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      <title>Sofia&#39;s HerpetoArea GR by Sofia Chronopoulou</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c</link>
      <description></description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2019-01-25 17:21:37 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2025-12-03 04:02:06 UTC</lastBuildDate>
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         <title>1st Habitat : Kalloni Bay Wetlands, Lesvos Island, Greece</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334491625</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The coastal Wetlands of Kalloni Bay are one of the most important ecologic assets of Lesvos. The coastal areas around the Bay constitute a unified ecosystem, as this area is a mosaic of salt marshes, estuaries of small rivers and streams, reeds, pine forests and olive groves. So these wetlands give natural shelter and a breeding place for many rare and endangered bird species. <br>Bay of Kalloni (Natura 2000) is very important for the bird migration. Many rare species of birds stop here during their migration (those who follow the eastern runway of Greece). Many species that belong to Annex 1 to Council Directive 409/79/EEC live here. <br><a href="http://www.lesvosgeopark.gr/en/small-wetlands/">http://www.lesvosgeopark.gr/en/small-wetlands/</a></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-02-23 22:47:30 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Location and pressures in Kalloni bay</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334493506</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The coast of Kalloni bay constitutes an ecological network of wetlands. It has been incorporated into the European Network of protected areas Natura 2000 the list of CORINE biotopes, the list of important areas of avian fauna of Greece (SPPE), and the 20 national Ecological Hot Regions (Hotspots) for avian fauna. Anthropogenic pressures in the coastal area of Kalloni bay include: partial drainage of wetlands, fragmentation of biotopes, illegal construction in swamps, sand extraction, sewage and olive presses’ discharge in torrents, unauthorized disposal of solid waste, grazing, and illegal hunting. <br><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Location-of-the-five-studied-coastal-wetland-systems-of-Kalloni-bay-Lesvos-Island_fig1_237437123">https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Location-of-the-five-studied-coastal-wetland-systems-of-Kalloni-bay-Lesvos-Island_fig1_237437123</a></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-02-23 23:15:55 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Species of herpetofauna in Kalloni bay</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334494166</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Coluber najadum dahlii<br>Natrix natrix persa<br>www.herpetofauna.gr</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-02-23 23:26:53 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>2nd Habitat : Geras bay and Dipi swamp, Lesvos Island, Greece</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334498448</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The area is located in the SE part of the island. Geologically it consists of alluvial deposits (around Geras bay), marbles, schists, pyroxeno-peridotites and olivinites. The marine area covers 49% of the site. Mount Olympos (968 m) is covered by Castanea sativa and Pinus brutia forests whilst its summit is naked and rocky. On mount Olympos there are also arborescent forms of Quercus coccifera mixed with deciduous species such as Ρrunus sp., Acer cempervirum, Crataegus sp., etc. Between Agiasos and Megalochori there is comparatively small area covered by Pinus pallasiana ssp. nigra. Kolpos Geras is an inland bay communicating with the Aegean sea through a narrow channel. Its surface is 42 km2 and its maximum depth 20 m. Saltmarshes are formed alongside the coasts of the bay and especially at Ntipi, Larsos, Evreiaki, Charamida, etc.<br> <a href="https://filotis.itia.ntua.gr/biotopes/c/GR4110005/">https://filotis.itia.ntua.gr/biotopes/c/GR4110005/</a><br><a href="http://www.lesvosgeopark.gr/en/natura-areas/">http://www.lesvosgeopark.gr/en/natura-areas/</a></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-02-24 00:33:28 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334498448</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Location and pressures in Geras bay</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334499397</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The operation of olive-presses and of a tannery around Geras bay cause water-pollution. The marine habitats show a clear recovery after the reduction of chemical pollution .Illegal building, landfills, embankments and hunting are the major threats for Geras saltmarshes and its important avifauna. Mount Olympos fauna, flora and vegetation are threatened by man-induced fires and grazing. <br><a href="https://filotis.itia.ntua.gr/biotopes/c/GR4110005/">https://filotis.itia.ntua.gr/biotopes/c/GR4110005/</a></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-02-24 00:47:26 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334499397</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Species of herpetofauna in Geras bay</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334499892</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Testudo graeca ibera<br>Hyla arborea arborea<br>Natrix tessellata