A particular characteristic that can produce a particular type of behaviour.

^{"His humour sense is one of his better traits"}

The surroundings or conditons in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates.

Countable e.g:

_{"Children need safe and supportive environments to thrive."}

Uncountable e.g:

_{"We must protect the environment".}

A short form of a word or phrase.

_{"Every country in the world is assigned a two-letter abreviattion".}

To come near or nearer to something or someone in space, time, quality, or amount.

_{"In my opinion, no other composers even begin to approach Mozart".}

The state of having no protection from something harmful.

_{"You should always limit your exposure to the sun".}

A collection or mass, especially of something that cannot be counted.

_{"They didn't deliver the right amount of sand".}

To damage or destroy equipment, weapons, or buildings in order to prevent the success of an enemy or competitor.

_{"He accused the opposition of trying to sabotage the election".}

Pretending to be someone else, especially as part of learning a new skill.

Countable e.g:

_{"This role-play helped me practice difficult conversations".}

Uncountable e.g:

_{"Role-play is an effective method for learning languages".}

The occurrence and development of events by chance in a happy or beneficial way.

^{_{"Disneyland is a place of imagination, stories, and serendipity".}}

(Of a person) Friendly and socially confident.

_{"She has a really outgoing personality".}

To love, protect, and care for someone or something that is important to you.

_{"Although I cherish my children, I do allow them their independence".}

Thin and delicate often in a way that is attractive.

_{"He put his hands around her slender waist".}

Having curves (Woman).

_{"Try the push-up to create a curvy chest".}

To move very quickly and easily through the air especially down from a high position in order to attack.

_{"Like owls, they swoop down to pounce on their prey".}

To come close together in a group, for example because it is cold.

_{"The players huddle before every game to discuss strategy."}

A loose outer piece of clothing without sleeves, that fastens at the neck, and is worn instead of a coat.

_{"This cloak is made of cotton and has a hood".}

Having too many things to deal with at once.

_{"You know I'm swamped with the governor's case".}

Dying because of not having enough food.

_{"Millions of people in the world are malnourished and starving".}

Moving or operating more slowly than usual and with less energy or power.

_{"I felt a big tired, sluggish and generally not really motivated".}

Extremely funny and causing a lot of laughter.

_{"This is a game with hilarious scenes and funny characters".}

Waste material or things that are no longer wanted or needed.

_{"I forgot to put the rubbish out this morning".}

A piece of clothing that covers the lower part of the body from the waist to the feet.

_{"These trousers are available in the colors blue and natural".}

A square of thick soft paper or cloth that is fastened around a baby's bottom and between its legs to absorb its urine and solid waste.

_{"She was changing the baby's nappy".}

A long strip of sea between steep hills, found especially in Norway.

_{"Travelers are voting Geirangerfjord as the best fjord near Stranda".}

A narrow piece of land with water on each side that joins two larger areas of land.

_{"We have not achieved that on both sides of the isthmus".}

(Of a voice or a person) Having a rough voice, often because of a sore throat or a cold.

_{"Your voice may be a little hoarse for the first week".}

The mouth and nose of an animal, especially a dog.

_{"The dog had a scar on its muzzle".}

An extremely infectious disease that causes a fever, spots on the skin, and often death.

_{"Imagine that in those days was an outbreak of smallpox".}

To pull something quickly and usually with a lot of force.

_{"You can't play tug of war with the Earth".}

An ancient imaginary creature with a lion's body and a person's head.

_{"The symbols include sphinx, Cleopatra, mummy and others".}

To move quickly just above a surface without touching it.

_{"The boat skimmed across the lake at high speed".}

A stick of this rock or a similar substance used for writing or drawing.

_{"Take this piece of chalk and write on the blackboard".}

A substance that becomes hard as it dries and is used especially for spreading on walls and ceilings in order to give a smooth surface.

_{"The interior is decorated with marble, mosaics, plaster and wood".}

A board on a wall on which notices can be put.

_{"I saw on the bulletin board that you won something".}

A temporary feeling that your sense of balance is not good and that you may fall down.

_{"A side effect of many medicines is nausea and dizziness".}

A small tool with two handles for holding or pulling small things or for cutting wire.

_{"Well, we lost the pliers and your pocket knife".}

A main meal eaten in the evening.

