Geriatrics by https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj en-us 2023-08-25 20:48:14 UTC 2023-09-05 19:50:15 UTC hello@padlet.com Causes, symptoms and risk factors cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673438125 Prevalent among the elderly, is a complex neurodegenerative disorder. While the precise etiology remains elusive, a blend of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle elements contribute. Age is a paramount risk factor, with susceptibility markedly increasing after 65.


Patients exhibit a range of symptoms, starting with mild memory lapses and escalating to severe cognitive impairments. Challenges in daily tasks, disorientation, language difficulties, and altered behavior patterns characterize the disease's progression. Ultimately, individuals may struggle to recognize loved ones.

]]> 2023-08-25 20:53:48 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673438125 Why is it common whitin this Group of people? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673438422
  • Age-Related Changes in the Brain: The brain undergoes various natural changes as individuals age. Neurons can become less efficient, and communication between brain cells may be compromised.
  • Accumulation of Abnormal Protein Deposits: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the buildup of abnormal protein deposits.
  • Genetic and Environmental Factors
  • Longer Exposure to Risk Factors: Older individuals have had more years of potential exposure to risk factors that contribute to Alzheimer's disease. Factors such as an unhealthy diet, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and chronic health conditions can accumulate over time, increasing the likelihood of disease development.
  • Reduced Repair and Recovery Mechanisms: In the brain, this reduced regenerative capacity can hinder its ability to counteract the damage associated with Alzheimer's disease.
  • Interaction with Age-Related Diseases: Older individuals often have multiple chronic conditions, such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. These conditions can interact with Alzheimer's disease, accelerating its progression.
  • Chronic Neuroinflammation: Chronic neuroinflammation can contribute to the development and progression of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's. Inflammatory processes can damage neurons and disrupt the brain's delicate balance, further contributing to cognitive impairment.

    • ]]>     2023-08-25 20:54:29 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673438422     Diagnosis and treatment options. cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673438879
  • Medical History and Clinical Assessment: Doctors gather information about the patient's medical history, including family history of Alzheimer's or other cognitive disorders. They also evaluate the progression and nature of cognitive symptoms.
  • Cognitive Testing: Various cognitive tests assess memory, attention, language, problem-solving, and other cognitive functions. Common tests include the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).
  • Neurological Examination: A neurological assessment helps rule out other conditions that might mimic Alzheimer's symptoms. It includes evaluating reflexes, muscle tone, balance, and sensory functions.
  • Neuroimaging: Brain imaging techniques like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans can reveal structural and functional changes in the brain. These scans can help distinguish Alzheimer's from other disorders and aid in diagnosis.
  • Biomarker Analysis: In some cases, cerebrospinal fluid analysis or specialized PET scans using markers like amyloid and tau proteins can provide insights into the presence of Alzheimer's-related changes in the brain.

    • Treatment Options for Alzheimer's Disease:
    While there is no cure for Alzheimer's, treatment approaches aim to manage symptoms, slow disease progression, and improve patients' quality of life. Treatment plans are often tailored to each individual's needs:

    1. Pharmacological Interventions: Medications such as cholinesterase inhibitors (e.g., donepezil, rivastigmine) and NMDA receptor antagonists (e.g., memantine) can help manage cognitive symptoms and improve memory and thinking to some extent.
    2. Behavioral and Psychosocial Interventions: Non-pharmacological interventions focus on maximizing patients' functional abilities and enhancing their well-being. These include cognitive training, occupational therapy, and psychosocial support for patients and their caregivers.
    3. Lifestyle Modifications: Engaging in regular physical exercise, maintaining a balanced diet rich in antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids, and staying mentally and socially active may help slow disease progression and improve overall brain health.
    4. Clinical Trials: Researchers are continuously working on developing new treatments and interventions for Alzheimer's disease. Participation in clinical trials provides access to experimental therapies that could potentially benefit patients and contribute to advancing medical knowledge.
    5. Support for Caregivers: Alzheimer's places a significant burden on caregivers. Support groups, counseling, and educational resources can help caregivers cope with the challenges of caregiving and ensure better care for patients.
    6. Advanced Therapies: Some experimental treatments, such as immunotherapy and gene therapy, are being investigated in clinical trials. These approaches aim to target the underlying causes of Alzheimer's, such as abnormal protein deposits. pito