tessellata<br>www.herpetofauna.gr</div><var><br></var>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-02-24 00:53:53 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334499892</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>3rd Habitat : Dytiki Chersonisos-Petrified Forest, Lesvos Island, Greece</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334500700</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The area is located in the western part of the island. The most proximate towns and villages are Sigri, Eresos, Antissa, Vatoussa, Pterounta, Chidira and Agra. Volcanic rocks are the main geological components, whilst marls, sandy or clayey tuffites as well as schists, conglomerates, slates and limestones also exist N of Sigri and NNW of Antissa (Hecht 1975). The vegetation of the area consists of phrygana (dominant species are Sarcopoterium spinosum, Centaurea spinosa, and Ballota acetabulosa) and of forests of Pinus brutia, Pinus pallasiana ssp. nigra and Quercus macrolepis. At the west part of Lesvos, among Chidira, Parakoilia and Agra there are riparian plant communities, along the banks of intermittently flowing streams, with Rhododendron luteum accompanied by Osmunda regalis, Nerium oleander, Pteridium aquilinum, Juncus sp., Platanus orientalis. <br>The Petrified Forest of Lesvos is one of the finest and rarest monuments of geological heritage worldwide. Created 20 million years ago, when volcanic materials covered and petrified the forest that was covering the area at that time. The Greek state recognizing the great environmental, geological and paleontological value of the Petrified Forest of Lesvos , declared  the area “a Protected  Natural Monument.<br><a href="https://filotis.itia.ntua.gr/biotopes/c/GR4110003/">https://filotis.itia.ntua.gr/biotopes/c/GR4110003/</a><br><a href="http://www.petrifiedforest.gr/the-petrified-forest/?lang=en">http://www.petrifiedforest.gr/the-petrified-forest/?lang=en</a></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-02-24 01:02:27 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334500700</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Species of herpetofauna in Dytiki Chersonisos</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334500839</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Vipera xanthina<br>Pelobates syriacus balcanicus<br>Lacerta trilineata cariensis<br>Agama stellio daani<br>www.herpetofauna.gr/<br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-02-24 01:03:56 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334500839</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Location and pressures in Dytiki Chersonisos</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334500990</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Although the petrified forest is protected by law and the violators are charged with penalties, damages are frequent as fossils are scattered in a considerably large area, and surveillance and protection are difficult. Pinus nigra, Quercus macrolepis and Pinus brutia forests are threatened by repeated man-induced fire and intense grazing (over-grazing). <br><a href="https://filotis.itia.ntua.gr/biotopes/c/GR4110003/">https://filotis.itia.ntua.gr/biotopes/c/GR4110003/</a></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-02-24 01:05:43 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334500990</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>ID card of reptilian fossil</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334636950</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The giant tortoise Cheirogaster, one of the largest tortoises of the world and the last of its kind in Europe. Vatera is a Late Pliocene (~2Ma) locality in the southern part of Lesvos Island, Greece, in which a mainland fauna of large vertebrates has been found and systematically excavated. The fauna is composed of the typical European mammals of that time. In addition, the remains of a rare species of macaque and a species of a giant tortoise(Cheirogaster) were also discovered.<br>Selection for gigantism in tortoises is often attributed to “island-effects” including absence of predators/competing <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/herbivore">herbivores</a>, simple eco-community structure, and seasonally intermittent food supplies. Contrastingly, however, the occurrence of collosal <em>Cheirogaster</em> remains in the Mytilinii and Vatera formations indicates that peak body sizes were historically more pronounced in mainland taxa. The simultaneous appearance of the most massive Greek <em>Cheirogaster</em> specimens (inferred carapace length of ∼2 m) with other equally gigantic tortoises in Africa and Asia could therefore have been prompted by other factors such as the onset of widespread climatic cooling/drying during the Late Miocene-Late Pliocene; the increased body-size conferring an advantage for maintaining higher metabolic activity (through inertial homeothermy) and/or reflecting a dietary shift towards greater consumption of C<sub>4</sub> vegetation (necessitating a voluminous fermentative gut), which dominated concomitantly spreading savannah grasslands throughout Mediterranean Europe <br><a href="http://natuurtijdschriften.nl/download?type=document&amp;docid=523539">http://natuurtijdschriften.nl/download?type=document&amp;docid=523539</a><br>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016699513000430<br>https://bmcevolbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2148-9-82</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-02-24 22:27:53 