https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6 en-us 2023-01-13 18:13:24 UTC 2023-01-18 18:21:59 UTC hello@padlet.com smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443913984 2023-01-13 18:17:12 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443913984 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443915263 2023-01-13 18:18:12 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443915263 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443915429 2023-01-13 18:18:24 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443915429 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443915572 2023-01-13 18:18:34 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443915572 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443915721 2023-01-13 18:18:43 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443915721 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443916060 2023-01-13 18:19:05 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443916060 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443916198 2023-01-13 18:19:13 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443916198 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443916319 2023-01-13 18:19:21 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443916319 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443916749 2023-01-13 18:19:50 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443916749 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443916924 2023-01-13 18:20:00 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2443916924 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444818639 Japanese nationalists wanted Japan to expand its empire into Manchuria. Manchuria was rich in coal and iron and its people could buy Japanese goods and be a source of cheap labor. Japan did not have many resources. Most food had to be imported. To pay for nice Japan imported silk. China did not have a law and order. For Japan the gateway to China was Manchuria, Japan already had commercial rights to railway and a guards to watch it. Japan believed they had to fight so they would not lose all rights and interests in the country. ]]> 2023-01-15 16:26:59 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444818639 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444818737 Stresa Front was caused by Germany's declaration to build ups its air force, increase the size of its army, and mandate people to join national service. All of which were direct violations of the Treaty of Versailles. It was an agreement made it between Britain, France, and Italy to attempt to limit Hitler's power. ]]> 2023-01-15 16:27:10 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444818737 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444818861 The Hoare-Laval Pact was initially a secret proposal between France and Britain to end the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. Italy attempted to seize the power of the independent nation of Abyssinia (Ethiopia) as a part of the Italian Empire. ]]> 2023-01-15 16:27:25 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444818861 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444820583 The First Italo-Ethiopian War was fought between Italy and Ethiopia from 1895 to 1896, and originated from the dispute about the Treaty of Wuchale. The Italians claimed Ethiopia as an Italian protectorate. However, Italy was unsuccessful in their attempt to conquer. Ethiopia was one of the few independent states in a European imperialized Africa. A border incident between Ethiopian and Italian Somalia gave Benito Mussolini an excuse to intervene with Ethiopia once again. After rejecting any and all arbitration offers, the Italians invaded Ethiopia on October 3rd, 1935. ]]> 2023-01-15 16:29:45 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444820583 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444820869 After the end WWI, the Rhineland was occupied by Allied forces. Under the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was forbidden from having their military from entering all territories west of the Rhineland or within 50 km east of it. The Locarno Treaties maintained the demilitarized status of the Rhineland. After the Nazis took power of Germany in 1933, they worked towards remilitarizing the Rhineland. ]]> 2023-01-15 16:29:57 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444820869 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444821146 The Japanese Invasion of China, also known as the Second Sino-Japanese War. Japan invaded China for a few reasons. Japan needed more raw materials to create industry, they intended to get these materials by whatever needs necessary, including taking over Asia. The Japanese military and nationalism were becoming stronger and more popular. In 1937, Japan occupied what is now Beijing and Nanjing. During their occupation of Nanjing, Japan's army committed what is know as the Rape of Nanking. A mass murder of 200,000 Chinese civilians. After six weeks the Japanese army left Nanjing and occupied the industrial cities in the South of China. Many soldiers died on both sides. However, in 1940, China began to fight back harder, in response, Japan continued their attempt to take over the country. 

