Discussion Board Unit-2 by Meryem Mohamed https://padlet.com/meryemmohamed/run2cz7rz1yfni5v en-us 2020-10-06 22:46:01 UTC 2020-10-13 04:44:42 UTC hello@padlet.com Divisions of ANS meryemmohamed https://padlet.com/meryemmohamed/run2cz7rz1yfni5v/wish/808582757
  • Sympathetic Nervous System: "Fright, Flight, Fight"  (adrenergic system)
  • Parasympathetic Nervous System: "Rest and Digest" (cholinergic system)
    • ]]>     2020-10-06 22:57:21 UTC https://padlet.com/meryemmohamed/run2cz7rz1yfni5v/wish/808582757     Neurotransmitters of SNS and PNS meryemmohamed https://padlet.com/meryemmohamed/run2cz7rz1yfni5v/wish/808583133 Sympathetic:
    1. acetylcholine
    2. norepinephrine
    3. epinephrine
    4. dopamine
    Parasympathetic:
    1. acetylcholine
    ]]>     2020-10-06 22:57:41 UTC https://padlet.com/meryemmohamed/run2cz7rz1yfni5v/wish/808583133     Location Where NT is Released meryemmohamed https://padlet.com/meryemmohamed/run2cz7rz1yfni5v/wish/808583413 Sympathetic:
    • acetylcholine is released at ganglia from presynaptic nerve endings
    • norepinephrine is released from adrenal medulla and neurons at postganglionic nerve endings
    • epinephrine is released from adrenal medulla
    • dopamine is released from postganglionic nerve endings
    Parasympathetic:
    • acetylcholine is released at ganglia from presynaptic nerve endings and postganglionic nerve endings
    ]]>     2020-10-06 22:57:55 UTC https://padlet.com/meryemmohamed/run2cz7rz1yfni5v/wish/808583413     Location of Receptors meryemmohamed https://padlet.com/meryemmohamed/run2cz7rz1yfni5v/wish/808583942 Sympathetic:
    • alpha 1: found glands, smooth muscles, eyes, and most arteries and veins
    • alpha 2: locate don the brain to create parasympathetic response
    • beta 1: located on heart
    • beta 2: located on smooth muscle, lungs, uterus, and blood vessels
    Parasympathetic:
    • muscarinic: found on cardiac, smooth muscles, and glands
    • nicotinic 1 (Nn): found at ganglia of parasympathetic nerves and sympathetic nerves
    • nicotinic 2 (Nm): found on neuromuscular junction of skeleton muscle
    ]]>     2020-10-06 22:58:19 UTC https://padlet.com/meryemmohamed/run2cz7rz1yfni5v/wish/808583942     End Organ Repsonses meryemmohamed https://padlet.com/meryemmohamed/run2cz7rz1yfni5v/wish/808584469 Sympathetic:
    • Adrenal Medulla: release of epinephrine
    • Arteries: vasoconstriction (coronary arteries and skeletal muscle arteries are dilated)
    • Heart: increase in HR and contractility
    • Intestines, GI Motility, and Secretions: decreased
    • Pupil of the Eye: dilation
    • Respiratory Passages: bronchodilation
    • Urinary Bladder: relaxation
    • Urinary Sphincter: contraction
    Parasympathetic:
    • Heart: decrease heart rate and AV conduction
    • Intestines, GI Motility, and Secretions: increased
    • Pupil of the Eye: constriction
    • Respiratory Passages: bronchoconstriction
    • Urinary Bladder: contraction
    • Urinary Sphincter: relaxation
    ]]>     2020-10-06 22:58:43 UTC https://padlet.com/meryemmohamed/run2cz7rz1yfni5v/wish/808584469     Drug Classification for Sympathetic Nervous System (with examples) meryemmohamed https://padlet.com/meryemmohamed/run2cz7rz1yfni5v/wish/808585320
  • Alpha-1 Adrenergic Agonists stimulate Alpha-1 receptors. Smooth muscle contraction and vasoconstriction occurs.
    • EX: ephedrine and phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine®)
  • Adrenergic Agonists stimulate all alpha and beta receptors. Vasoconstriction, cardiac stimulation, and bronchodilation occurs.
    • epinephrine (Adrenalin®)
  • Alpha-1 Adrenergic Blockers bind to and block alpha-1 receptors. Relaxation of smooth muscle and vasodilation occurs.
    • prazosin (Minipress®), terazosin (Hytrin®), and doxazosin (Cardura®)
  • Beta-1 & Beta-2 Adrenergic Agonists stimulate Beta-1 and Beta-2 receptors. Cardiac stimulation, smooth muscle relaxation, and bronchodilation occurs.
    • dobutamine, formoterol (Foradil®), albuterol (Proventil®/Ventolin®), and terbutaline (Brethine®)
  • Selective Beta-1 Adenergic Blockers bind to and block beta-1 receptors. A decrease in FOC, decrease in HR, and decrease of cardiac output occur.
    • atenolol (Tenormin®) and metoprolol (Lopressor®)
  • Non-Selective Beta Blockers bind to and block beta-1 and beta-2 receptors. A decrease in FOC, decrease in HR, and decrease of cardiac output occur.
    • nadolol (Corgard®), propanolol (Inderol®), and timolol (Blocadren®)
    • ]]>     2020-10-06 22:59:27 UTC https://padlet.com/meryemmohamed/run2cz7rz1yfni5v/wish/808585320     Drug Classification for Parasympathetic Nervous System (with examples) meryemmohamed https://padlet.com/meryemmohamed/run2cz7rz1yfni5v/wish/823582417
  • Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists stimulate muscarinic receptors. They can be used for increasing urinary tract function and pupil constriction.
    • EX: acetylcholine, pilocarpine (Pilocar®), and bethanechol (Urecholine®)
  • Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists, also called anticholinesterases, allow the accumulation of ACH at cholinergic receptors by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase. 
    • neostigimine (Prostigmin®)
  • Anticholinergics, or parasympatholytic drugs, bind to and block cholinergic receptors. They act as blockers for ACH.
    • atropine and dicyclomine (Bentyl®)
    • ]]>     2020-10-13 04:03:27 UTC https://padlet.com/meryemmohamed/run2cz7rz1yfni5v/wish/823582417