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334636950</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>ID card of amphibian fossil</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334637005</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>One of the most renowned geological monuments in the Aegean area, the Lesvos Petriﬁed Forest, which covers a large part of western Lesvos Island in Greece, has been providing information on the Early Miocene subtropical ﬂora of the Aegean–Anatolian area for many decades. In addition, a large number of microfossils, including gastropods and isolated elements of ﬁsh, amphibians, reptiles and micromammals, were located in a thin layer of blackish-brown marls exposed near the village of Lapsarna. <br>Mioproteus sp. is an extinct genus of prehistoric salamanders from Neogene Europe. Its living relatives are the olm and the mudpuppies. <br>The morphology of the elongated, robust andwell-ossiﬁed vertebrae from Lapsarna is reminiscent of the genus Mioproteus, originally described from the Miocene of the Caucasus region  and since then also found in the Miocene of the Czech Republic and Germany, as well as in the Pliocene of Poland and France. However, in the absence of complete diagnostic material (e.g. vertebrae with robust posterior basapophyses), we can only tentatively assign the Lesvos salamandrid to this genus.</div><div>http://www.academia.edu/35218115/Early_Miocene_gastropod_and_ectothermic_vertebrate_remains_from_the_Lesvos_Petrified_Forest_Greece<br>https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0153834</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-02-24 22:28:34 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/334637005</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title> Assess the problem</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/336191381</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Climate is the fundamental factor that determines different stages of the organism life-cycle. It can severely alter habitats and food sources for animals, and ultimately, could have significant impacts on biodiversity of species and ecosystems around the world. Global climate change is often considered as one of the major factors causing biodiversity loss. Over the past 100 years, the global average temperature has increased by approximately 0.6°C and is projected to continue to rise at a rapid rate. <br>Observations of range boundary shifts are consistent with the hypothesis that climate contributes to, but is not the sole determinant of, the position of the range boundaries of the majority of terrestrial animal species. <br>After the last glacial cycle, temperate European trees migrated northward, experiencing genetic bottlenecks and founder effects, which left high haplotype endemism in southern populations and clines in genetic diversity northward. These patterns are thought to be ubiquitous across temperate forests, and are therefore used to anticipate the potential genetic consequences of future warming. <br>So, according to the above I do believe that the effect of climate change on organisms in Europe is a combination of several options.<br>https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/impact-of-climate-change-on-biodiversity-loss-and-extinction-of-endemic-plants-of-arid-land-mountains-2332-2543.1000120.php?aid=23166<br>https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ele.12853</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-02-27 23:09:03 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/336191381</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Herpetofauna of Lesvos  Island-Complete list of reptiles and amphibians</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/336195318</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Amphibians<br>- Pelobates syriacus<br>- Bufo viridis<br>-Hyla arborea<br>-Pelophylax bedriagae<br>Reptiles<br>List in the photo below<br>http://lesvosbirding.com/wildlife/reptiles/</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-02-27 23:28:48 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/336195318</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Amphibians in Lesvos Island</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/336545130</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>www.herpetofauna.gr/</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-02-28 18:03:35 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/336545130</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Some Reptiles in Lesvos Island</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/336556483</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>www.herpetofauna.gr/</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-02-28 18:22:22 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/336556483</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Natural History Museum Lesvos</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/337400110</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>http://www.lesvosmuseum.gr/site/home/ws.csp?loc=en_US</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-03-04 10:30:39 UTC</pubDate>
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      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Natural History collection Vrisa, Lesvos Island</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/337400918</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="http://wikimapia.org/31206277/Natural-History-Collection-of-Vrisa" />
