Elephants are the tremendous existing land animals that are undergone studying for many years.Three living species are currently recognized: the African bush elephant, the African forest elephant, and the Asian elephant. They are the only surviving members of the family Elephantine and the order Proboscis. The order was formerly much more diverse during the Pleistocene, but most species became extinct during the Late Pleistocene epoch. Distinctive factors of elephants include a long proboscis called a trunk, tusks, large ear flaps, pillar-like legs, and tough but sensitive skin. The trunk is used for breathing, bringing food and water to the mouth, and grasping objects. Tusks, which are derived from the incisor teeth, serve both as weapons and as tools for moving objects and digging. The large ear flaps assist in maintaining a constant body temperature as well as in communication. African elephants have larger ears and concave backs, whereas Asian elephants have smaller ears, and convex or level backs.

 

Elephants are scattered throughout many parts of the world that embrace; sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia and they represent in different habitats, including savannas, forests, deserts, and marshes. They are herbivorous, and they stay near water when it is accessible. They are considered to be keystone species, due to their impact on their environments. Elephants prominently  relevant to have a fission–fusion society, in which multiple family groups come together to socialite. Females (cows) tend to live in family groups, which can consist of one female with her calves or several related females with offspring. The groups, which do not include bulls, are usually led by the oldest cow, known as the matriarch.

 

Males commences to leave their family groups when they reach puberty and may live alone or with other males. Adult bulls mostly interact with family groups when looking for a mate. They enter a state of increased testosterone and aggression known as mush, which helps them gain dominance over other males as well as reproductive success. Calves are the center of attention in their family groups and rely on their mothers for as long as three years. Elephants can live up to 70 years in the wild. They communicate by touch, sight, smell, and sound; elephants use infra sound and seismic communication over long distances. Elephant intelligence has been compared with that of primates and cetaceans. They appear to have self-awareness, and appear to show empathy for dying and dead family members.

 

Polar bears are called the largest carnivores on the land, and this predator eats seals, seahorses, beluga whales, fish, and waterfowl.

As you see the polar bears in the zoo, they walk slowly, descend gracefully in the water, and look a little bit lazy, but they can run about 24 MPH on land and keep swimming for more than 37 miles!

Most of the time, male polar bears breed two babies at a time, and their parenting time is about two and a half years. During this time, they never breed.

One of the astonishing features of polar bears is that their fur consists of a layer of dense underfur and an outer layer of guard hairs, which appear white to tan but are actually transparent. Their white tan furs are indistinguishable from snow and ice, so their appearance is useful for hunting. Their furs also keep their bodies warm; thus, they can undergo harsh weather.

However, there are disturbing factors for polar bears due to global warming. According to recent research, the number of polar bears is approximately 26,000 and has decreased by almost half in the past 10 years. A scientist says that they will become extinct by 2100.

Various organizations, such as WWH, have tackled this problem. I hope people enjoy watching polar bears in the zoo after 2100 as I used to do.

When I was a child, I went on a trip and saw a lot of sea fireflies. The astonishing spectacle commencing at dusk and continuing into the night when all was silent. The Sea Firefly was invisible in the dark sea, but I began to see a fantastic and astonishing landscape of countless flashing blue light, bouncing up and down in the dark water between waves creating layers of swaying light. I took a long time to descend from the excitement of my emotion after seeing the mysterious and fantastic sight. 

However, there were a few ill-mannered people who were not noble among the large crowd and disturbed natures spectacular light showtime. I remember their absurd misbehavior that caused me to undergo a rapid change in emotions from amazed to frustrated in their misbehavior. 

Seeing the Sea Firefly is harsh because of weather, water temperature, and time, but the experience is worth the hardship. The memory of the Sea Firefly is prominent, but the ill-mannered people are also remembered. The two important lessons from this experience are nature is amazing and there will always be people who do not appreciate natures beauty.