_{"My wife would be delighted to have company for supper".}

An uncomfortable feeling on the skin that makes you want to rub it with your nails.

_{"I just had a little itch, that's all".}

A hard, pale brown, round bean that can be cooked and eaten.

_{"Cut into slices and serve with the chickpea puree".}

A small line in the skin caused by old age.

_{"Find a selection of anti wrinkle products to treat your skin".}

A place where three or more roads join and traffic must go around a circular area in the middle, rather than straight across.

_{"We took the second exit at the roundabout to get to the mall".}

Someone who establishes an organization.

_{"He is the founder of KFC".}

A line that has been agreed to divide one country from another.

_{"The border of these countries is marked to the sea".}

A small piece of paper with a picture or pattern on it that is stuck onto a letter or package before it is posted, to show that the cost of sending it has been paid.

_{"Small blue stamp on the last page of the text".}

A long motor vehicle with comfortable seats, used to take groups of people on journeys.

_{(In US is more common bus)}

_{"Films are provided during the coach trip to keep you entertained".}

The bags, suitecases, etc. that contain your possessions and that you take with you when you are travelling.

_{"She carried her luggage onto the airplane".}

Not done or happening when expected or when needed; late.

_{"And you're long overdue for a rest".}

A dark grey rock that can be easily divided into thin pieces, or a small, thin piece of this used to cover a roof.

Countable e.g:

_{"The roof is made of slates".}

Uncountable e.g:

_{"Slate is a common material used in construction".}

The activity of sitting in the sun to make your skin darker.

_{"We will enjoy doing crossings or just walking and sunbathing".}

A shelter made of canvas or a similar material and supported by poles and ropes, that you can fold up and carry with you.

_{"This tent is suitable for 8 people and their luggage".}

(Of a slope) Rising or falling at a sharp angle.

_{"It's a steep climb to the top of the mountain, but the view is worth it".}

Knowledge that something exists, or understanding of a situation or subject at the present time based on information or experience.

_{"Currently public awareness about the dangers of smoking are low".}

A holiday taken by a couple immediately after their marriage.

_{"A picture of my grandparents on their honeymoon".}

The activity of travelling while carrying your clothes and other things that you need in a backpack, usually not spending very much money and staying in places that are not expensive.

_{"Pick a general destination for your backpacking trip".}

A condition giving a greater chance of success.

Countable e.g:

_{"One advantage of living in the city is the proximity to shops".}

Uncountable e.g:

_{"He played with skill and advantage".}

An area like a wide wall built near the edge of the sea or a river where ships can be tied and goods can be taken off them.

_{"Transfer in the morning from your hotel to the river wharf".}

(Of a place) It is full of people.

_{"The train was so crowded that I couldn't find a seat".}

To take a person away illegally by force, usually in order to demand money in exchange for releasing them.

_{"Criminals sometimes kidnap people for reward".}

A small, simple building, usually consisting of one room.

_{"There's a little hut next to the lake".}

A small pool of liquid on the ground, especially from rain.

_{"The child jumped into a puddle and got his shoes wet".}

Used to refer to something or someone who has been made very famous, especially by having many stories written about it, him, or her.

(A synonyn that is more common is "Legendary")

_{"They stayed at a fabled hotel known for its luxury and history".}

A drawing that shows information in a simple way, often using lines and curves to show amounts.

_{"Each bar in the chart represents a range of scores".}

To go down into, or stay in, a position where one or both knees are on the ground.

Past simple: "knelt"

Past participle: "knelt"

_{"They kneel to pray every night".}

A large amount of money that is demanded in exchange for someone who has been taken prisoner, or sometimes for an animal.

_{"The kidnappers demanded ransom in exchange for the hostages".}

To make clothes, etc. by using two long needles to conect wool or another type of thread into joined rows.

Past simple: "knit" (Irregular form)

Past participle: "knit" (Irregular form)

_{"I am learning how to knit socks".}

Something that someone wears to hide their true appearance.

_{"She wore a wig and sunglasses as a disguise".}

To put someone in prison.

_{"They imprison dangerous criminals to protect society".}

A priest of high rank who is in charge of the priests of lower rank in a particular area.

_{"The bishop wore a purple robe".}

(Especially of a priest or minister in a church) to give a religious speech.