         <pubDate>2019-03-04 10:34:15 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/337400918</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>A brief history of Greek herpetology</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/337405126</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="http://zoologicalbulletin.de/BzB_Volumes/Volume_57_2/329_345_BzB57_2_Pafilis_Panayiotis.PDF" />
         <pubDate>2019-03-04 10:50:03 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/337405126</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Lesvos Herpetofauna</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/337405358</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>http://www.podarcis.nl/Podarcis/ArticlesFirstSeriesUK/PodarcisUK_141.pdf</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-03-04 10:51:01 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/337405358</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Physiology and adaptation of Pelophylax ch. bedriagae</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/337407099</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div> The <strong>Levant water frog</strong> (<em>Pelophylax bedriagae</em>), formerly belonging to the genus Rana, is a southern European species of frog. They are green to brown in color with dark blotches on their dorsal side. They are cousins of the aquatic frogs and live most of the time in the water. They are not poisonous and are quite large, especially the females. <br>Distribution in Greece: east Aegean islands close to Turkish coast, Lesvos, Samos, Ikaria, Kos, possibly on Lemnos and extreme eastern parts of Thrace.<br>Physiology : total length up to 15cm, usually less. Shows a wide variety of colors and patterns. A diurnal, shy frog that usually basks out of water. It will jump into the water when it feels threatened. It feeds mainly on invertebrates. It mates in spring and females lav in the water more than 10.000 eggs in total in clusters of a few hundred.<br>In the last three to four decades, Anatolian water frogs (<em>Pelophylax</em> cf. <em>bedriagae</em>) have been introduced into several western European countries mainly for culinary purposes but also as ornamental animals for garden ponds. <em>P.</em> cf. <em>bedriagae </em>comprises several distinct evolutionary lineages that exhibit a high genotypic and phenotypic variability. A clear differentiation of <em>P.</em> cf. <em>bedriagae </em>from closely related water frog species, for example <em>P. ridibundus </em>and <em>P. bedriagae</em>, requires molecular tools. <em>P.</em> cf. <em>bedriagae </em>may influence native water frog populations ecologically as predators and disease vectors, or genetically by transmitting allochthonous genes into the endemic gene pool. Rapid dispersion of <em>P. </em>cf. <em>bedriagae </em>is documented for Belgium, France, Switzerland, and south-western Germany. As a consequence fundamental genetic changes of the native gene pools and a decrease of autochthonous water frogs can be expected. <br>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant_water_frog<br>http://www.herpetofauna.gr/index.php?module=cats&amp;page=read&amp;id=223<br>https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/109855</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-03-04 10:58:01 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/337407099</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Pelophylax cf. bedriagae </title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/337414336</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/109855" />
         <pubDate>2019-03-04 11:30:44 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/337414336</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Physiology and adaptation of Testudo graeca
</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/338896470</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The Greek tortoise (<em>Testudo graeca</em>), also known commonly as the spur-thighed tortoise is a species of tortoise in the family Testudinidae. <em>Testudo graeca</em> is one of five species of Mediterranean tortoises. The Greek tortoise is a very long-lived animal, achieving a lifespan of upwards of 125 years, with some unverified reports of up to 200 years.  The Greek tortoise (<em>Testudo graeca ibera</em>) is often confused with Hermann's tortoise (<em>Testudo hermanni</em> ). However, notable differences enable them to be distinguished. <br>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_tortoise</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-03-07 15:15:04 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/338896470</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Greek Tortoise (Testudo graeca)</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/338904377</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/234542030/695b7a6e5b6fa9ee3a5e87da81686261/Greek_Tortoise_Care___Aurora_Animal_Hospital.pdf" />