    ]]>     2023-08-25 20:55:18 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673438879     Ways to manage or prevent. cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673439372
  • Stay Mentally Active: Engaging in mentally stimulating activities, such as puzzles, reading, learning a new language, or playing musical instruments, can help keep the brain active and potentially delay cognitive decline.
  • Physical Exercise: Regular physical activity has been linked to improved brain health. Aim for a combination of aerobic exercise and strength training, as they can promote blood flow to the brain and support cognitive function.
  • Healthy Diet: Adopt a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats (like omega-3 fatty acids). Some research suggests that the Mediterranean diet, which emphasizes these components, may be beneficial for brain health.
  • Heart Health: Maintain cardiovascular health by managing blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and blood sugar levels. What's good for the heart is often good for the brain, as cardiovascular health is closely linked to brain health.
  • Social Engagement: Stay socially active by participating in social groups, spending time with friends and family, and engaging in community activities. Social interactions can stimulate cognitive function and emotional well-being.
  • Adequate Sleep: Prioritize getting sufficient and restful sleep. Sleep is essential for brain health and cognitive function, and chronic sleep deprivation may increase the risk of cognitive decline.
  • Stress Management: Chronic stress can have detrimental effects on brain health. Practice stress-reduction techniques such as meditation, deep breathing, yoga, or mindfulness to help manage stress.
  • Limit Alcohol Consumption: Excessive alcohol consumption can negatively affect brain health. If you drink alcohol, do so in moderation.
  • Quit Smoking: Smoking is associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. Quitting smoking can contribute to better overall brain health.
  • Manage Chronic Conditions: Effectively manage chronic conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and obesity, as they can increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
  • Cognitive Training: Engage in cognitive training exercises and brain games that challenge memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. This can help maintain cognitive function.
  • Stay Curious and Learn: Lifelong learning and curiosity about the world around you can keep your brain engaged and help build cognitive reserve, potentially mitigating the impact of cognitive decline.
  • Limit Exposure to Toxins: Minimize exposure to environmental toxins, pollutants, and heavy metals that could contribute to brain damage.
  • Regular Check-ups: Schedule regular medical check-ups to monitor your overall health and discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider.
  • Participate in Research: Consider participating in research studies focused on Alzheimer's prevention and treatment. This contributes to advancing scientific knowledge and potential breakthroughs.

    • ]]>     2023-08-25 20:56:30 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673439372     How the illness impacts the geriatrics´s lives and their families? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673439838
  • Cognitive Decline: Alzheimer's leads to memory loss, confusion, and difficulty in reasoning and problem-solving. As the disease progresses, individuals may struggle to perform basic tasks and make decisions.
  • Loss of Independence: The loss of cognitive abilities can erode independence. Individuals may struggle with activities of daily living such as dressing, eating, and bathing, requiring increasing assistance.
  • Communication Difficulties: Language and communication skills deteriorate over time, making it hard for patients to express themselves and understand others.
  • Behavioral and Mood Changes: Alzheimer's often leads to mood swings, anxiety, depression, and aggression. Behavioral changes can be challenging for both the individual and caregivers to manage.
  • Social Isolation: As cognitive decline worsens, individuals may withdraw from social interactions due to embarrassment or frustration. This isolation can exacerbate feelings of loneliness.

