Genetics and viruses mind map by Huda Fatima

DNA polymerase

hf251_ — 2024-03-27 20:16:04 UTC

The DNA polymerase is where the base is and it is responsible for synthesizing the upcoming DNA strands and does the jobs of adding nucleotides to the strands

Replication Fork

hf251_ — 2024-03-27 20:16:14 UTC

The replication fork is when the DNA gets unwinged and the replication takes place, the DNA strands go different ways and become synthesized relating to the DNA polymerase.

Okazaki fragments

hf251_ — 2024-03-27 20:17:03 UTC

The Okazaki fragment is the small/short fragment of the DNA that has been synthesized. The fragments combine with the ligase to become one solid strand.

5' to 3'

hf251_ — 2024-03-27 20:17:13 UTC

The 5' to 3' is where the direction of the DNA is heading. The DNA polymerase has the ability to add nucleotides and it does add the 3' by the end of the strand to it can be 5'3 and synthesize.

Ligase

hf251_ — 2024-03-27 20:17:25 UTC

The ligase is like the glue in our systems and it joins the fragments together with the lagging strand.

RNA primer

hf251_ — 2024-03-27 20:17:34 UTC

The RNA primer binds the DNA polymerase to be able to start the replication. The nucleotides that were synthetized are at the start while the primer adds DNA nucleotides to elongate.

helicase

hf251_ — 2024-03-27 20:17:50 UTC

The helicase is what unwinds the double helix and it connects to the replication fork because after unwinding the strands it lets the replication occur.

primase

hf251_ — 2024-03-27 20:19:46 UTC

Primase is the enzyme that synthesizes the RNA when replication happens and is like staring point.

mutation

hf251_ — 2024-03-27 20:20:08 UTC

Mutation is a change in our genetic code that may have occurred spontaneously or in our DNA processes.

semiconservative

hf251_ — 2024-03-27 20:20:29 UTC

is a process where the DNA strands come together with the original strand of DNA. the transcription needs to be semiconservative to limit the chance of mutation, and for it to start/end properly.

transcription

hf251_ — 2024-03-27 20:20:40 UTC

Transcription occurs when RNA molecules and DNA molecules come together and form the "base"

translation

hf251_ — 2024-03-27 20:20:44 UTC

translation happens when the mRNA is being synthesized proteins.

Viruses

hf251_ — 2024-05-05 21:20:09 UTC

Viruses contain DNA or RNA and in that mutations may occur causing the diffrent strains

Genetics and Viruses

hf251_ — 2024-05-05 21:28:44 UTC

Bacteriophage

hf251_ — 2024-05-05 21:32:19 UTC

viruses use bacteriophages for replication

Reverse transcriptions

hf251_ — 2024-05-05 21:33:10 UTC

Hepatitis virus uses this to transcripit

Viral Proteins

hf251_ — 2024-05-05 21:37:09 UTC

Host RNA polymerase transcribes mRNa frm viral DNA to make viral proteins

Host

hf251_ — 2024-05-05 21:39:01 UTC

Pathogen/virus needs a host to spread and use cells from the host to create the perfect environment. ( animals, humans and plants )

Reassortment

hf251_ — 2024-05-05 21:44:21 UTC

viruses with segmented genomes such as the flu ( influenza) exchange genetic material.

Genetic shift

hf251_ — 2024-05-05 21:46:50 UTC

two different viruses come together and cause a viral outbreak that leads to pandemics and epidemics

antigenic drift

hf251_ — 2024-05-05 21:48:28 UTC

This is a mutation when there are changed in the protein causing the drift for a certain virus ( influenza)

viral replication

hf251_ — 2024-05-05 21:56:41 UTC

viruses do not replicate on their own they use the cells from the host protein synthesis to continue the reproduction.

DNA viruses

hf251_ — 2024-05-05 22:11:23 UTC

these viruses comprise their hosts cell and sneak their genome in. Hepatitis B, parvovirus, etc..,