         <pubDate>2019-03-07 15:25:54 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/338904377</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Assess the problem</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/340449874</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Madagascar is home to more than 300 species of reptiles of which more than 90 percent are endemic (36 of the 64 genera found on the island are also found nowhere else). Madagascar's reptile fauna includes lizards, snakes, turtles and tortoises, and crocodiles. Madagascar's reptiles are as unusual as they are unique. The island lacks pythons, which are found in nearby Africa and throughout Asia, along with front-fanged venomous snakes. Equally strange, Madagascar's iguanid lizards and boas have their closest relatives in South America. The uniqueness of the island's reptiles has resulted in widespread collecting for the exotic-pet trade. Some species of chameleons, geckos, and tortoises are threatened due to unsustainable collection.<br>An understanding of the conservation status of Madagascar’s endemic reptile species is needed to underpin<br>conservation planning and priority setting in this global biodiversity hotspot, and to complement existing information on<br>the island’s mammals, birds and amphibians. <br>Three scientific research priorities related to the conservation of Malagasy reptiles have been identified:<br>(1) Continued exploration of taxonomy and diversity of reptile<br>species. A large number of candidate species of reptiles have<br>already been identified, and many other nominal species are deeply subdivided genetically or<br>otherwise require taxonomic revision. It is important to<br>continue this work to gain a realistic view of Madagascar’s<br>reptile diversity and, consequently, its threat status;<br>(2) Assess the vulnerability of Malagasy reptiles to climate<br>change. It is important to determine whether the reported<br>upward elevational shift of Madagascar’s montane reptiles,<br>associated with regional climate warming, is a general<br>pattern in Madagascar’s massifs, and at what time scale such<br>climate change-driven factors might constitute an extinction<br>threat;<br>(3) Remedy the surprising lack of studies on the effects of logging<br>and forest degradation on reptiles, and on their diversity in<br>degraded and secondary habitats of Madagascar.<br>https://www.wildmadagascar.org/wildlife/reptiles.html<br>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264897010_Extinction_Risks_and_the_Conservation_of_Madagascar%27s_Reptiles</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-03-12 14:54:23 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/340449874</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Herpetofauna threats</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/340650450</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Climate, geological history, geographic position and the long human presence in the area are responsible for shaping the<br>particular features of Greek herpetofauna. Around 15% of the Greek herpetofauna comprises endemic species while 16%<br>represent the only European populations in their range.<br>Habitat degradation, environmental pollution, introduced<br>species and the non-stop, greedy development of tourism<br>(principal source of money for Greek economy) stress the<br>imperious need for conservation studies in the immediate<br>future. Though knowledge of species distribution is in satisfactory<br>level, the evaluation of populations’ status is still<br>very poor. Amphibian and fresh water turtle populations<br>are known to decrease as a consequence of water pollution<br>and the desiccation of water bodies. The problem is<br>much more intense in the islands because of tourism-related<br>activities (excessive withdrawal of groundwater and<br>construction projects on wetlands areas). Reptile populations<br>are threatened by wildfires that the last 10 years destroyed<br>a significant part of Greek forests and also, in the<br>case of small islets, by overgrazing. Greece hosts some<br>very important nesting beaches for Caretta caretta, endangered<br>as well by tourism and fishing. In order to protect<br>and maintain one of the richest European herpetofaunas<br>special conservation projects should be undertaken shortly<br>with the contribution of herpetologists from all fields.<br>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260434338_A_brief_history_of_Greek_herpetology<br>https://cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/greece_s_biodiversity_at_risk_fact_sheet_may_2013.pdf</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2019-03-12 22:21:18 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/340650450</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Reptiles and amphibians on the Greek Island of Lesbos</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/340652056</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8leAjMeKagA" />
         <pubDate>2019-03-12 22:30:29 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/340652056</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Signs of climate change</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/340653738</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The climate of Greece is Mediterranean with mild, rainy winters, relatively warm and dry summers and plenty of sunshine throughout most of the year. Various regions of Greece are characterized by a great variety of climate subtypes, always within the Mediterranean climate. This is mainly due to the topography of the<br>country which has great elevation differences as there are high mountains along the central country. This fact causes significant climatic differences. For example,<br>Eastern Greece has dry climate conditions whereas Northern and Western part of the country is quite humid. It is a fact that big climatic differences still occur in places that are a short distance apart. This creates a special and unique area of<br>interest appearing rarely even in a global scale. Climate change is recognized as an additional threat to biodiversity, both in terms of<br>the habitats and the ability of species to survive. It is obvious that due to the special landscape of Greece and because of its geographical location, ecosystems of the country would be substantially affected by the constant increase in the average<br>temperature, the more frequent occurrence of extreme weather events, by the changes in precipitation and by the potential reduction of the quantities of available water. Climate change will have significant negative impacts on several sectors in Greece, with agriculture, forestry, fisheries, tourism, transport, coastal activities and the urban built environmental expected to be affected by the rise in temperature,<br>drought, extreme weather events and sea level rise. These impacts will lead to reduced productivity, loss of capital and additional expenditure for damage repair.