    • For Families:

    1. Caregiver Burden: Family members, often spouses or adult children, become primary caregivers. The demands of caregiving can lead to physical, emotional, and financial stress, impacting their own well-being.
    2. Emotional Strain: Witnessing a loved one's cognitive decline can be emotionally distressing. Families may experience grief, sadness, frustration, and guilt.
    3. Role Reversal: Adult children may find themselves in a role reversal, needing to care for their parents as if they were the children. This shift can be emotionally challenging for both parties.
    4. Financial Challenges: Alzheimer's can strain family finances due to medical expenses, in-home care, and potentially the need to reduce work hours or leave jobs to provide care.
    5. Impact on Relationships: The demands of caregiving can strain relationships among family members. Siblings may have differing opinions on care decisions, leading to conflicts.
    6. Social Isolation: Caregivers may become socially isolated due to their caregiving responsibilities, leading to a sense of loneliness and limited support.
    7. Navigating Healthcare System: Families often have to navigate complex healthcare systems, make medical decisions, and coordinate appointments and treatments.
    8. Anticipatory Grief: Families may experience anticipatory grief as they witness the gradual loss of the person they once knew, even before physical death.

    ]]>     2023-08-25 20:57:34 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673439838     Causes, symptoms and risk factors cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673440091 The pancreas does not produce enough insulin, a hormone that regulates the movement of sugar into cells. And the cells don't respond properly to insulin and consume less sugar.
    Symptoms 
    Increased thirst. 
    Frequent urination. 
    Increased hunger. Unintentional weight loss. Fatigue. 
    Blurry vision.
    Slow-healing sores. 
    Frequent infections. 
    Numbness or tingling in the hands or feet. Areas of darkened skin, usually in the armpits and neck.

    ]]>     2023-08-25 20:58:11 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673440091     Causes, symptons, and risk factors https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673440120 A chronic inflammatory disease that affects many joints, including those of the hands and feet. In rheumatoid arthritis, the body's immune system attacks its own tissues, including the joints.]]> 2023-08-25 20:58:16 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673440120 Causes, symptoms and risk factors cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673441239 Causes: 
    • An acute complete blockage 
    • A partial blockage 
    • Coronary artery spasm. 
    • Certain infections. COVID-19 and other viral infections may cause damage to the heart muscle.
    • Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD). This life-threatening condition is caused by a tear inside a heart artery.
    Symptoms: 
    • Chest pain that may feel like pressure, tightness, pain, squeezing or aching
    • Pain or discomfort that spreads to the shoulder, arm, back, neck, jaw, teeth or sometimes the upper belly
    • Cold sweat
    • Fatigue
    • Heartburn or indigestion
    • Lightheadedness or sudden dizziness
    • Nausea
    • Shortness of breath
    Risk Factors:
    • Age. Men age 45 and older and women age 55 and older.
    • Tobacco use.
    • High blood pressure. 
    • High cholesterol or triglycerides. 
    • Obesity.
    • Diabetes.
    • Metabolic syndrome. 
    • Family history of heart attacks. If a brother, sister, parent or grandparent had an early heart attack.
    • Not enough exercise. A lack of physical activity (sedentary lifestyle) is linked to a higher risk of heart attacks.
    • Unhealthy diet. A diet high in sugars, animal fats, processed foods, trans fats and salt increases the risk of heart attacks.
    • Stress. Emotional stress.
    • Illegal drug use. Cocaine and amphetamines are stimulants.
    • A history of preeclampsia. This condition causes high blood pressure during pregnancy.
    • An autoimmune condition. Having a condition such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus can increase the risk of a heart attack.

    ]]>     2023-08-25 21:00:43 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673441239     Causes, symptoms and risk factors cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673441372 Causes and symtoms
    Sex - Why does a woman have a higher risk of developing it
    Age- Bones can weaken over time
    Race - White and Asian women are at higher risk
    Family history-If a father had, he will have a higher risk of developing osteoporosis
    Hormonal Changes - Certain hormones with low levels contribute to the development of osteoporosis
    Diet- A poor diet that does not have vitamin D or calcium increases the risk of this.
    Medications - Long-term use of some medications can increase the chance of developing bone loss.
    Symptoms
    • Bone pain: There may be pain in the lower back, hip, or wrists. This pain can be constant or intermittent.