_{"He loves to preach on Sundays".}

To have something in the throat that prevents breathing.

_{"He started to choke on a piece of meat"}

To comfort someone and stop them from worrying.

_{"I reassure my friends when they are nervous".}

A large pipe, usually underground, that is used for carrying waste water and human waste away from buildings to a place where they can be safely got rid of.

_{"The city is repairing the old sewer lines".}

To cause someone to feel sudden strong emotion.

_{"Stress overwhelms her every day".}

To walk with intentionally heavy steps, especially as a way of showing that you are annoyed.

_{"I always stomp when I'm frustrated".}

The part of the body between the hand and the arm.

_{"She wears a gold bracelet on her wrist".}

To reach a decision or an agreement about something, or to end a disagreement.

_{"They settle their differences quickly".}

When children are naughty, or their behaviour is naughty, they behave badly or do not do what they are told to do.

_{"The naughty child his his toys under the bed".}

Making you feel fear.

_{"The movie was so frightening that I couldn't sleep afterward".}

One of two beds attached together, one on top of the other.

_{"He slept on the top bunk".}

A large amount of money or valuable possessions that someone has.

_{"Scrooge McDuck is swimming in his wealth".}

A brightly coloured bird of the parrot family found in Central and South America.

_{"When we went to the zoo, we saw a macaw".}

The small, red or green seed case from particular types of pepper plant that is used to make some foods spicy.

_{"I don't like chillies in my food".}

To hold the attention of someone by being extremely interesting, exciting, pleasant, or attractive.

_{"His voice captivated everyone in the room".}

To decorate food with a small amount of different food.

_{"They always garnish the dish with strawberry slices".}

A plant with many small branches growing either directly from the ground or from a hard stem, giving the plant a rounded shape.

_{"There's a rose bush in front of the house".}

The point, area, or line that is formed by the meeting of two lines, surfaces, roads, etc.

_{"The bookstore is on the corner of Main Street and First Avenue".}

An insect with wings that is similar to a butterfly, usually flies at night, and is attracted to light.

_{"A moth flew into the room when I opened the window".}

(A piece of) thin metal thread with a layer of plastic around it, used for carrying electric current.

_{"The electrician connected the light using a copper wire".}

An injury or mark where the skin has not been broken but is darker in colour, often as a result of being hit by something.

_{"Yesterday I fell and got a bruise on my knee".}

To allow air from the stomach to come out noisily through the mouth.

_{"She tried not belch during the dinner".}

A device for supporting a broken or damaged arm in which the arm is held in front of the body in a piece of cloth that is tied around the neck.

_{"He needs to wear a sling for a few week".}

A toy that makes a noise like a series of knocks.

_{"She gave the baby a rattle to keep him entertained".}

Rain in very small, light drops.

_{"The picnic was ruined by an unexpected drizzle".}

To get out of bed and walk around while you are sleeping.

_{"I sometimes sleepwalk when I'm stressed".}

A short period when a situation or activity is different from what comes before and after it.

_{"She took a short interlude from work to focus on her mental health".}

Having or showing the ability to make good judgments, based on a deep understanding and experience of life.

_{"Einstein’s wise words on peace and education continue to inspire generations around the world".}

The window at the front of a car, truck, etc.

_{"The windscreen was covered in frost this morning".}

A building with a roof and sides made of glass, used for growing plants that need warmth and protection.

_{"The greenhouse keeps the plants warm even during winter".}

Grass that is cut and dried and used as animal food.

_{"The horses were happily eating fresh hay in the field".}

A large organ in the body that cleans the blood and produces bile, or this organ from an animal used as meat.

Countable e.g:

_{"The doctor said his liver was damaged".}

Uncountable e.g:

_{"I don’t like eating liver".}

Used to describe a person whose husband or wife has died.

_{"He has been widowed for five years".}

A lot of rain in a short time.

_{"We got caught in a sudden downpour without an umbrella".}

To wish that you had something that another person has.

_{"I envy your talent".}

To have a very strong feeling of wanting something.

_{"I often crave chocolate late at night".}

To touch someone lightly with your fingers, making them slightly uncomfortable and often making them laugh.

