ARDS (TH2) by Pauline Wong https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr NUR5923 Respiratory Pathophysiology en-us 2023-03-08 00:29:16 UTC 2026-02-12 03:58:10 UTC hello@padlet.com Instructions paulinewong1 https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722977
  • Choose a spokesperson
  • All students in the group are to work on all of the following questions/sections included in the Padlet
  • You can use diagrams/images other visual resources to explain each respiratory condition.
  • When we come back to the whole class, the spokesperson will feedback the groups findings, with the teams support
    • ]]>     2023-03-08 00:29:16 UTC https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722977     1. Brief definition paulinewong1 https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722978 ARDS - Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
    Acute widespread inflammation that ends with destruction and damage of diffuse alveoli.
    Can be direct injury (ie. pneumonia, pulmonary sepsis, COVID) or indirect injury (sepsis non pulmonary source, trauma, burns, TRALI)]]>     2023-03-08 00:29:16 UTC https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722978     2. Is it obstructive or restrictive? Why? paulinewong1 https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722980 Restrictive

    Decreased lung compliance from diffuse fibrosis]]>     2023-03-08 00:29:16 UTC https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722980     3. How does the condition effect lung compliance and/or airway resistance? paulinewong1 https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722981 Decreases lung compliance.
    Three phases:
    1. Oedematous phase: migration of neutrophils into the alveoli, releasing variety of substances ie. Proteases, gelatinases A and B and reactive nitrogen that damage the alveoli. Further damage occurs by alveolar macrophages and release of proinflammatory cytokines that amplify inflammatory response. Significant V/Q mismatch ( intrapulmonary shunt) evolves causing hypoxemia.
    2. Proliferative phase: begins after 1-2 weeks, fibrosis and remodelling occurs. Reduced alveolar ventilation and pulmonary compliance and V/Q mismatch. Reduced compliance (stiff lungs) causes further atelectasis in mechanically ventilated pt as alveoli are damaged by increased volume and /or pressure on inspiration.
    3. Fibrotic phase: the final phase where alveoli become fibrotic and the lung is left with emphysema - like alterations.
    ]]>     2023-03-08 00:29:16 UTC https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722981     4. Explain the role of V/Q mismatch in this condition. paulinewong1 https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722983
    V/Q mismatch (low V/Q ratio)- minimal alveolar ventilation with normal perfusion. Increased atelectasis/fibrotic tissues leads to intrapulmonary shunting.]]>     2023-03-08 00:29:16 UTC https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722983     5. How is oxygenation and ventilation affected? Eg. consider O2 content, O2 delivery, alveolar ventilation paulinewong1 https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722984 Ventilation is reduced by the exudate/oedema and decreased surfactant function, causes the alveolar to collapse leading to impaired diffusion of O2 across the alveolar-capillary membrane. 
    Low PaO2 due to increased A-a gradient

    ]]>     2023-03-08 00:29:16 UTC https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722984     6. What type of respiratory failure would this condition lead to? paulinewong1 https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722985 Mild/moderate - T1RF 
    Severe - T2RF]]>     2023-03-08 00:29:16 UTC https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722985     7. What are the typical ABGs and why? paulinewong1 https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722987 Starts as a respiratory alkolosis - patient hyperventilating, as the disease progresses it will become a respiratory acidosis.

    Respiratory Acidosis: 
    Mild/ Mod ARDS - T1RF: Low PaO2, normal PaCO2, Low pH
    Severe ARDS - T2RF: becomes hypercapnic with high PaCO2 

    Could be a mixed acidosis depending on cause of initial insult

    ]]>     2023-03-08 00:29:16 UTC https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722987     8. What are the typical clinical manifestations/ patient assessment data? (relate these to pathophysiology concepts already described) paulinewong1 https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722988 Increased WOB -  V/Q mismatch (low)
    Tachypneoa
    Crackles - increased pulmonary oedema due to destruction of the pulmonary epithelium.
    Decreased SpO2/ decreased PaO2 - exudate, alveoli collapse, fibrosis
    Cough - clear the airway from debris 
    CXR - 'white out' appearance 
    Fatigue - prolonged increased WOB and potential for pulmonary HTN
    Hypercapnia on ABG 
    Low p/f ratio ]]>     2023-03-08 00:29:16 UTC https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722988     9. OPTIONAL: Important vocabulary (include list of key vocabulary referenced; if you do not know the term(s), look up and add a definition for the word(s)) paulinewong1 https://padlet.com/paulinewong1/rbz3352u2j50anbr/wish/2507722990

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