]]> 2023-01-15 16:30:14 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444821146 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444821588 Hitler threatened to unleash a European war because he wanted control of Sudetenland, a border area of Czechoslovakia containing an ethnic German majority. Hitler wanted the area surrendered to Germany. The leaders of Britain, France, and Italy made a treaty together without imput from Czechoslovakia. The leaders agreed to let Germany annex the Sudetenland in exchange for a pledge of peace by Hitler. Czechoslovakia agreed under significant pressure from Britain, France and Italy. ]]> 2023-01-15 16:30:38 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444821588 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444821831 The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere (GEACPS) was a concept aimed at creating a self-sufficient bloc of Asian nations, free from rule of western power, led by Japan. It was used by Japan as an excuse to justify Japanese aggression in 1930s. ]]> 2023-01-15 16:30:53 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444821831 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444821989 Tensions were high before Pearl Harbor between Japan and the United States. The US froze Japan's assets in response to Japan's continued invasion of French Indochina. This meant that no more oil could be sold to Japan. This resulted in Japan's loss of access to 3/4s of overseass trade and 88% of imported oil. Oil reserves would only last less than two years of war. ]]> 2023-01-15 16:31:04 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444821989 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444822599 Japan took control of the South Manchurian Railway in 1905 after Russo-Japanese War. The Kwantung Army was established in 1906 to guard the South Manchurian Railway after the Russo-Japanese war. Many leaders advocated an aggressive expansionist foreign policy, but the world did not want that so soon after WWI. In response to Japan's invasion of Manchuria, China appealed to the League of Nations in 1931. The Lytton Commission investigated the Manchurian Incident; found both China and Japan guilty, and said that Manchukuo would not be recognized. A motion to condemn Japan as an aggressor nation led Japan to walk out of the League of Nations in 1933 and never return. ]]> 2023-01-15 16:31:25 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444822599 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444822810 Signatories agreed to resist any future attempts by the Germans to violate the Treaty of Versailles. However, the Stresa Front did not stop Hitler from arming Germany's military. The breakdown of the Stresa Front led to Hitler to flaunt the Treaty of Versailles and become more aggressive in his foreign policy. The Stresa Front aimed to reaffirm the conditions on the Locarno Treaties, declare Austria's independence, and stop Nazi Germany from altering the terms of the Treaty of Versailles but failed at all of them. ]]> 2023-01-15 16:31:34 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444822810 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444822903 Many in the League of Nations were against the expansion of the Italian Empire, they installed strong sanctions against Italy in hopes of discouraging Nazi Germany from attempting something similar. ]]> 2023-01-15 16:31:39 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444822903 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444824161 The Secon Italo-Ethiopian War, also known as the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, was a war of aggression fought between Italy and Ethiopia from 1935 to 1937. The war can be seen as an example of the expansionist policy of the Axis Powers and the lack of effectiveness of the League of Nations before WWII. Italian troops used mustard gas in aerial bombs, a direct violation of the Geneva Conventions. They did so to discourage the Ethiopian people from supporting the resistance. The Italians also used aggressive forces to attack ambulances and hospitals. It is estimated by hundreds of thousands of Ethiopians died as a result of the Italian invasion. Some historians describe the Italian invasion as constituting genocide. ]]> 2023-01-15 16:32:51 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444824161 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444824235 Germany's remilitarization of the Rhineland began in March of 1936. Remilitarizing the Rhineland changed the power balance in Europe from the allies to Germany. This allowed Germany to pursue a policy of aggression, of which had been blocked by the demilitarized status of the Rhineland. Germany's military forces entered the Rhineland, which was a direct violation of the Treaty of Versailles and the Locarno Treaties. France and Britain were not prepared for a military response and therefore they did not act. World powers were worried about Hitler's acts of aggression but did not act when he violated treaties. This fed his need for more aggression and power because he was not worried about someone stopping him. The fact that Britain and France did not intervene made Hitler believe that neither country would get in the way of Nazi foreign policy. ]]> 2023-01-15 16:33:02 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444824235 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444824325 The war ended in August of 1945 after the United States detonated nuclear weapons over Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The same bombs that led to the end of World War II. Russian troops suppress Japanese troops in Manchuria and Japanese forces were ordered to surrender. The war left China politically unsettled, economically exhausted, and scarred from human suffering. This led China to a stage where a civil war between the Nationals and the Communists was extremely likely. ]]> 2023-01-15 16:33:14 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444824325 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444824682 The consequences of the Munich Pact was the forced ceding of the Sudetenland to Germany. Thus Czechoslovakia lost a third of its territory along with a third of its citizens. Nazi Germany gained large industrial capacities without fighting. In addition, social disruption ensued which led to the dismantling of the democratic establishment of the ceding of more areas to Poland and Hungary. Of