_{"Don't tickle me, I can't stop laughing!"}

Someone who is not suited to a situation or who is not accepted by other people because their behaviour is strange or unusual.

_{"He always felt like a misfit in school because of his unique interests".}

A very strong feeling of no respect for someone or something that you think is stupid or has no value.

_{"She spoke of him with scorn".}

To take hold of something or someone suddenly and roughly.

_{"He grabbed his friend so he wouldn’t fall".}

A piece of rope, chain, etc. tied to an animal, especially to a dog at its collar when taking it for a walk.

_{"The dog pulled hard on the leash"}

To throw something carelessly.

_{"Let’s toss the dice to see who goes first".}

Either of a pair of small organs in the body that take away waste matter from the blood to produce urine.

_{"The human body has two kidneys".}

(Especially of moving objects) To hit something violently.

_{"Two cars collided at the intersection".}

Very pleasant, attractive, or enjoyable.

_{"Despite his charming looks, his attitude was far from delightful".}

A close connection joining two or more people.

_{"There’s a strong bond between a mother and her child".}

To make a large jump or sudden movement, usually from one place to another.

Past simple: "leapt"

Past participle: "leapt"

_{"It was a risky move, but he leap}

_{ed the gap between the two cliffs".}

A damaged area of the body, such as a cut or hole in the skin or flesh made by a weapon.

_{"The soldier had a deep wound on his leg".}

A round handle that you turn to open a door.

_{"He replaced the broken doorknob with a new one".}

A person who sees an event happening, especially a crime or an accident.

_{"She was called as a witness in the trial".}

To pull something, especially with a sudden movement, in order to remove it.

_{"I like to pluck the petals off daisies when I’m thinking".}

The time before night when it is not yet dark.

_{"The sky turned a deep orange at dusk".}

A name or symbol on a product that shows it was made by a particular company, and that it cannot be used by other companies without permission.

_{"The Nike swoosh is a globally recognized trademark".}

To risk money on the result of an event or a competition, such as a horse race, in the hope of winning more money.

Past simple: "bet"

Past participle: "bet"

_{"He bet everything he had and lost it all".}

To surround and cover something or someone completely.

_{"The tsunami engulfed the coastal villages".}

A piece of cloth that is used for removing dust from furniture, books, surfaces, etc.

_{"The maid used a duster to remove the cobwebs from the corners".}

Small, white pieces of dead skin from the head that collect in the hair or fall on the clothes.

_{"She uses a special shampoo to treat her dandruff".}

A very poor and crowded area, especially of a city.

_{"The slum conditions were unhealthy and overcrowded".}

To spread a thick or sticky liquid on something or to cover something with a thick or sticky liquid, often quickly or carelessly.

_{"She daubed paint all over the canvas".}

To (cause something or someone to) go down below the surface or to the bottom of a liquid or soft substance.

Past simple: "sank"

Past participle: "sunk"

_{"Boats sink when they take on too much water".}

A part of something, especially a large part.

_{"Ella cortó el queso en pequeños trozos".}

A place, often next to a church, where dead people are buried.

_{"The old graveyard behind the church is over 200 years old".}

Mentally ill.

_{"She sounded completely unhinged when he started yelling at everyone".}

A strip of leather or material worn around the waist to support clothes or for decoration.

_{"I bought a new belt yesterday".}

To fail to notice or consider something or someone.

_{"I overlooked the mistake".}

To speak angrily to someone because you disapprove of what they have said or done.

_{"He rebukes her employees when they don’t follow the rules".}

The ability to use your knowledge and experience to make good decisions and judgments.

_{"With age comes wisdom".}

A flag in the shape of a triangle.

_{"She bought a colorful pennant at the baseball game as a souvenir".}

A sudden painful tightening in a muscle, often after a lot of exercise, that limits movement.

Countable e.g:

_{"I had a cramp in my leg while swimming".}

Uncountable e.g:

_{"Cramp can make it difficult to sleep".}

Not interesting or exciting in any way.

_{"She has a dull job in an office with no windows".}

A screw-like metal object without a point, used with a nut to fasten things together.

_{"The chair is loose because a bolt is missing".}

A person who is present at a sports competition in order to make certain that the rules of that particular game are obeyed and to judge if particular actions are acceptable.

_{"The umpires discussed the play before making the final decision".}