<br>Negative impacts will also affect biodiversity, ecosystems and health.<br>Also, climate change will disrupt ecosystems due to the invasion of new species. This problem has already been detected especially in marine and terrestrial<br>ecosystems. This paper deals with the climate change impacts on the biodiversity of ecosystems and it presents a spatio-temporal analysis and recording of the invasion of alien invasive species in the flora and fauna of the Greek territory.<br>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321011261_The_Impact_of_Climate_Change_on_Biodiversity_The_Ecological_Consequences_of_Introduced_Species_in_Greece</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2019-03-12 22:40:44 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/340653738</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Strategies to help face the threats</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/340653798</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Amphibians and reptiles are particularly sensitive to temperature and moisture conditions. Our world working group is working on what might be done at local scales to forestall effects of climate variation. As scenarios of variable climate conditions unfold, species at the limits of their environmental tolerances will be especially at risk. In addition to predicting effects of altered climates on herpetofauna, management alternatives need to be designed to ensure habitat quality and connectivity. Vulnerabilities will need to be assessed. <br>https://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/lwm/aem/news/climate_change_and_herpetofauna.html</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2019-03-12 22:41:05 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/340653798</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Environmental Law in Greece</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/340656525</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/234542030/678fbf874a2e189d42575724baf33ae5/WWF_2015LawReview_NatureBiodiversity.pdf" />
         <pubDate>2019-03-12 22:58:13 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/340656525</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Business plan of a local voluntary organisation which aims to protect the local herpetofauna
</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/340657627</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>In Greece like in all other European Union member-states, the complete amount of reptiles and amphibians has been put under arrangement of protection, since they play a vital part in obtaining and maintaining the balance of ecosystem. <br>Public attitudes about wildlife protection are changing and herpetofauna are a barometer of this change. More and more people accept native reptiles and amphibians as a valuable part of our natural heritage deserving full protection. Educated people appreciate the key environmental role herpetofauna play as critical links in the food chain of which all humans are part.<br>An organisation which aims to protect the herpetofauna should  strongly believe in education for children and therefore should develope special, educational programs for kids, schools and adults. Interactive programs lets children and adults come to understand the various threats herpetofauna has to face and what they themselves can do about it.</div><div>Topics like recycling, conservation, pollution and durability can be taught through different games and quizzes. School that joins that programs could get all the material used free of charge. </div><div>http://herpetofauna.gr/index.php?module=nomothesia&amp;sid=86<br>https://books.google.gr/books?id=_44wDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA187&amp;lpg=PA187&amp;dq=herpetofauna+children&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=g8U-iQVAKy&amp;sig=ACfU3U0pCms2hdPnhXWmNCTsWrm8cswbAg&amp;hl=el&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiKiNSV2InhAhUPPFAKHccABrIQ6AEwCnoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&amp;q=herpetofauna%20children&amp;f=false</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2019-03-12 23:04:52 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/340657627</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Protecting wetlands</title>
         <author>sofchronopoulou</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/340658755</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www3.epa.gov/owow/RealEstate/presentation_content/external_files/AmphibianReptile.pdf" />
         <pubDate>2019-03-12 23:11:56 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/sofchronopoulou/r4nsftknkh3c/wish/340658755</guid>
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