ENVS 3020 _ FAll 2021_M1-The Aral Sea by Samia Ebrahiem

Read about the environmental impacts and summarize below

samiaebrahiem — 2021-07-29 19:25:26 UTC

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An entry example: salinity ( group 1)

samiaebrahiem — 2021-07-29 19:25:26 UTC

The diminishing level of the Aral Sea has therefore caused the steep rise in salinity

Case Study ... Aral Sea Disaster (Video)

samiaebrahiem — 2021-07-29 19:25:26 UTC

Watch the video...

Read about the socio-economic impacts and summarize below

samiaebrahiem — 2021-07-29 19:25:26 UTC

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Read about the socio-economic impacts and summarize below]

samiaebrahiem — 2021-07-29 19:25:26 UTC

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Activities

samiaebrahiem — 2021-07-29 19:25:26 UTC

1) working in groups, you will discuss : (a)what is meant by the tragedy of commons. and (b) examine the case and its three impacts
2) Your task is to summarize one of the impacts according to your group number. Use (+) to add your notes
4) Identify your role( Presenter/ notetaker/timekeeper/Participant) next to each name of your group.
5) Each group will select one of the team to present their notes.
4) Wrap up class discussion of the case.
5) Activities for Credits: Finally, add this activity to your class portfolio ( for professionalism)to get credits.

Theory ... What is the tragedy of Commons? How to overcome?

samiaebrahiem — 2021-07-29 21:10:01 UTC

Group 3

2021-09-10 16:03:15 UTC

Harsher dust storms in the general area due to the disappearance of the lakes

Group 8

2021-09-10 16:03:59 UTC

Fisheries along the Aral Sea were negatively impacted when the size reduced by 90%. The increase of salinity and toxicity caused many of the fish species to die off. Once the Kokaral Dam was created, It helped sustain a small portion of the northern part of the sea for local fisheries to start up again.

Group 3

2021-09-10 16:06:58 UTC

Wildlife diverted away from area creating a positive feedback loop

Group 3

avestrum — 2021-09-10 16:07:09 UTC

Depletion of water supply downstream deprives municipalities of necessities of life, uprooting or starving entire communities.

Group 5

mmiao17 — 2021-09-10 16:07:58 UTC

The Aral Sea is only about a tenth of its original size. This caused the salt and mineral content of the lake to increase dramatically due to its higher concentration in the water making the water source unusable as fresh drinking water to the local population.

Group 10

2021-09-10 16:08:01 UTC

Changes in the Sea Surface Temperatures changed the climate of the area to more monsoon-like.

Group 9

2021-09-10 16:08:58 UTC

Tragedy of commons
it is a dilemma arising from the situation in multiple individuals focusing on their own self-interest not on anyone's long term interest
it is not just environmental issues. it is also ecnomical issues

Case:
overfishing
-->Overfishing of the Pacific bluefin tuna
coffee consumption
-->overconsumption has led to habitat loss that has endangered 60% of plant species
Traffic congestion
-->causing air pollution
depletion of groundwater

Three factors:
1. The number of users wanting to consume the common
2. The consumptive nature
3. The relative robustness of the common

Group 8

2021-09-10 16:09:12 UTC

Due to a change in the population age distribution, less working age people are living around the Aral sea which further impacts industries such as fishing

Group 3

2021-09-10 16:09:46 UTC

Ensure as much as possible the acts of self interest to do negatively impact the depletion of the environment and its resources.

Group 4

2021-09-10 16:09:51 UTC

One proposed solution is to attribute to the Aral Sea the status of “World Heritage Site” from the UNESCO, in order to force a partial restoration of the Southern part of the sea. This would help bring more sustainable help and push cooperation between different groups and governments.

Group 9

2021-09-10 16:10:43 UTC

decrease in protective vegetation due to plants dying and causing dust storms

Group 10

2021-09-10 16:11:13 UTC

Affected seasonal stability by increasing the rate of melting glaciers in neighboring and distant areas due to a lower moisture content in the air.

Group 5

mmiao17 — 2021-09-10 16:12:03 UTC

The shrinkage of the Aral Sea has led to a "desertification" of the surrounding area and has completely changed the geography of the area. Dust storms are now more common in the area and there are now extreme temperature differences in the summer and winter (extreme heat and cold).

Group 10

2021-09-10 16:12:50 UTC

Population increase due to more need of agricultural labourers creates a negative cycle in which poverty, subpar agricultural methods and overconsumption of non-renewable resources (such as fresh water) create a serious socio-economical impact on the region.