    • Weakening of the bones: Bones become more brittle and weak, increasing the risk of fractures from even minor injuries or everyday movements.

    • Decreased height: Osteoporosis can cause a gradual loss of height due to compression of the vertebrae of the spine.
    • Stooped posture: Also known as a "widow's hump" or kyphosis, which can result from fractures in the vertebrae of the spine.

    • Fractures: Fractures can occur more easily, even in situations where a fracture would not be expected, such as when coughing or lifting light objects.

    • Changes in body shape: The hip and wrist bones are particularly vulnerable to fractures, which can lead to changes in the shape and function of these areas.

    • Back pain: There may be pain in the lower back due to vertebral fractures.]]>     2023-08-25 21:01:06 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673441372     Causes, symptoms and risk factors cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673441422 Causes
    It is a chronic and progressive movement disorder that involves the malfunction and death of vital nerve cells in the brain, called neurons.
    Symptoms
    akinesia (substantial absence of movement), resting tremor, rigidity, increased muscle tension and resistance to movement, and postural instability due to loss of balance]]>     2023-08-25 21:01:14 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673441422     Why is it common whitin this Group of people? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673441733 The pancreas cannot make enough insulin to keep blood glucose levels within healthy limits. It can mainly affect geriatric patients due to the same aging of the cells and excess sugar throughout their lives.]]> 2023-08-25 21:01:59 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673441733 Why is it common whitin this Group of people? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673441810 Osteoporosis is more common in the elderly because as we age, our bodies tend to lose bone density faster than it can replace it. This is due to several factors, including the natural depletion of calcium and other minerals in the bones over time, as well as hormonal changes that can affect bone health. Additionally, during menopause in women, decreased estrogen levels can accelerate bone density loss.]]> 2023-08-25 21:02:09 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673441810 Why is it common whitin this Group of people? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673441946 Many manifestations are due to a loss of neurons that produce dopamine, a type of neurotransmitter in the brain. When dopamine levels drop, this causes abnormal brain activity, leading to poor movement and other similar symptoms.]]> 2023-08-25 21:02:25 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673441946 Diagnosis and treatment options. cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673442042
    Diagnosis 
    During the physical examination, the doctor will check the joints for swelling, redness, and temperature. rheumatoid arthritis often have a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, also known as sed rate) or C-reactive protein level, indicating the presence of an inflammatory process in the body.
    Treatment
    Medicines ● Conventional disease-modifying antirheumatics. ●Synthetic and targeted disease-modifying antirheumatics. ●steroids]]>     2023-08-25 21:02:38 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673442042     Ways to manage or prevent. cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673442212 avoiding tobacco and being overweight but it is a disease with genetic predisposition]]> 2023-08-25 21:02:49 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673442212 How the illness impacts the geriatrics´s lives and their families? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673442361 In most times they can have a good quality of life.]]> 2023-08-25 21:03:09 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673442361 Why is it common within tris group of people? https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673442531 Rheumatoid arthritis is closely related in the elderly to osteoporosis and its resulting complications.]]> 2023-08-25 21:03:31 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673442531 Why is it common whitin this group of people? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673442995 Adults aged 65 and older are more likely than younger people to suffer from some form of heart disease. This is because aging alone changes the heart and its ability to function properly. This increases the risk for heart disease and your chances of suffering a heart attack.]]> 2023-08-25 21:04:21 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673442995 Diagnosis and treatment options. cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673443134
    Diagnosis
    Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
    Blood tests.
    Chest X-ray.
    Echocardiogram.
    Coronary catheterization (angiogram).
    Cardiac computed tomography (CT) or Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 

    Treatment
    • Aspirin. 
    • Clot busters (thrombolytics or fibrinolytics).
    • Nitroglycerin. 
    • Morphine. 
    • Beta blockers. 
    • angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. 
    • Statins.
    ]]>     2023-08-25 21:04:39 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673443134     Ways to manage or prevent. cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673443225 By living a healthy lifestyle, you can help keep your blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels normal and lower your risk for heart disease and heart attack.