which ultimately creation of the Slovak State and the German occupation of Czechia and Moravia . ]]> 2023-01-15 16:33:54 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444824682 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444824751 Japan wanted to occupy Indochina (Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam) and was able to occupy the entire area by July 1941. In response, the US froze all Japanese assets, including stocks, bank deposits, and ships. In addition they also banned the sale of oil to Japan and gave $240 million to China for military purchases. ]]> 2023-01-15 16:34:05 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444824751 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444824822 Japan's goal of the attack on Pearl Harbor was to prevent US Pacific fleet from interfering in Japan's planned invasions of South East Asia. In addition over 2400 Americans were killed. Prior to the attack on Pearl Harbor the United States attempted to remain neutral in WWII. However, this attack led to the US' involvement in the second world war. ]]> 2023-01-15 16:34:15 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2444824822 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447307259 2023-01-17 18:28:42 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447307259 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447308386 2023-01-17 18:29:19 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447308386 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447309206 2023-01-17 18:29:44 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447309206 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447310805 2023-01-17 18:30:50 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447310805 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447311936 2023-01-17 18:31:40 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447311936 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447318484 The economic crisis of the 1920s and 1930s was when Italian fascism emerged. There were tensions with over pay and work conditions that landowning farmers and socialist workers had conflict over. Mussolini and Fascists ideology formed street fighting groups called the blackshirts to support landowners. The fascists used fighting to gain power in the region when the government could not help the conflict. The fascists had attacked throughout the region and defeated the socialists. Mussolini's war against Ethiopia in 1935 brought race into focus as a Fascist concern.]]> 2023-01-17 18:35:40 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447318484 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447318721 A Provisional Government was established under the liberal and social-democratic government, but the Bolsheviks refused to accept the government and revolted in October 1917, taking control of Russia. Vladimir Lenin, their leader, rose to power and governed between 1917 and 1924.]]> 2023-01-17 18:35:48 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447318721 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447319004 Japan did not want to be colonized like its neighbor China. They wanted to build an empire of their own. Japan had a close relationship between civilian and military authority. Japan did not put elected officials in charge of their military, instead, they gave all the power to their emperor. This allowed the military to act without answering to a civilian government. The military inspired national pride by claiming victories in wars. The lack of civilian government also meant that the military could come up with its own colonial policies. Japan had raised military power and used it for political gain.]]> 2023-01-17 18:35:58 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447319004 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447319489 Britain and France not using force or dismissing Hitler's actions when he went against the Treaty of Versailles and violated LON policies due to some believing the Treat of Versailles was unfair to Germany, and some being scared of Hitler or averting war. ]]> 2023-01-17 18:36:18 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447319489 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447319914 When Mussolini seized power, Fascists had hoped to take over the Italian state completely. The compromises with conservatives and liberal elites put up too many obstacles for this plan to succeed. The result was that while authoritarian, it was never really totalitarian within the territory of Italy.]]> 2023-01-17 18:36:38 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447319914 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447320082 Rule by communist parties has often led to totalitarianism, political repression, restrictions of human rights, poor economic performance, and cultural and artistic censorship.

]]> 2023-01-17 18:36:46 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447320082 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447320429 Japanese expansion led to a gain in resources, but they struggled to control their new empire economically. They economic system was similar to Stalin's "controlled economy" in the Soviet Union. In both systems the state had some control over the economy in the name of national strength. The economy model started in Manchuria but quickly spread across all of Japan and its colonies. Over time the lines between state and military were completely gone. The empire, including Japan became a military state. Similar to the Nazi Germany, Japan believed in ethic and racial superiority. Similar to the Italian Fascists, the Japanese imperialists also depicted their conquests as savior missions to help "civilize" people seen as inferior. ]]> 2023-01-17 18:37:03 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447320429 smainastudent https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447320911 One consequence of Appeasement was the Anglo-German Naval agreement (1935): Britain and France allowed Germany to rebuild the military after Stresa Front. The other consequence of Appeasement was that Germany sent troops into Rhineland (1936). France lodged a complaint with the League of Nation, however, Britain said that it was not in a position to back France in a conflict with Germany. Hitler also attempted to unify Austria and Germany. ]]> 2023-01-17 18:37:24 UTC https://padlet.com/smainastudent/rppso495feyok8y6/wish/2447320911