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densely          distribute         inexpensive                 growth                         overpopulated

available        restrictions       ranks                                        increase           method

1. Do you think the Earth is  overpopulated ? 

2. Safe birth-control methods for family planning are no… available ….to people living in remote areas.

3. China ………… ranks …………… first in population growth.

4. What is the best… …… method ……… to limit the birthrate in the world?

5. The government has set strict…… restriction ……… on levels of population in big cities.

6. Better health care and agriculture have led to rapid population … growth …..…

7. Our school has managed to collect a lot of books to … distribute. … to the children in a village school.

8. Pressure on natural resources will … increase.. . as we face a population explosion.

9. China is one of the most … … densely ………. populated areas in the world.

10. The second solution is to provide safe, … inexpensive … … birth-control methods.

1. Her first novel has been ……internationally…. … acclaimed as a masterpieces. (nation)

2. The mountainous areas are…populated…… … mostly by ethnic groups. (population)

3. The Government shouldhave more work to eradicate ……illiteracy….. … .(literate)

4. The first championship was hosted in China with 12 teams sent to…represent … their countries. (representative)

5. Volunteers believe that some of the…happiest … people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others. (happiness)

6. The teachers are responsible for the …safety. … of their students during the field trip. (safe)

7. I would like to thank the nurse who was very …supporting … during my father’s illness. (support)

8. Some of the world’s natural disasters are partly caused by…overpopulation… .(populous)

9.Theydid not serve enough food because there were some … expected…… guests.(expect)

10. There are no …limit … to how much fresh fruit you can eat in a day, isn’t there? (limitation)

a)Using the given information, make “conditional sentence”. Use if

1.I don’t ride the bus to school every morning because it’s always so crowded.

…If the bus weren’t always so crowded, I would ride it to school every morning.

2. Stop talking or you won’t understand the lesson.

…If you don’t stop talking, you won’t understand the lesson.

3. The wind is blowing hard, so we won’t take the boat out for a ride.

…If the wind weren’t blowing hard, we would take the boat out for a ride. 

4. I feel better now because you talked to me about my problems yesterday.

…If you didn’t talk to me about my problems yesterday, I wouldn’t feel better now.

5. Rita is exhausted today because she didn’t get any sleep last night.

…Rita wouldn’t have been exhausted today if she had got some sleep last night.

6. Go right now or you’ll be late for the train.

…You will be late for the train if you don’t go right now.

7. Because I don’t have enough free time, I can’t help my mother with the housework.

…If I had enough free time, I would help my mother with the housework.

8. Keep your feet warm or you’ll catch a cold!

…If you don’t keep your feet warm, you will catch a cold.

9. Jim can’t type, so he could not get the job.

…If  Jim could type, he would get the job.

10. The game was cancelled due to bad weather.

…The game wouldn't have been cancelled if the weather had been good.

b) Change the following conditional sentences into reported speech

11. “If I had any money, I’d buy you a drink”. She said to me

…She told me that if she had had some money, she would have bought me a drink.

12. “If I catch the plane, I’ll be home by five,” he said.

…He said if he caught the plane, he would be home by five.

13. “You should stay in bed if you feel unwell.” my mother said

…My mother told me I should stay in bed if I felt unwell.

14. “If you press this switch, the computer comes on,” he said to his students.

…He told his students if they pressed that switch, the computer would come on.

16. “If I were you, I’d stop smoking,” she said to her brother.

…She told her brother if she were him, she would stop smoking.

17. “If I were you, I would choose medicine to study at college,” Sam told me

…Sam advised me to choose medicine to study at college. 

18. “Take another sandwich if you’re hungry,”

…She asked him to take another sandwich if he was hungry.

19. “If you change your mind, give me a ring,” Peter said to Pamela

…Peter told Pamela if she change her mind, give him a ring.

20. Nam said to his mother, “If I get a scholarship, I will study abroad.”

…Nam told his mother if he got a scholarship, he would study abroad.

Question 1: If she asks for money, I … her.

A. will give                 B. gave                                       C. would give                      D. would have given

Question 2: We have enough tickets available … everybody.

A. to                                        B. for                                          C. on                                                D. from

Question 3: Choose the word CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word in the following question.

A. put out                                B. made up                                          C. went on                              D. took over.

Question 4: Choose the word CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word in the following question.

A. reply                                               B. talk                                                 C. demand                              D. method

Question 5: Choose the word OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word in the following question.

A. gone down             B. given up                                          C. let off                                 D. increased

Question 6: Choose the word OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word in the following question

A. very upset               B. pleased                                           C. worried                               D. uncomfortable

Question 7: If my candidate had won the election, I … happy now.

A. am                                      B. would be                            C. was                                                 D. can be 

Question 8: If the technology … available, we would be able to expand the business.

A. would become        B. were become                                  C. had become                        D. became 

Question 9: Lack … food had stunted his growth.

A. of                                        B. in                                                    C. for                                       D. on

Question 10: He didn’t intend … her; he was just joking.