Group 6

2021-09-10 16:14:46 UTC

Large increase in population caused an increase in demand for fresh water. The increase in population led to an increase in water use in several industries such as fisheries, power generation, and agriculture. Although water consumption increased in all of these industries, agriculture and the growth of irrigation were the main problems of the crisis. With the depletion of the Aral sea, water became less accessible to the growing population. This will obviously have major health impacts from lack of clean drinking water and sanitation options. This then leads to economic impacts because of the burden it will place on healthcare infrastructure as well as decreased employment rates from illness.

Group 2

tybordt — 2021-09-10 16:15:02 UTC

Nation-wide efforts result in a sustained international help along with intercommunication among local governments to deal with environmental issues.

Group 2

2021-09-10 16:15:14 UTC

components fir the water budget:
1-Inflow from the river
2-Evaporation: difference between evaporation and precipitation at the surface
3-Precipitation rates
4-Groundwater inflow
Factors Accelerate the evaporation:
1- The salinization of the lake has lead to vertical stratification
2-As the lake loses water, it becomes shallower. The incoming solar radiation for a given square area now has to heat up a smaller volume of water, thus the water temperature at the surface increases faster

Group 5

mmiao17 — 2021-09-10 16:16:12 UTC

Trees and other plant life that can tolerate desert like conditions could be planted and maintained at the Aral Sea and nearby surroundings to help lower the severity and amount of dust storms that occur in the region.

Group 2

2021-09-10 16:16:12 UTC

Somewhat bitter sweet outcome for Uzbekistan was the oil and gas found in the dry bed of the lake, was able to make Uzbekistan Asias second largest oil producer. However the Drying of the lake virtually destroyed the local economy that relied on the water source (I.e. Fisheries).

- Water levels decreased, while population increased.
- Fishing area decreased.
- Fishing exports decreased
- Rice and cotton production increased (Consumes lots of water and pollutes water)

Group 10

2021-09-10 16:17:34 UTC

1. Diversifying the agrarian sector, in order to use less water.

2. Implementing advance irrigation systems (such as the dripping irrigation system) which increases water efficiency up to 103%.

3. Use of underground water rather than surface water.

decreasing water has increased the salinity which affects growth in the farmland and agriculture

2021-09-10 16:17:44 UTC

Group 10

2021-09-10 16:17:50 UTC

Due to increased dust storms, pesticides in the air, and poor water quality; diseases and other sicknesses started affecting more of the population (tuberculosis, parasites etc.)

Group 7

2021-09-10 16:17:55 UTC

The tragedy of the commons refers to the fact that every individual can and will consume resources and leave their footprint behind. While some consumption of resources might be unavoidable, but we do so more often in our own self interest without care for other individuals or animals we might be sharing these resources with.

Aral Sea Case Study
Environmental Impact
1. significant loss of water in the sea by 23meters
2. Salinity of the water increased because of the decrease in water thus causing imbalance
3. The surrounding area experienced heavy desertification because of lower water levels, decrease in ground water, frequent dust storms, and increased salinity in water and soil.

Group 4

2021-09-10 16:18:29 UTC

While the sea cannot be brought back to the levels seen in 1960 it is hoped that efforts will be placed to rejuvenating what is left of the two seas. One of the main problems with this plan is that the sea is situated by two country's that do not share the same interest in reviving these two seas.

Group 10

2021-09-10 16:20:25 UTC

The Tragedy of Commons is an economics theory which states that a group or individual overconsumes a resource, knowingly or unknowingly, affecting the rest of the population and/or environment.

Group 7

2021-09-10 16:22:22 UTC

Due to increased dust storms, droughts, increased soil salinity, and poor rainfall caused an area with a lot of farmland and flora to perish. The people living there were unfortunately displaced and had to move due to the now unusable soil for farming.

Group 9

2021-09-10 16:22:38 UTC

While human population has been increased with consumption of water to support agriculture and other industry, supply of water kept decreased it finally caused the poverty

Group 2

karangill2214 — 2021-09-10 16:24:48 UTC

Groups with access to the same essential resource, utilize it solely in their interests disregarding the affect on the other groups access to the resource resulting in overconsumption and therefore a loss of the resource.

Group 8

2021-09-10 16:26:58 UTC

Definition of The Tragedy of Commons
Individuals actions are based on their own self-interest, this causes the depletion of a shared resource negatively effecting everyone

group 7

2021-09-10 16:31:55 UTC

As we become more knowledgeable about the environment, we are a lot more careful altering the environment and try to scientifically understand what would happen to the the surround environment, animals, etc, if any changes are made. In this case, this is now an international issue that needs a lot more resources to solve.

samiaebrahiem — 2021-09-10 17:06:22 UTC

Thanks All groups. Please review the case study resources and add to your study materials.
Looking forward to see more engagements and fruitful disucussions in our future actiivties.

SE

Note that participants only from each group are considered for marking.