    You can choose healthy habits to help prevent heart disease:
    - Don´t smoke
    - Get Regular Physical Activity
    - Keep a Healthy Weight
    - Choose Healthy Foods and Drinks

    ]]>     2023-08-25 21:04:49 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673443225     How the illness impacts the geriatrics´s lives and their families? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673443304 Dealing with heart disease as a family. The physical and emotional changes will also affect the people close and can mean big changes in the family routine.

    This could affect the heart's rhythm and its ability to pump blood to the rest of the body. You may also be at risk for another heart attack or conditions such as stroke, kidney disorders.]]>     2023-08-25 21:05:01 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673443304     Diagnosis and treatment options. cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673443420 Diagnosis 
    glycosylated hemoglobin A1c test. 
    Fasting blood glucose test. 
    Oral glucose tolerance test.

    Treatment
    healthy food exercise change habits medications: metformin, sulfonylureas
    Some people with type 2 diabetes need to be treated with insulin.]]>     2023-08-25 21:05:17 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673443420     Ways to manage or prevent. cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673443536 A healthy lifestyle can help prevent type 2 diabetes. If you've been diagnosed with prediabetes, lifestyle changes can slow or stop the progression of diabetes.]]> 2023-08-25 21:05:29 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673443536 How the illness impacts the geriatrics´s lives and their families? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673443616 It is important that you regularly monitor your blood glucose levels to avoid serious complications. In addition, you should be aware of symptoms that may indicate irregular blood glucose levels and the need for immediate medical attention.]]> 2023-08-25 21:05:40 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673443616 Diagnosis and treatment options. cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673446339 Treatment 
    Calcium and Vitamin D supplements: Help maintain bone density and strengthen bones.
    Antiresorptive Medications: These include bisphosphonates, denosumab, and others that help prevent bone loss.
    Hormone Replacement Therapy: In postmenopausal women, it can help prevent bone loss.
    Anabolic Medications: Such as teriparatide, which stimulate bone formation.
    Estrogen Receptor Inhibitors: For postmenopausal women, they can help prevent bone loss.
    Lifestyle Changes: Balanced diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking and excess alcohol.

    ]]>     2023-08-25 21:05:52 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673446339     Ways to manage or prevent. cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673446415 • Adequate calcium intake: Make sure you get enough calcium in your diet through foods such as low-fat dairy products, fish with edible bones, leafy green vegetables, and fortified foods.

    • Sufficient vitamin D: Vitamin D is essential for the absorption of calcium. Get sun exposure and consider supplementation if your levels are low.

    • Balanced diet: Maintain a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean protein, and whole grains to ensure you are getting a variety of nutrients.

    • Regular exercise: Weight-bearing exercise, such as walking, running, lifting weights, and yoga, can help strengthen bones and improve bone density.

    • Avoid tobacco and excess alcohol: Smoking and consuming too much
    • Manage stress: Chronic stress can affect bone health. Find ways to manage stress, such as through exercise, meditation, or relaxing activities.

    • Avoid falls: Take precautions to prevent falls, such as maintaining a safe home and wearing appropriate footwear.

    See your doctor: If you have risk factors, such as early menopause or a family history of osteoporosis, see your doctor to discuss prevention and testing]]>     2023-08-25 21:06:03 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673446415     How the illness impacts the geriatrics´s lives and their families? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673446619 Osteoporosis can have a significant impact on the lives of older (geriatric) adults and their families. According to the National Institute on Aging (NIA), some of the effects include:

    • Fractures and disability: Fractures, especially of the hip, vertebrae, and wrists, are common in people with osteoporosis. These fractures can lead to loss of mobility, chronic pain, and the need for assistance with daily activities.

