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      <title>Communication Disorders by Jordan Tullis</title>
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      <description>By: Jordan Tullis</description>
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      <pubDate>2017-09-18 12:59:16 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Communication Disorder</title>
         <author>jtullis2</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jtullis2/reram3mp6pvz/wish/188437002</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>A communication disorder is any disorder that affects an individual's ability to comprehend, detect, or apply language and speech to engage in discourse effectively with others. The delays and disorders can range from simple sound substitution to the inability to understand or use one's native language.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2017-09-18 13:00:46 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Types</title>
         <author>jtullis2</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jtullis2/reram3mp6pvz/wish/188437491</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ul><li>Speech Sound Disorders. ...</li><li>Voice Disorders. ...</li><li>Fluency Disorders (Stuttering) ...</li><li>Language Disorder. ...</li></ul><div><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2017-09-18 13:01:49 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Causes</title>
         <author>jtullis2</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jtullis2/reram3mp6pvz/wish/188438001</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ul><li>abnormal brain development.</li><li>exposure to substance abuse or toxins before birth.</li><li>cleft lip or palate.</li><li>genetic factors.</li><li>traumatic brain injuries.</li><li>neurological disorders.</li><li>strokes.</li><li>tumors in the area used for communication.</li></ul><div><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2017-09-18 13:02:46 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jtullis2/reram3mp6pvz/wish/188438001</guid>
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         <title>Treatment</title>
         <author>jtullis2</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jtullis2/reram3mp6pvz/wish/188438946</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ul><li><strong>Speech Therapy</strong> to help children learn new vocabulary, organize their thoughts and beliefs, and correct grammatical or word errors</li><li><strong>Behavior Therapy</strong> designed to increase children's use of desirable communication behaviors, decrease their unwanted problem behaviors and use of maladaptive coping strategies, and to promote their development of useful interpersonal skills. Changes occur via a program of systematic reward and reinforcement. For example, children may be encouraged to use mnemonic strategies (adaptive coping behavior) to help them remember facts relevant to their school performance. Remembering the word "HOMES" can trigger the names of the five great lakes: Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, and Superior.</li><li>Some clinicians may also recommend the use of <strong>Stimulant Medications</strong> as a treatment for any impulsivity or hyperactivity symptoms that may be present. This is a variation on a common intervention typically used for treating ADHD.</li><li><strong>Environmental Modification</strong> can also be an important part of treatment for communication disorders. For example, children with communication disorders can be given extra time during school-based discussions or oral test situations to more adequately formulate responses.</li></ul><div><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2017-09-18 13:04:35 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jtullis2/reram3mp6pvz/wish/188438946</guid>
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         <title>Symptoms</title>
         <author>jtullis2</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jtullis2/reram3mp6pvz/wish/188440142</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div><strong>Language Disorder<br></strong><br></div><ul><li>Difficulties with learning and using language of various forms (i.e. spoken, written, or sign language)</li><li>Reduced vocabulary</li><li>Limited ability to put words and word endings together to form grammatically correct sentences</li><li>Impaired ability to have a conversation or use language to explain or describe a topic</li><li>Language abilities are significantly below those expected for the individual's age</li></ul><div><br><strong>Speech Sound Disorder<br></strong><br></div><ul><li>Difficulty with speech sound production</li><li>Trouble getting others to understand what they are trying to communicate</li><li>Persistent problems with articulation</li><li>Leaving out sounds where they should occur</li><li>Distorting sounds</li><li>Substituting an incorrect sound for a correct one</li></ul><div><br><strong>Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering)<br></strong><br></div><ul><li>Repetition of syllables, sounds, or monosyllabic words (i.e. "I-I-I-I-I see them")</li><li>Prolonging the vocalization of consonants and vowels</li><li>Broken words (i.e. pauses within a word)</li><li>Filled or unfilled pauses in speech</li><li>Word substitution to avoid problematic words</li><li>Words produced with an excess of physical tension (head jerking, eye blinking)</li><li>Frustration with attempts to communicate</li><li>Embarrassment with speech</li></ul><div><br><strong>Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder<br></strong><br></div><ul><li>Persistent difficulties in the social use of verbal and nonverbal communication</li><li>Limited ability to communicate for social purposes, such as greeting others or sharing information</li><li>Limited ability to change communication style to match context—for example, speaking as loudly in a classroom as on a playground</li><li>Difficulties following rules for conversation, such as taking turns speaking</li><li>Difficulties understanding what is ambiguous or not explicitly stated, such as metaphors or ironic humor</li></ul>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2017-09-18 13:06:33 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Teaching Strategies</title>
         <author>jtullis2</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jtullis2/reram3mp6pvz/wish/188441949</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>One thing that I am going to use with these kiddos is finding things to make sure they are heard. Whether that by by visual, pointing or setting up an I-pad for a way for the student to communicate. I currently work with a couple that we have set-up I-pad for them to communicate and show the teacher. It has worked wonderfully.<br>Providing visuals is the next thing. I would use many posters around the room for the students to be able to understand by visual preferences. Providing these visuals would be a way for the students to point in order to communicate needing to go to the bathroom and other important indicators.<br>The last thing that I seen in the videos that are of important is to slow down and make sure things are understood. Moving too fast can make the student lose interest and doesn't connect with the student as well. I would go at the pace of the student.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2017-09-18 13:09:45 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title></title>
         <author>jtullis2</author>
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         <pubDate>2017-09-18 13:16:26 UTC</pubDate>
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         <pubDate>2017-09-18 13:17:24 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title></title>
         <author>jtullis2</author>
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         <pubDate>2017-09-18 13:19:14 UTC</pubDate>
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         <author>jtullis2</author>
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         <pubDate>2017-09-18 13:21:53 UTC</pubDate>
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