialized cell. After discovering a technique to artificially create stem cells scientists are studying them and using them to research new treatments to cure diseases.

Interesting Facts
 - Stem Cells can be used to cure many different diseases conditions such as blindness and blood diseases.
 - Stem cells can now be created by changing any common cell such as skin cells.

Question
 - Since this article was from 2013 what advancements have been made since then?


]]> 2022-10-05 13:46:06 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327613668 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327615752 Summary-A cell is the smallest living unit. 
The nucleus is the most important organelle in these cells
Every cell in an organism’s body has the same DNA
Facts-
-cells are in everything
-nucleus is the most important part of a cell
-animal cells and plant cells are different


Interesting-
I found it interesting that cells are a part of everything.
I also found it interesting because it is very important to life.


question- what would life be if we did not have cells.]]> 2022-10-05 13:47:06 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327615752 https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327621624 Senescent cells or "zombie cells" build up as you age and are alive but cannot reproduce because the DNA is damaged at the telomeres through the division of cells which can lead to dementia, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases.

You can promote these cells by smoking, drinking alcohol, and having a poor diet.
Zombie cells secrete chemicals that can promote inflammation.

Scientists tested this theory by using a tool with accuracy similar to a sniper to put protein on the cell to see if the cell turns and it did.

What are healthy habits that you can add to your lifestyle so you can avoid your cells turning into zombie cells?]]> 2022-10-05 13:49:34 UTC https://padlet.com/bwhite167/s6w5a6cioj8uzm0z/wish/2327621624