    • Pain and quality of life: Pain associated with fractures and bone weakness can reduce quality of life for older adults. This can limit your activities and affect your emotional well-being.
    • Reduced independence: People with osteoporotic fractures may need additional assistance with activities such as dressing, bathing, and moving around. This can decrease their independence and require the help of family members or caregivers.

    • Financial Burdens: The medical costs associated with the treatment of fractures and the management of osteoporosis can be significant. This can impact the finances of geriatrics and their families.

    • Long-term care: Families may need to provide long-term care for their loved ones affected by osteoporosis. This may require considerable time, effort, and resources.

    • Emotional Stress: Both geriatrics and their families can experience emotional stress due to health concerns, financial burdens, and changes in daily life.
    • Changes in family dynamics: The need for long-term care and care can change family dynamics and roles, which can be challenging for all parties involved.]]>     2023-08-25 21:06:28 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673446619     Diagnosis and treatment options. cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673446765 Treatment 
    Medications: Such as levodopa, dopamine agonists and others, which help control motor symptoms.

    Physical and occupational therapy: To improve mobility and coordination.

    Speech therapy: To address speech and swallowing problems.

    Regular exercise: It can help maintain muscle strength and improve flexibility.

    Surgery: In severe and treatment-resistant cases, surgery, such as deep brain stimulation, may be considered.]]>     2023-08-25 21:06:44 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673446765     Ways to manage or prevent. cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673447520 genetic and environmental factors, which can vary in each person. Epidemiological studies have found a high correlation between exposure to agents]]> 2023-08-25 21:08:32 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673447520 How the illness impacts the geriatrics´s lives and their families? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673447618 Special care is needed since it is a chronic degenerative disease that can have many complications with the daily life of the elderly.]]> 2023-08-25 21:08:51 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673447618 Alzheimer Disease https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673460427 Ballard, C., Gauthier, S., Corbett, A., Brayne, C., Aarsland, D., & Jones, E. (2011). Alzheimer's disease. The Lancet, 377(9770), 1019-1031.

    Burns, A., Iliffe, S., & Alzheimer's disease. (2009). BMJ, 338, b158

    Dubois, B., Padovani, A., Scheltens, P., Rossi, A., & Dell'Agnello, G. (2016). Timely diagnosis for Alzheimer's disease: A literature review on benefits and challenges. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 49(3), 617-631.

    Hardy, J., & Selkoe, D. J. (2002). The amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease: progress and problems on the road to therapeutics. Science, 297(5580), 353-356.

    Lyketsos, C. G., Carrillo, M. C., Ryan, J. M., Khachaturian, A. S., Trzepacz, P., Amatniek, J., ... & Miller, D. S. (2011). Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's & Dementia, 7(5), 532-539.

    Querfurth, H. W., & LaFerla, F. M. (2010). Alzheimer's disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 362(4), 329-344.

    Reitz, C., Brayne, C., & Mayeux, R. (2011). Epidemiology of Alzheimer disease. Nature Reviews Neurology, 7(3), 137-152.

    Salloway, S., Sperling, R., Fox, N. C., Blennow, K., Klunk, W., Raskind, M., ... & Sabbagh, M. (2014). Two phase 3 trials of bapineuzumab in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 370(4), 322-333.

    Schneider, L. S., Mangialasche, F., Andreasen, N., Feldman, H., Giacobini, E., Jones, R., ... & Winblad, B. (2014). Clinical trials and late-stage drug development for Alzheimer's disease: an appraisal from 1984 to 2014. Journal of Internal Medicine, 275(3), 251-283.

    Selkoe, D. J. (2001). Alzheimer's disease: genes, proteins, and therapy. Physiological Reviews, 81(2), 741-766.

