by Jairo Navarro

Fertile Crescent

MoneyBoyJairo — 2015-02-13 17:19:58 UTC

An area of fertile river valleys in Mesopotamia that contain the earliest evidence of agriculture.

Geography

MoneyBoyJairo — 2015-02-13 17:20:41 UTC

The study of the Earth's physical features.

Government

MoneyBoyJairo — 2015-02-13 17:21:55 UTC

A person or group of people who maintain leadership and control over a city, state, or civilization.

Ice Age

MoneyBoyJairo — 2015-02-13 17:22:09 UTC

A cold period on Earth when much of the globe is covered by glaciers.

Irrigation

MoneyBoyJairo — 2015-02-13 17:26:27 UTC

The control of the flow of water to support agriculture.

village

dchagolla28128 — 2015-02-13 17:26:35 UTC

a small community of people

Mesopotamia

MoneyBoyJairo — 2015-02-13 17:26:40 UTC

An ancient region in present-day Iraq between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers

Agrarian Civilization

npena_gonzalez2 — 2015-02-13 17:27:06 UTC

Large communities of hundreds of thousands or even millions of people, organized into cities and states, combined with their surrounding farmed countryside.

Monumental Architecture

MoneyBoyJairo — 2015-02-13 17:27:07 UTC

Large structures, such as pyramids, temples, public spaces, and large statues, that generally appear wherever powerful leaders emerge; a feature of all agrarian civilizations

Natufians

MoneyBoyJairo — 2015-02-13 17:27:21 UTC

A culture of successful foragers.

Uruk

dchagolla28128 — 2015-02-13 17:27:29 UTC

The first of several cities that emerged in Sumer about 5,500 years ago

Pastoralism

MoneyBoyJairo — 2015-02-13 17:27:34 UTC

A way of life similar to agricultural, but based primarily on the exploitation of domesticated animals rather than plants. To allow their domesticated animals to graze over large areas, pastoralists are generally nomadic.

Sedentism

MoneyBoyJairo — 2015-02-13 17:27:45 UTC

Living in one place for most of the year; rare in foraging societies but became widespread with the adoption of agriculture. Sedentism developed because agriculture made it possible to produce more resources in a given area and encouraged farmers to stay in one place to protect their crops.

State

MoneyBoyJairo — 2015-02-13 17:27:54 UTC

A regionally organized society, capable of imposing its will by force, based on cities and their environments, and containing populations of tens of thousands and up to many millions of people

Sumer

MoneyBoyJairo — 2015-02-13 17:28:03 UTC

A region in Mesopotamia that was the site of one of the earliest agrarian civilization

Teosinte

MoneyBoyJairo — 2015-02-13 17:28:12 UTC

A type of wild maize that is the ancestor of corn.

Agrarian Surplus

npena_gonzalez2 — 2015-02-13 17:29:02 UTC

The production of more crops and other food than immediately needed; the key to a civilization’s transition from a city to a state.

Agriculture

npena_gonzalez2 — 2015-02-13 17:29:51 UTC

A way of exploiting the environment by increasing the productivity of those plant and animal species most beneficial for human beings.

City

npena_gonzalez2 — 2015-02-13 17:30:24 UTC

A center of population with tens of thousands of people and its own social and trade structure.

Cuneiform

npena_gonzalez2 — 2015-02-13 17:30:51 UTC

The world’s first known system of writing, written with reeds on wet clay in Mesopotamia

Domestication

npena_gonzalez2 — 2015-02-13 17:31:34 UTC

Genetic modification of species by humans to make them more docile, more productive, and more compliant to human control.