https://padlet.com/cschirmer1/s1t1kfu3zvzy To what extent were Russia and the Ottoman Empire similar in their efforts at reform in the 19th century? en-us 2018-02-23 04:05:25 UTC 2025-10-25 13:40:02 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Dartstarget.png https://padlet.com/cschirmer1/s1t1kfu3zvzy/wish/441233841 Both the Ottoman empire and the Russian empire made efforts to create reforms (by the leaders) to reduce tensions and stimulate economic, political, and social growth.]]> 2020-02-05 21:15:47 UTC https://padlet.com/cschirmer1/s1t1kfu3zvzy/wish/441233841 https://padlet.com/cschirmer1/s1t1kfu3zvzy/wish/441235778 Alexander II abolished serfdom with the Emancipation manifesto, created a mobile workforce, established the Duma, and Sergei Witte created the Witte system (stimulate economic development).

]]> 2020-02-05 21:20:23 UTC https://padlet.com/cschirmer1/s1t1kfu3zvzy/wish/441235778 https://padlet.com/cschirmer1/s1t1kfu3zvzy/wish/441236676 The Ottomans increased taxes, increased agricultural production, and established a traditional and European (modern) military (Sultan Selim and Mahmud II)

Summary: Realized their mistake and made everything European based

Young Turk era:
- had a written constitution of 1876 to limit the power of the sultan, called for universal suffrage, freedom of education, emancipation of women, and forced Abdul Hamid to restore parliament. ]]> 2020-02-05 21:22:23 UTC https://padlet.com/cschirmer1/s1t1kfu3zvzy/wish/441236676 https://padlet.com/cschirmer1/s1t1kfu3zvzy/wish/441237441 - independent juries
- system of laws were modeled by Europe
- had network of elected assemblies could zemstvos
- built trans-Siberian railroad
- tried to end official corruption
- Stolypin reforms: wanted to create separate class of peasant landowners)]]> 2020-02-05 21:24:17 UTC https://padlet.com/cschirmer1/s1t1kfu3zvzy/wish/441237441 https://padlet.com/cschirmer1/s1t1kfu3zvzy/wish/441237995 made advancements and reform in education
- tried to reform janissaries
- Europeans could make their own laws 
- tried to copy European lifestyle
-made a parliament
-made constitution (but abolished it after) - Abdul Hamid)
- equality to Jews and Christians
- copied European and french legal systems (Tanzimat reforms)]]> 2020-02-05 21:25:41 UTC https://padlet.com/cschirmer1/s1t1kfu3zvzy/wish/441237995 22qphan https://padlet.com/cschirmer1/s1t1kfu3zvzy/wish/441254912 - the Young Turks (radical group from the Ottoman bureaucracy) - called for universal suffrage, public education, a secular state, equality before law, and religious freedom
 adopted a new military force with heavy European influence
- expanded education further into secondary education and university level for boys
- removed the capitulation system 
-limited taxation 
- increase agricultural production 
-changed into a more industrialized economy 
- decline in corruption 

]]> 2020-02-05 22:10:18 UTC https://padlet.com/cschirmer1/s1t1kfu3zvzy/wish/441254912 22qphan https://padlet.com/cschirmer1/s1t1kfu3zvzy/wish/441259248 - emancipation of serfs
- became heavily industrialized 
- dissidents drew inspiration from European Socialism 
- Duma - Russia's first parliament]]> 2020-02-05 22:21:48 UTC https://padlet.com/cschirmer1/s1t1kfu3zvzy/wish/441259248