https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF CHEMISTRY FORM 5 CHAPTER 5 CONSUMER AND INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY en-us 2021-08-26 05:05:35 UTC 2023-04-21 15:56:23 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f370.png https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698033686 1. Preservatives
 Function :
Prevent or delay the growth of   
bacteria or fungi to make the food last longer
Examples :
- Vinegar in pickles 
- Sugar in Jams
- Common salt in dried fish

]]> 2021-08-26 07:30:06 UTC https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698033686 https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698038435 2. Flavourings
Function :
Add flavour or fragrant smell to make food tastier
Examples : 
- Monosodium glutamate (MSG) in instant noodles
- Sorbitol (sweetener)
- Esters such as propyl ethanoate (pear flavour)

]]> 2021-08-26 07:33:18 UTC https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698038435 https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698049296 3. Thickeners
Function :
Thicken liquids
Examples :
- Starch , acacia gum and xanthan gum are used to thicken soups and sauces

]]> 2021-08-26 07:40:52 UTC https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698049296 https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698054830 -Allergies
- Cancer 
- Asthma
- Nerve disorder]]> 2021-08-26 07:44:38 UTC https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698054830 https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698080678 1) Stabilisers 
• Give uniformed & smooth texture 
• eg; 
   - pectin as jam thickener
   - agar from seaweed to make jellies

2) Thickeners
• thicken liquids
• e.g;
   - starch, gelatine, acacia & xanthan   gum used to thicken soup & sauces

3) Emulsifiers
• emulsify 2 immiscible liquids
• e.g;
   - Monoglycerides / triglycerides in peanut butter 
   - Lecithin in chocolates 

Adverse effect & health problems :
- Allergies 
- asthma
- cancer]]> 2021-08-26 08:05:25 UTC https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698080678 m4186577 https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698082088 Food additives are natural or synthetic ingredients added to food to prevent damage or to improve the appearance, taste, or texture.

Types of Food Additives:
1) Antioxidants
Function: Slow down the oxidation of fats and prevent oily/greasy food from becoming rancid.
Examples: Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) in sweets, Citric acid, and Tocopherol (Vitamin E).

2) Stabilisers:
Function: Give uniformed and smooth texture.
Examples: Pectin, Agar from seaweed, and Alginic acid.

3) Emulsifiers:
Function: Emulsify two immiscible liquids.
Examples: Monoglycerides, Lecithin, and Triglycerides.

Adverse effects and Health Problems:
1) Damage to brain nerves
2) Increased risk of cancer
3) Causes Irritated Bowel Disorder
4) Increased risk of heart diseases
5) Causes Allergies

]]> 2021-08-26 08:06:44 UTC https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698082088 https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698114418 Types:
1)emulsifiers
2)dyes
3)flavourings
Effects:
1) Allergies
2) Cancer 
3) Nerve disorder]]> 2021-08-26 08:32:03 UTC https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698114418 https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698119634 2021-08-26 08:36:25 UTC https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698119634 m2916782 https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698141582 1. Dyes
 <sub>[To add / restore colour to make the food look attractive & delicious] 

 Examples;
§ Paprika (reddish viscous liquid)
 § Annatto (make either yellow/orange colour)
 § Lycopene (make deep red colour)

 Dyes' Adverse Effects or Health Problems
    !!  Hyperactivity, include ADHD  !!
                 !!  Tumor growth !!</sub>


2. Emulsifiers
<sub>[Acts as a border between two immiscible liquids, allows to be blended into stable emulsions]

Examples;
-Mustard
-Polysorbates
-Canola oils

Emulsifiers' Adverse Effects or Health Problems
!!  May damage the intestinal barrier  !! (which leads to inflammation)
!!  Increase risks on getting chronic diseases  !!</sub>


3. Stabilisers <sub>[To give uniformed and smooth texture]

Examples;
*Algibate
*Cellulose and cellulose derivatives
*Gelatin

Stabilisers' Adverse Effects or Health Problems
        !!   Nausea  !!    !!  Bloating  !!



Some Adverse Effects / Health Problems caused by Food Additives
# Diarrhoe, Insomnia, Rhinitis, Sinusitis, Swelling skins</sub>


]]> 2021-08-26 08:56:11 UTC https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698141582 m7888759 https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698146386 2021-08-26 09:00:30 UTC https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698146386 https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698178289 1) Stabilisers
Function : Give uniformed and smooth texture
Examples : Pectin to thicken jams
                    Agar from seaweed to make jellies
                    Locust bean gum

2) Emulsifiers
Function : Emulsify two immiscible liquids
Examples : Monoglycerides in peanut butter
                   Triglycerides in peanut butter
                   Lecithin in chocolates

3) Dyes
Function : Add or restore colour to make food look attractive and delicious
Examples : Azo compounds to give yellow, red, brown or black colours
                    Triphenyl compounds
                    Caramel

Effects/ Health Problems

• Digestive disorders – diarrhoea and colicky pains
• Nervous disorders – hyperactivity, insomnia and irritability
• Respiratory problems – asthma, rhinitis and sinusitis
• Skin problems – hives, itching, rashes and swelling.

]]> 2021-08-26 09:31:43 UTC https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698178289 https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698264178 2021-08-26 11:12:50 UTC https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698264178 cikguidawati https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698326171 By Myra
https://youtu.be/2_awXcbMRf8]]> 2021-08-26 12:18:06 UTC https://padlet.com/cikguidawati/chemistry_5ALF/wish/1698326171