A. upsetting                            B. to upset                                           C. upset                                               D. to be upset

Question 11: You can borrow my camera … you’re careful with it.

A. unless                                 B. so                                                    C. as long as                            D. when

Question 12: Mary said that if she … the answer, she would have told me.

A. knows                                                                                 B. knew                                   

 C. had known                                                                        D. would have known

Question 13: He warned me … staying at that luxury hotel.

A. from                                               B. against                                            C. without                               D. on

Question 14:  Scientists say that the main reason … population explosion is an increase in birth rates.

A. of                B. to                                                    C. for                                       D. in

 

Question 15:   A. earth                                   B. growth                    C. although                 D. third

Question 16:   A. increase                  B. expect                     C. resource                  D. continue

 

Question 17: If the world population (A) did not (B) grow every year (C), we will not lack food (D).

Question 18: Safe birth-control (A) methods for (B) family planning (C) are not available with them (D).

Question 19:  A. another                    B. billion                     C. probably                             D. scientist

Question 20:   A. method                   B. women                    C. something               D. support 

V. Reading: Read the passage and then choose the best answer A, B, C, or D for the following questions.

            The world’s population increased from 3 billion in 1959 to 6 billion by 1999, a doubling that occurred over 40 years. The Census Bureau’s latest projections imply that population growth will continue into the 21^st century, although more slowly. The world’s population is projected to grow from 6 billion in 1999 to 9 billion by 2042, an increase of 50 percent that will require 43 years.

            The world’s population growth rate rose from about 1.5 percent per year from 1950 to 1951 to a peak of over 2 percent in the early 1960s due to reductions in mortality. Growth rates thereafter started to decline due to rising age at marriage as well as increasing availability and use of effective contraceptive methods. Note that changes in population growth have not always been steady. A dip in the growth rate from 1959 – 1960, for instance, was due to the Great Leap Forward in China. During that time, both natural disasters and decreased agricultural output in the wake of massive social reorganization caused China’s death rate to rise sharply and its fertility rate to fall by almost half.

Question21: How many people did the world’s population increase between 1959 and 1999?

A. 3 billion                              B. 6 billion                              C. 40 billion                D. 9 billion

Question 22: Which sentence is true?

A. Population growth in the 20^th century was more than that in the 21^st century.                 

B. Population growth in the 21^st century was more than that in the 20^th century.     

C. The world’s population is dramatically decreasing.                                                                       

D. In 1999, there are about 6 billion people all over the world.

Question 23: The word “require” in line 4 means…………………………………………………..

A.spend                                   B. demand                              C. pass                         D. take

Question 24: The population growth rate decrease due to ………………………………………

A. reductions in mortality

B. early marriage

C. good healthcare

D. the effective use of birth control methods. 

Question 25: In 1959 – 1960, the population growth in China…………………………………….

A. increased rapidly           B. decreased               C. was steady                 D. was unchangable

            Man cannot go on increasing numbers at the present rate. In the next 30 years, man will face a period of crisis. (26) … experts believe that there will be a widespread food (27) … . Other experts think this is too pessimistic, and that man can prevent things from getting worse than they are now. But remember that two-thirds of the people in the world are undernourished or starving now. 

            One thing that man can do is to limit (28) … of babies born. The need (29) … this is obvious, but it is not easy to achieve. People have to be persuaded to limit their families. In the country of the population (30) …, many people like big families. The parents think that this brings a bigger income for the family and ensures there will be someone in the family who will look after them in old age.

26. A. Any                  B. Some                                              C. More                                                           D. All

27. A. need                 B. want                                               C. absence                                           D. shortage

28. A. a number          B. the number             C. an amount                           D. the amount 

29. A. for                    B. in                                        C. of                                                    D. about

30. A. bursting            B. raising                                 C. explosion                                        D. extension

Question 31: We cannot grow enough food to …support…the increasing population. (supportive)

Question 32: Are you interested in doing ……scientific…… research? (science)

Question 33: We must ensure …continuity… of fuel supplies to keep the factories work. (continue)

Question 34: The dolphin …population…. has been decimated by tuna fishing. (populate)

Question 35: Thousands of….supporters….. have travelled to London for the cup final. (support)

Question 36: Our team didn’t lose the match thanks to the goalkeeper

     If it had not been for the goalkeeper, our team would have lost the match.

Question 37:If I weren’t in my 70s and rather unfit, I might consider taking up squash.

     Were I not in my 70s and rather unfit, I might consider taking up squash.

Question 38: I used my calculator; otherwise I’ve taken longer.

     Had I not used my calculator, I would not have taken longer.

Question 39: “If you happen to see the man, send my regards to him,” he said to the girl.

     He said to the girl if she happened to see the man, send his regards to him. 

Question 40: “I wouldn’t have been upset if she had written to me earlier,” the man said.

     The man said he wouldn’t have been upset if she had written to him earlier.