    ]]>     2023-08-25 21:20:33 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673460427     Rheumatoid Arthritis cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673460652 (N.d.). Sld.Cu. Retrieved August 25, 2023, from http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1817-59962019000300007#:~:text=La%20Artritis%20reumatoidea%20se%20encuentra,y%20especialistas%20de%20la%20salud

    Artritis reumatoide. (2023, January 25). Mayoclinic.org. https://www.mayoclinic.org/es/diseases-conditions/rheumatoid-arthritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20353648


    ]]>     2023-08-25 21:21:12 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673460652     Heart Attack cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673460889 Heart attack. (2022, May 21). Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-attack/symptoms-causes/syc-20373106

    VIPcare. (2023, February 27). Heart attacks in older adults – what you need to know. VIPcare. https://getvipcare.com/blog/heart-attacks-in-older-adults-what-you-need-to-know/

    CDC. (2022, December 6). Heart attack symptoms, risk, and recovery. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/heart_attack.htm






    ]]>     2023-08-25 21:21:47 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673460889     Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673460991 Diabetes de tipo 2. (2023, May 12). Mayoclinic.org. https://www.mayoclinic.org/es/diseases-conditions/type-2-diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20351193


    ]]>     2023-08-25 21:22:01 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673460991     Osteoporosis cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673461046 National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF). (2023). PROTECT YOUR ABILITY. https://www.nof.org/]]> 2023-08-25 21:22:10 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673461046 Parkinson´s Disease cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673461120 (Parkinson's Foundation, 2023, June 14). Article title. Parkinson's Foundation. Retrieved from https://www.parkinson.org/]]> 2023-08-25 21:22:20 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673461120 What is the most common medication in type 2 diabetes? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673465745 Metformin]]> 2023-08-25 21:27:43 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673465745 What is the treatment for Parkinson´s disease? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673465771

    Such as levodopa, dopamine agonists and others, which help control motor symptoms.
    ]]>     2023-08-25 21:27:48 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673465771     How does osteoporosis is diagnosed? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673465982 The diagnosis is made by tests such as bone densitometry, which measures bone mineral density.]]> 2023-08-25 21:28:25 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673465982 How can osteoporosis be prevented? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673466015 Prevention includes a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, weight-bearing exercise, avoiding tobacco and excess alcohol, and regular screening for early detection.]]> 2023-08-25 21:28:31 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673466015 What are the most common symptoms of type 2 diabetes? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673466087 Increased thirst. 
    Frequent urination. 
    Increased hunger]]>     2023-08-25 21:28:39 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673466087     Mention some risk factors for heart attack. cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673466182
  • Age.
  • Tobacco use.
  • High blood pressure. 
  • High cholesterol or triglycerides. 
  • Obesity. 
  • Diabetes.
  • Metabolic syndrome. 
  • Family history of heart attacks.
  • Not enough exercise.
  • Unhealthy diet.
  • Stress.
  • Illegal drug use.
  • A history of preeclampsia.
  • An autoimmune condition.

    • ]]>     2023-08-25 21:28:56 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673466182     What are the diagnostic tests for type 2 diabetes? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673466549
    glycosylated hemoglobin A1c test. 
    Fasting blood glucose test. 
    Oral glucose tolerance test.

    ]]>     2023-08-25 21:29:55 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673466549     What is the cause of rheumatoid arthritis? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673466689
    A chronic inflammatory disease that affects many joints, including those of the hands and feet. In rheumatoid arthritis, the body's immune system attacks its own tissues, including the joints.]]>     2023-08-25 21:30:19 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673466689     How is Alzheimer diagnosed? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673466713 Medical history and clínica assesment.
    Cognitive testing.
    Neurological examination.
    Neuroimaging.
    Biomaker analysis.

    ]]>     2023-08-25 21:30:22 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673466713     Ways to prevent Reumathoid Arthritis? cfswbjr97x https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673466913


    Avoiding tobacco and being overweight but it is a disease with genetic predisposition


    ]]>     2023-08-25 21:30:50 UTC https://padlet.com/cfswbjr97x/rwaldqhek9lnlwlj/wish/2673466913